Amathiphu Okukhetha Uhlobo Olufanele Lwe-Transmission Lubricant
Uketshezi lokudlulisa luyisici esibalulekile ekugcineni ukusebenza kanye nobude besikhathi besistimu yokudlulisa amandla yemoto. Zombili izimoto nezithuthuthu zisebenza ngaphansi kokucindezela okuphezulu, ukungqubuzana, kanye namazinga okushisa. Ngaphandle koketshezi olufanele, ukushintsha kwamagiya kungazwakala kulukhuni, izingxenye ziguge ngokushesha, futhi imisindo yokuhayiza ingenzeka, okuholela emonakalweni omkhulu nobizayo. Ngakho-ke, ukukhetha uhlobo olufanele loketshezi lokudlulisa akukwazi ukwenziwa nje "ngokucela uwoyela," kodwa kunalokho ngokuluvumelanisa nezidingo zobuchwepheshe zemoto.
Lesi sihloko sixoxa ngamathiphu okukhetha i-transmission lubricant efanele, izinhlobo zayo, imininingwane okufanele uyinake, kanye nemikhuba okufanele uyigweme.
1. Yazi Uhlobo Lokudlulisela Imoto Yakho
Isinyathelo sokuqala ukuqonda uhlobo lokudlulisela olusetshenziswayo, njengoba ngalunye ludinga uhlobo oluhlukile lokuthambisa.
1. Ukudluliselwa Kwesandla (MT)
Uwoyela wegiya noma uwoyela wokudlulisa one-viscosity ethile uvame ukusetshenziswa. I-lubricant kumele ikwazi ukuvikela amagiya okudlulisa, ama-synchronizer, nama-bearings ekugugeni.
2. Ukudluliselwa Okuzenzakalelayo Okuvamile (i-AT)
Isebenzisa i-ATF (Automatic Transmission Fluid), "eyi-hydraulic" kakhulu kune-oyela yegiya, i-ATF ayisebenzi nje kuphela njenge-lubricant kodwa futhi njenge-power transmission medium nge-torque converter kanye ne-hydraulic pressure controller.
3. I-CVT (Ukudluliselwa Okuguquguqukayo Okuqhubekayo)
Idinga uketshezi olukhethekile lwe-CVT. Izici zayo zokugcoba ziyahlukahluka ngoba kumele isekele ukusebenza kwebhande/uchungechunge nama-pulley, ilawule ukungqubuzana, futhi igcine izinga lokushisa lizinzile.
4. I-DCT (Ukudluliselwa Kwe-Clutch Okubili)
Kukhona ama-“wet” (i-clutch ecwiliswe ngoketshezi) kanye nama-“dry” DCT. Ama-Wet DCT ngokuvamile asebenzisa uketshezi olukhethekile olunikeza amandla okupholisa nokulawula ukungqubuzana kwe-clutch. Ama-Dry DCT avame ukuba nemininingwane ehlukile futhi awasebenzisi uketshezi olufanayo ngaso sonke isikhathi.
5. Ukudluliselwa Kokugcina Kokushayela / Ukwehluka
Ezimotweni ezishayela ngemuva noma ezine-4WD, i-axle isebenzisa uwoyela wegiya onemininingwane ethile ye-API GL, ngezinye izikhathi ngokufakwa kwesithasiselo esilinganiselwe se-LSD.
Uma ungaqiniseki ngohlobo lwegiya lakho, hlola incwadi yemiyalelo yomnikazi wakho noma ilebula ekwigumbi lenjini/igumbi lesevisi. Ukuqagela kungaholela ekugcwalisweni okungalungile.
2. Qonda Umsebenzi We-Transmission Lubricant
I-transmission lubricant yenza okungaphezu nje kokunciphisa ukungqubuzana. Imisebenzi yayo ihlanganisa:
– Kugcoba amagiya nezingxenye ezihambayo ukuze kuvinjelwe ukuguguleka okusheshayo.
– Ipholisa ngokuthutha ukushisa kude nendawo yokuxhumana.
– Ihlanza ngokubopha izinhlayiya ezincane kanye nama-deposit.
– Kuvimbela ukugqwala ezingxenyeni zensimbi.
– Ilawula ukungqubuzana (ikakhulukazi i-AT, i-CVT, kanye ne-DCT) ukuze ukudluliselwa kwamandla kube bushelelezi futhi kungasheleli.
Ngenxa yokuthi lo msebenzi wokungqubuzana uqondile kakhulu, ikakhulukazi ekudlulisweni okuzenzakalelayo, ukukhetha uketshezi olungalungile kungabangela izimpawu ezifana nokushelela, ukugxumagxuma, noma ukushisa ngokweqile.
3. Landela Imininingwane Yomkhiqizi (Iphuzu Eliphephile Kakhulu)
Icebiso elibaluleke kakhulu: landela izincomo zomenzi. Incwadi yemiyalelo ivame ukuthi:
– Uhlobo loketshezi oludingekayo (isib. i-ATF ethile, uketshezi oluthile lwe-CVT)
- Izindinganiso zokucacisa (isib. iDexron, iMercon, iJASO, noma amakhodi athile omkhiqizi)
- Isikhawu somthamo kanye nokufakwa esikhundleni
Ezinye izinhlobo zezimoto zinezincazelo zazo ze-ATF (isb., iToyota T-IV/WS, iHonda ATF DW-1, iNissan Matic, njll.). Nakuba kunemikhiqizo "yezimoto eziningi" emakethe, qiniseka ukuthi iyahambisana.
4. Hlola amazinga kanye namakhodi okucacisa (i-API, i-GL, i-Dexron, njll.)
Nazi ezinye zezindinganiso ezivame ukuhlangatshezwana nazo:
Kokudlulisela ngesandla kanye ne-axle (uwoyela wegiya)
– I-API GL-4: Ngokuvamile ifaneleka kuma-transmission asetshenziswa ngesandla asebenzisa ama-synchronizer ethusi.
– I-API GL-5: Amandla aphezulu okucindezela okukhulu (EP), avame ukusetshenziswa kuma-axle. Kodwa-ke, ngaphansi kwezimo ezithile, i-GL-5 ingase ingafaneleki kahle kwamanye ama-transmission asetshenziswa ngesandla ngoba isithasiselo se-EP singathinta i-synchronizer.
– SAE 75W-90, 80W-90, 75W-80, njll.: Kubonisa izinga le-viscosity.
Kokudlulisela okuzenzakalelayo
– I-Dexron (II, III, VI): I-ATF ejwayelekile yezimoto eziningi, kodwa kumele ihambisane nezincomo zomenzi.
– I-Mercon: Izinga le-ATF elisetshenziswa kabanzi ezimotweni ezithile.
– I-ATF eqondene nomkhiqizi: Ngokuvamile inezithasiselo zokungqubuzana ezenzelwe izici ezithile zokushintsha igiya.
Kwe-CVT
– I-CVT Fluid ayinakuqhathaniswa ne-ATF evamile. Ama-CVT adinga izici ezahlukene zokungqubuzana ukuze avimbele ukushelela kwebhande/uchungechunge futhi avimbele ukuguguleka kwe-pulley ngaphambi kwesikhathi.
Nge-DCT
– Uketshezi lwe-DCT luvame ukuba nekhodi yalo. Ungalushintshi nge-ATF evamile ngaphandle kokuthi umenzi wokugcoba usho ngokucacile ukuthi uyahambisana yini.
5. Naka ukujiya kanye nezimo zokusetshenziswa.
Ukujiya kakhulu kungenza kube nzima ukushintsha igiya uma kubanda, kanti ukujiya okuncane kakhulu kunganciphisa ukuvikelwa uma kushisa kakhulu. Ngakho-ke:
– Ukuze uthole isimo sezulu esijwayelekile kanye nokusetshenziswa, landela i-viscosity ejwayelekile yomkhiqizi.
– Uma ufuna ukusetshenziswa kakhulu (ukudonsa, ukuthambekela okukhulu, imithwalo emikhulu), khetha umkhiqizo ohlala ngaphakathi kwezidingo kodwa ozinzile kahle ekushiseni.
– Ezimotweni ezindala, abanye abantu bayalingeka ukusebenzisa amafutha aqinile ukuze “banciphise umsindo.” Lokhu kungase kunikeze impumuzo yesikhashana, kodwa kuyingozi yokwenza ama-synchronizer asebenze kanzima futhi kwandise ukusetshenziswa kukaphethiloli. Kungcono ukuphenya umthombo wenkinga.
6. Khetha i-Mineral, i-Semi-Synthetic, noma i-Full Synthetic?
Ngenjwayelo:
– Amaminerali: Ashibhile kakhulu, anele ukusetshenziswa okuvamile futhi angabi nezikhawu ezinde kakhulu.
– Okwenziwa kancane: Ukuvumelana phakathi kwentengo nokusebenza, ngokuvamile okuzinzile kakhulu emazingeni okushisa.
– Okwenziwa ngokugcwele: Ukumelana okungcono kwe-oxidation, okuzinzile emazingeni okushisa aphezulu naphansi, okulungele ukusebenza okuphezulu noma izikhawu ezinde (kusalandela izincomo zomenzi).
Kodwa khumbula, ukuthi “kubiza kakhulu” akusho ngokuzenzakalelayo ukuthi “kufaneleke kakhudlwana.” Ukufaneleka kusanqunywa yizincazelo.
7. Qaphela Imikhiqizo "Ejwayelekile" Engenakho Ukucaca
Kunezinhlobo eziningi zokugcoba emakethe ezithi zifanele izinhlobo ezahlukene zokudlulisa. Akuzona zonke ezimbi, kodwa kufanele:
– Funda ishidi ledatha lobuchwepheshe uma likhona
- Qinisekisa ukuthi kukhona uhlu olucacile lokuhambisana
- Gwema imikhiqizo ethembele kuphela ezimangalweni zokumaketha ngaphandle kwezindinganiso eziqinile zokucaciswa.
Kuma-CVT nama-DCT, kungcono ukuba nombono olinganiselayo: sebenzisa imikhiqizo echaza ngempela imininingwane efanele.
8. Cabanga Ngezikhathi Zokufaka Ezintsha kanye Nezimpawu Zokuwohloka
Uketshezi lokudlulisa luphinde luguge: izithasiselo ziyaguga, izinguquko ze-viscosity, ukungcola kwezinhlayiya kwenzeka, kanye nokusebenza kokungqubuzana kwehla. Ezinye izimpawu ezingase zivele zifaka:
– Ukushintsha igiya ngendlela enzima noma ephuzile (AT/CVT)
– Umsindo wokubhonga/wokuhona (okwenziwa ngesandla/ohlukile)
– Ukudlidliza ngesikhathi sokusheshisa (i-CVT)
– Umbala we-ATF uba mnyama futhi unuka ukusha (kubonisa ukushisa ngokweqile)
Naphezu kwezinsolo "zoketshezi lokuphila konke," empeleni, ochwepheshe abaningi basancoma ukushintsha uketshezi ngezikhathi ezithile, ikakhulukazi uma lusetshenziswa kakhulu. Njalo bheka izincomo ezisemthethweni kanye nesimo sangempela semoto.
9. Ungaxubi amafutha ahlukene ngokunganaki.
Ukuxuba uketshezi olubili olunezincazelo ezahlukene kungashintsha izici zalo zokungqubuzana kanye nezengezo. Imiphumela ingafaka:
- faka i-clutch ye-AT/DCT
- Ukusebenza kwe-CVT kwehla
– ukwakheka kwenhlabathi (udaka)
Uma kufanele wengeze okwengeziwe, zama ukwengeza umkhiqizo ofanayo. Uma ungaqiniseki, kuphephile ukuwushintsha usebenzisa inqubo efanele.
10. Sebenzisa Inqubo Yokugcwalisa Efanele
Kuma-transmission azenzakalelayo anamuhla, amazinga e-ATF awanqunywa njalo kusetshenziswa i-dipstick. Kunezinqubo ezithile zokushisa ezisebenzayo, izikhundla ze-lever, kanye nezindlela zokugcwala. Amazinga angalungile angaba yingozi:
– Ukuntuleka: umfutho we-hydraulic uyehla, uyashelela, ushisa ngokushesha
– Okweqile: umoya/igwebu, ingcindezi engazinzile, ukushintshwa kwegiya okuyinkinga
Uma ungakajwayeli, kungcono ukuthi kwenziwe eshabhu eliqonda izinqubo zaleyo moto.
Isiphetho
Ukukhetha uketshezi lokudlulisa olufanele kuqala ngokuhlonza uhlobo lwakho lokudlulisa, ukulandela imininingwane yomkhiqizi, nokuqonda amazinga afana ne-API GL yokushayela ngesandla/amasondo onke noma i-Dexron/Mercon yokudlulisa okuzenzakalelayo, kanye noketshezi oluthile lwe-CVTs kanye ne-DCTs. Ungalingeki kalula yizimangalo ezijwayelekile; naka i-viscosity kanye nohlobo lwamafutha ayisisekelo, futhi ugweme ukuwaxuba ngokunganaki. Ngokukhetha okufanele nokugcinwa njalo, ukudlulisa kwakho kungasebenza kahle, kuhlale isikhathi eside, futhi kugweme ukulungiswa okubizayo.
Uma usho uhlobo, imodeli, unyaka wemoto, kanye nohlobo lwe-gearbox (ngesandla/AT/CVT/DCT), ngingasiza ukuncoma imininingwane efanele kakhulu ye-gearbox lubricant.
