Ukukhetha Uhlobo Olufanele Lwamafutha Esithuthuthu Sakho
Izithuthuthu sezibe ngenye yezindlela zokuhamba ezithandwa kakhulu emhlabeni wonke, ikakhulukazi emazweni asemadolobheni amaningi. Njengomnikazi wesithuthuthu, cishe uyazi ukuthi ukulungiswa kwemoto okufanele kubalulekile ekugcineni ukusebenza kwenjini nokuphila isikhathi eside. Ukukhetha uwoyela ofanele kubalulekile ekunakekelweni kwesithuthuthu. Uwoyela ofanele awugcini nje ngokuthambisa injini kodwa futhi usiza ekugcineni izinga lokushisa lenjini, uvimbele ukugqwala, futhi unciphise ukungqubuzana phakathi kwezingxenye zenjini. Lesi sihloko sizohlola ukuthi ungakhetha kanjani uwoyela ofanele wesithuthuthu sakho.
Kuyini uwoyela wemoto?
Uwoyela wemoto uwuketshezi olwakhelwe ukugcoba izingxenye zangaphakathi zenjini yemoto. Lowoyela udlala indima ekunciphiseni ukungqubuzana phakathi kwezingxenye zenjini, ukunciphisa ukushisa okubangelwa ukungqubuzana, nokuvikela izingxenye zenjini ekugqwaleni. Ngaphezu kwalokho, uwoyela udlala indima ekugcineni ukuhlanzeka kwenjini ngokubamba nokuthwala imfucuza yensimbi kanye nokungcola kuyiyise kusihlungi samafutha.
Izinhlobo Zamafutha Emoto
Ngokuvamile, uwoyela wemoto ungahlukaniswa ngezigaba ezintathu eziyinhloko: uwoyela wamaminerali, uwoyela wokwenziwa, kanye namafutha angenziwanga ngokwengxenye. Uhlobo ngalunye lwamafutha lunezici kanye nokusetshenziswa okuhlukile.
1. Amafutha Amaminerali
Uwoyela wamaminerali uwoyela owenziwe ngophethiloli ocwengisisiwe. Lolu hlobo lwamafutha lubiza kancane kunamafutha okwenziwa kanye nawokwenziwa kancane, kodwa lunikeza ukusebenza okuphansi. Uwoyela wamaminerali uvame ukusetshenziswa ezinjinini ezisebenza ngaphansi kwezimo ezingezimbi kakhulu.
2. Uwoyela Wokwenziwa
Uwoyela wokwenziwa uwoyela owenziwe ngamakhemikhali ahlanzekile ngenqubo yokwenziwa kwelebhu. Lowoyela usebenza kangcono kunowoyela wamaminerali, ikakhulukazi maqondana nokuthamba kanye nokuqina kwezinga lokushisa. Uwoyela wokwenziwa uvame ukumelana kakhulu nokugqwala kanye nokuwohloka kokushisa, okwenza ufaneleke kakhulu ezinjinini ezisebenza ngaphansi kwezimo ezimbi kakhulu noma ezidinga ukusebenza okuphezulu.
3. Uwoyela Ongahlanganisiwe Kancane
Uwoyela owenziwe kancane uyinhlanganisela yamafutha amaminerali nawokwenziwa. Lolu hlobo lwamafutha lunikeza ibhalansi phakathi kwentengo nokusebenza. Uwoyela owenziwe kancane usebenza kangcono kunowoyela wamaminerali, kodwa hhayi kahle njengowoyela wokwenziwa. Lolu hlobo lwamafutha lufanele ukusetshenziswa kwansuku zonke ezimotweni eziningi ezahlukene.
Izici Okufanele Uzicabangele
Uma ukhetha uwoyela wesithuthuthu sakho, kunezici eziningana okufanele uzicabangele:
1. Uhlobo Lomshini
Uhlobo ngalunye lwenjini lunezidingo ezahlukene zokuthambisa. Izinjini ezine-stroke ngokuvamile zidinga uwoyela ohlukile kunezinjini ezine-stroke ezimbili. Qiniseka ukuthi ubheka incwadi yemiyalelo yomnikazi wesithuthuthu sakho ukuze uthole uhlobo lwamafutha olunconywe ngumenzi.
2. Ukuqina Kwamafutha
Ukuqina kwamafutha kuvame ukuboniswa ngenombolo ephrintiwe ephaketheni, njenge-10W-40. Inombolo yokuqala (ngaphambi kuka-W) ikhombisa ukuqina kwamafutha okushisa okuphansi, kanti inombolo yesibili ikhombisa ukuqina kwamafutha okushisa okuphezulu. Khetha ukuqina kwamafutha okuhambisana nesimo sezulu sakho futhi okuhambisana nezincomo zomenzi wemoto.
3. Imininingwane ye-API ne-JASO
I-API (i-American Petroleum Institute) kanye ne-JASO (i-Japanese Automotive Standards Organisation) yizinhlangano ezibeka izindinganiso zezigaba zikawoyela. I-API isebenzisa amakhodi afana ne-"SJ," "SL," "SM," njalo njalo, kuyilapho i-JASO isebenzisa amakhodi afana ne-"MA," "MA1," "MA2," njalo njalo. Khetha uwoyela onemininingwane ehlangabezana nezincomo zomenzi wesithuthuthu sakho.
4. Imisebenzi Eyengeziwe
Amanye amafutha anemisebenzi eyengeziwe njengokuhlanza injini, ukuvimbela ukugqwala, ukuvimbela ukugqwala, njalo njalo. Le misebenzi eyengeziwe ingasiza ekugcineni ukuhlanzeka nokuqina kwesikhathi eside kwenjini yakho.
Kufanele Ushintshe Nini Uwoyela Wakho?
Ukushintsha uwoyela njalo kuyingxenye ebalulekile yokunakekelwa kwesithuthuthu. Izikhathi zokushintsha uwoyela zivame ukunqunywa ngamamayela noma isikhathi sokusetshenziswa, noma yikuphi okuza kuqala. Njengesiqondiso esijwayelekile:
– Njalo ngamakhilomitha angu-2.000 kuya kwangu-3.000 ezithuthuthwini ezisebenzisa uwoyela wamaminerali.
– Njalo ngamakhilomitha angu-4.000 kuya ku-6.000 ezithuthuthwini ezisebenzisa uwoyela owenziwe kancane.
– Njalo ngamakhilomitha angu-6.000 kuya kwangu-10.000 ezithuthuthwini ezisebenzisa uwoyela wokwenziwa.
Noma kunjalo, lezi zibalo ziyiziqondiso ezijwayelekile; hlala ubheka incwadi yemiyalelo yomkhiqizi ukuze uthole izincomo ezinembile.
Izinyathelo Zokushintsha Uwoyela
Ukushintsha uwoyela wesithuthuthu kungenziwa ngokwakho ngezinyathelo ezilandelayo:
1. Lungisa Amathuluzi Nezinto Ezisetshenziswayo: Lungisa uwoyela omusha ngokwezidingo ezinconywayo, isipanela, isitsha samafutha asetshenzisiwe, kanye nendwangu.
2. Fudumeza injini: Vula injini imizuzu embalwa ukuze ufudumale uwoyela, ukuze uwoyela uphume kalula.
3. Beka Isithuthuthu Endaweni Eqondile: Qiniseka ukuthi isithuthuthu simi endaweni eqondile futhi eqinile.
4. Susa Ibholithi Yokukhipha Umoya: Sebenzisa isikrufu ukuze ukhulule ibhalithi yokukhipha umoya etholakala phansi kwenjini, bese uvumela uwoyela ukuthi uphume ungene epanini likawoyela.
5. Namathisela kabusha i-Drain Bolt: Ngemva kokuba uwoyela omdala usuphelile, phinda unamathisele i-drain bolt ngokuqinile.
6. Gcwalisa ngamafutha amasha: Vula isivalo sokugcwalisa amafutha bese uthela amafutha amasha ngokwesilinganiso esinconywayo.
7. Hlola Izinga Lamafutha: Sebenzisa i-dipstick noma ingilazi yesithuthuthu ukuqinisekisa ukuthi uwoyela usesigabeni esifanele.
Isiphetho
Ukukhetha uhlobo olufanele lwamafutha esithuthuthu sakho akuwona umsebenzi omncane. Ukukhetha uwoyela ongalungile kungathinta kabi ukusebenza kwenjini kanye nokuphila isikhathi eside. Ngakho-ke, cabanga njalo ngezincomo zomenzi wemoto, isimo sezulu sendawo yakho, kanye nezidingo ezithile zenjini yesithuthuthu sakho. Ngokukhetha nokushintsha uwoyela ofanele, ungajabulela ukuhamba okunethezekile kanye nenjini ehlala isikhathi eside.
