Isikhathi samandla (i-torque)

Izinto Zesikhathi Samandla (I-Torque)

Izingalo Zesitayela
Cabanga ngento ejikelezayo, njengomnyango. Uma umnyango uvuliwe noma uvaliwe, uyajikeleza. I-hinge exhumanisa umnyango nodonga isebenza njenge-axis yokujikeleza.
Isithombe somnyango obonakala phezulu. Cabanga ngesibonelo lapho umnyango ucindezelwa ngamandla amabili, lapho womabili la mandla enobukhulu obufanayo kanye nesiqondiso; isiqondiso samandla siqonde ngqo emnyango.
Ekuqaleni umnyango ucindezelwa ngamandla F₁ okukude r₁ kusukela ku-axis yokujikeleza. Ngemva kwalokho umnyango ucindezelwa ngamandla F₂ okukude r₂ kusukela ku-axis yokujikeleza. Ngisho noma ubukhulu kanye nesiqondiso samandla F1 kufana no-F₂, phoqelela u-F₂ kubangela ukuthi umnyango ujikeleze ngokushesha kunamandla F₁Ngamanye amazwi, amandla u-F₂ kubangela ukusheshisa okukhulu kwe-angular kunamandla u-F₁Ungakufakazela lokhu.
Ubukhulu bokusheshisa kwe-angular kwento ekujikelezeni abuthonywanga nje kuphela amandla kodwa futhi buthonywa yibanga eliphakathi kwephuzu lesenzo lamandla kanye ne-axis yokujikeleza (r). Uma isiqondiso samandla siqonde ngqo ebusweni bento njengasesibonelweni esingenhla, ingalo yamandla (l) ilingana nebanga eliphakathi kwephuzu lesenzo lamandla kanye ne-axis yokujikeleza (r). Kuthiwani uma isiqondiso samandla singaqonde ngqo ebusweni bento?
Buyekeza ezinye izibonelo ezimbili njengoba kuboniswe esithombeni esingenhla. Ngisho noma ubukhulu bamandla u-F2 no-F3 bufana, izikhombisi-ndlela zamandla amabili zihlukile ukuze izingalo zamandla (l) zihluke. isithombe c, isiqondiso somugqa wesenzo samandla sihambisana ne-axis yokujikeleza ukuze ingalo yamandla ibe yi-zero. Ingalo yamandla yaziwa ngokudweba umugqa kusukela ku-axis yokujikeleza kuya emgqeni wesenzo samandla, lapho umugqa ovela ku-axis yokujikeleza kumele ube oqondile noma wakhe i-engeli engu-90^o ngomugqa wesenzo samandla.
Sithandwa isithombe b ukuze ukwazi ukuqonda kangcono ukuthi ifomula elandelayo yengalo yamandla isuselwa kuphi.
Imininingwane:
l = ingalo yamandla, r = ibanga lephuzu lesenzo samandla kusukela ku-axis yokujikeleza
Isibalo 1 sisetshenziselwa ukubala ingalo yamandla.
Uma u-F eqondile ku-r khona-ke i-engeli eyakhiwe ingu-90^o.
l = r isono 90^o = (r)(1)
l = r
Uma u-F ehambisana no-r khona-ke i-engeli eyakhiwe ingu-0^o.
l = r isono 0^o = (r)(0)
l =0

Isikhathi Samandla Noma I-Torque
Umzuzu omkhulu wamandla
Ngokwezibalo, ubukhulu besikhathi samandla buwumphumela wokuphindaphinda ubukhulu bamandla (F) ngengalo yamandla (l).
Isibalo 2 sisetshenziselwa ukubala ubukhulu besikhathi samandla.
Iyunithi ye-torque yamazwe ngamazwe yi-Newton meter, efingqiwe ngokuthi i-N.m. Iyunithi ye-torque yamazwe ngamazwe ifana neyomsebenzi namandla, kodwa i-torque ayiyona amandla, ngakho-ke iyunithi yayo ayidingi ukushintshwa ngeyunithi ye-Joule. Izazi ze-physics zivame ukusebenzisa igama elithi Torque, kuyilapho onjiniyela bevame ukusebenzisa igama elithi moment of force.

Isiqondiso sesikhathi samandla
Umzuzu wamandla uyinani le-vector, ngakho-ke, ngaphezu kobukhulu bawo, nawo unesiqondiso. Isiqondiso sesikhathi samandla sinqunywa kalula kusetshenziswa umthetho wesandla sokunene. Jikelezisa iminwe emine yesandla sakho sokunene, ugcine isithupha sakho sokunene siqondile. Isiqondiso sokujikeleza kweminwe emine siyisiqondiso sokujikeleza, kuyilapho isiqondiso esikhonjiswe yisithupha siyisiqondiso sesikhathi samandla.
Uma isiqondiso sesikhathi samandla siphezulu (nge-y-axis enhle) noma ngakwesokudla (nge-x-axis enhle), khona-ke umzuzu wamandla noma i-torque ilungile. Ngokuphambene nalokho, uma isiqondiso sesikhathi samandla siphansi (nge-y-axis) noma ngakwesobunxele (nge-x-axis), khona-ke umzuzu wamandla ungalungile.
Ngamanye amazwi, uma ukujikeleza kwento kuhamba ngokwewashi, isikhathi samandla siba sibi. Ngokuphambene nalokho, uma ukujikeleza kwento kuhamba ngokwewashi, isikhathi samandla siba sibi.

Isibonelo sezinkinga

1. Amandla amahlanu asebenza esikweleni esinezinhlangothi ezingu-10 cm njengoba kuboniswe esithombeni esilandelayo. Umzuzu ophumelayo wamandla ane-axis endaweni yokuhlangana kwama-diagonal esikweleni u…

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Kuyaziwa:

Ubude be-diagonal = 5√2 cm = (5)(1,4) cm = 7 cm = 0,07 m

Isono 45 ^o = 0,5√2 = (0,5) (1,4) = 0,7

Kubuziwe: I-torque ephumelayo

Impendulo:

I-Torque 1:

τ ₁ = (10 N)(0,07 m)(isono 45 ^o ) = (10 N)(0,07 m)(0,7) = 0,49 Nm

I-Torque 1 ibangela ukuthi isikwele sijikeleze ngokuphambene newashi, ngakho-ke ngokwesiko sinikezwa uphawu oluhle.

I-Torque 2:

τ ₂ = (4 N)(0,07 m)(isono 45 ^o ) = (4 N)(0,07 m)(0,7) = 0,196 Nm

I-Torque 2 ibangela ukuthi isikwele sijikeleze ngokuphambene newashi, ngakho-ke ngokwesiko sinikezwa uphawu oluhle.

I-Torque 3:

τ ₃ = (10 N)(0,07 m)(isono 45 ^o ) = (10 N)(0,07 m)(0,7) = 0,49 Nm

I-Torque 3 ibangela ukuthi isikwele sijikeleze ngokuphambene newashi, ngakho-ke ngokwesiko sinikezwa uphawu oluhle.

I-Torque 4:

τ ₄ = (5√2 N)(0,07 m)(isono 90 ^o ) = (7 N)(0,07 m)(1) = 0,49 Nm

I-Torque 4 ibangela ukuthi isikwele sijikeleze ngokuphambene newashi, ngakho-ke ngokwesiko sinikezwa uphawu oluhle.

I-Torque 5:

τ ₅ = (9 N)(0,07 m)(isono 45 ^o ) = (9 N)(0,07 m)(0,7) = -0,44 Nm

I-Torque 5 ibangela ukuthi isikwele sijikeleze ngokwewashi, ngakho-ke ngokwesiko sinikezwa uphawu olungeluhle.

I-torque ephumela:

τ = 0,49 + 0,196 + 0,49 + 0,49 – 0,44 = 1,47 + 0,196 – 0,44 = 1,666 – 0,44 = 1,226 Nm