Indlela Amafu e-Stratus Akheka Ngayo Nemiphumela Yawo
Amafu angenye yezinto zemvelo ezivame kakhulu esizibonayo, kodwa awaqondakali ngaso sonke isikhathi. Phakathi kwezinhlobo ezahlukene zamafu, amafu e-stratus aphakathi kwalawo avame kakhulu, ikakhulukazi ezindaweni ezisogwini, ezindaweni eziphansi, nasezindaweni ezinomswakama. Lawa mafu avame ukubonakala njengamashidi amancane kuya kwawugqinsi amboze isibhakabhaka, okwenza umkhathi ubonakale umpunga. Nakuba engase abonakale "ejwayelekile," amafu e-stratus anenqubo yokwakheka ethakazelisayo enomthelela omkhulu esimweni sezulu, ezindizeni, emisebenzini yabantu, ngisho nasezindaweni zemvelo.
Ayini amafu e-stratus?
Ngokuvamile, amafu e-stratus angamafu aphansi asakazeka kabanzi njengengubo, ngokuvamile ampunga okhanyayo kuya kompunga omnyama ngombala. Ngokungafani namafu e-cumulus, anamaqhubu futhi anezingqimba, ama-stratus avame ukuba yisicaba futhi afanayo, njengokungathi isibhakabhaka simbozwe yinkungu ekhuphukayo.
Ngokwezigaba zesimo sezulu, amafu e-stratus ahlukaniswa njengamafu aphansi. Ukuphakama kwawo kwesisekelo kuvame ukusuka eduze kobuso kuya cishe kumamitha angu-2.000, yize lokhu kungahluka kuye ngezimo zomkhathi wendawo. Amafu e-Stratus awakhiqizi imvula enkulu ngaso sonke isikhathi. Esikhundleni salokho, avame ukukhiqiza imvula eningi noma imvula encane kakhulu, noma avele adale isibhakabhaka esinamafu ngaphandle kwemvula.
Inqubo yokwakheka kwamafu e-stratus
Ukwakheka kwamafu e-stratus kuhlobene eduze nomoya omanzi, ukupholisa, kanye nokuzinza komoya. Nazi ezinye zezindlela eziyinhloko ezingakha amafu e-stratus.
1. Ukupholisa umoya omanzi engxenyeni engezansi
Amafu akheka lapho umoya omanzi uphola kuze kube yilapho kuba khona amazolo, izinga lokushisa lapho umhwamuko wamanzi uqala ukuhlangana khona ube amaconsi amancane amanzi. Emafwini e-stratus, le nqubo ivame ukwenzeka ongqimbeni lomoya olungezansi eduze kobuso.
Ukupholisa kungenzeka ngenxa yezinto eziningana:
– Umoya uhamba phezu kwendawo ebandayo (isib. ulwandle olubandayo noma umhlabathi ebusuku).
– Ukupholisa okubangelwa imisebe ebusuku, lapho ubuso bomhlaba bulahlekelwa ukushisa futhi bupholisa umoya ongaphezulu kwawo.
Uma ukupholisa kwenzeka kancane futhi ngokulinganayo endaweni ebanzi, kwakheka amafu anohlamvu oluyisicaba njenge-stratus.
2. Ukuphakamisa umoya okubuthakathaka nokuzinzile
Esinye sezici ezibalulekile ze-stratus ukuphakama kwayo okungatheni. Lapho umoya ukhuphuka ngokushesha (isibonelo, ngenxa yokushisa okukhulu komhlaba), amafu ajikelezayo afana namafu e-cumulus avame ukwakheka. Kodwa-ke, kuma-stratus, umoya ukhuphuka kancane, ngokuvamile ngenxa yalokhu:
– Ukunyakaza okukhulu kwemimoya (isib. ngenxa yesistimu yokucindezela okuphansi engasebenzi kakhulu).
– Ukuhlangana komoya okulula ezingqimbeni ezingezansi okusunduza umoya ukuthi ukhuphuke kancane.
Ngenxa yokuthi umkhathi usesimweni esizinzile (ungqimba lomoya olungaphezulu luvimbela ukunyakaza okuqondile), amafu awakhuli phezulu, kodwa asakazeka ngokuvundlile.
3. I-stratus yenkungu ephakanyisiwe
Amafu e-Stratus avame ukwakheka kusuka enkungwini "ephakama" lapho umoya ufudumala kancane noma umoya ushintsha. Inkungu empeleni iyifu elihlala phezu kobuso. Lapho isisekelo senkungu siphakama amashumi amaningana kuya kwamakhulu amamitha, singaguquka sibe ungqimba lwefu le-stratus.
Yingakho ekuseni, ikakhulukazi ezigodini noma ezindaweni ezinenkungu, isibhakabhaka singashintsha kusuka ekubeni nenkungu kuya ekubeni nesicaba.
4. I-Stratus ngenxa yokunyakaza komoya omanzi)
Amafu e-Stratus angakheka futhi lapho umoya omanzi uhamba ngokuvundlile (ukwenyuka) phezu kwendawo epholile. Isibonelo, umoya omanzi wasolwandle uhamba phezu kwendawo epholile ebusuku noma ekuseni. Umoya omanzi uphola usuka phansi, wakhe amafu aphansi, anezingqimba.
Lolu hlobo lokwakheka luvame ezindaweni ezisogwini futhi luvame ukuhlala isikhathi eside ngoba umthombo womswakama utholakala njalo olwandle.
Izici zamafu e-stratus esibhakabhakeni
Ukuze kube lula ukukubona, nansi ezinye izici ezivamile zamafu e-stratus:
– Yenza amashidi abanzi noma izendlalelo, hhayi amaqhubu.
– Umbala umpunga futhi ubukeka “njengesibhakabhaka esimboziwe”.
– Isisekelo samafu esiphansi, ngezinye izikhathi okwenza iziqongo zezakhiwo noma amagquma zibonakale sengathi zimbozwe amafu.
– Ngokuvamile kuhambisana nokuwa noma amaconsi amanzi amancane, hhayi imvula enkulu.
– Ukubonakala kungase kunciphe ngenxa yamafu aphansi nomoya omanzi.
Amafu e-Stratus ngezinye izikhathi kungaba nzima ukuwahlukanisa ne-altostratus (amafu asezingeni eliphakathi) uma uwabuka okokuqala. Umehluko owodwa obalulekile ukuphakama kwawo: amafu e-altostratus ngokuvamile aphezulu futhi avame ukusenza sibone ilanga njengediski encane, kuyilapho amafu e-stratus ejiyile futhi ephansi futhi avame ukwenza isibhakabhaka sibonakale sinzima.
Ithonya lamafu e-stratus esimweni sezulu kanye nemvelo
Amafu e-Stratus angase angabi mahle njengamafu anezimvula ezinkulu, kodwa umthelela wawo ubalulekile. Nazi ezinye zethonya lawo eliyinhloko.
1. Nciphisa amandla okukhanya kwelanga futhi ushintshe izinga lokushisa lansuku zonke
Ngenxa yokuthi zimboza isibhakabhaka ngokulinganayo, amafu e-stratus avimbela ukukhanya kwelanga ukuthi kungafiki ebusweni. Ngenxa yalokho:
– Emini kuvame ukuba pholile ngoba ukushisa kwelanga kuyancipha.
– Umehluko wokushisa phakathi kwemini nobusuku ungaba mncane.
– Ezinkathini ezithile zonyaka, i-stratus ehlala isikhathi eside ingenza isimo sezulu sibe “sibanda futhi simanzi” futhi singakhululeki.
Kodwa-ke, ebusuku, amafu e-stratus angasebenza njengengubo "ebamba imisebe yokushisa yomhlaba, ivimbele ukuba iphume ngokushesha. Lokhu kungasiza ekuvimbeleni ubusuku ukuba bungabanda njengoba bekuyoba njalo uma isibhakabhaka sicacile.
2. Kubangela ukuna kwemvula futhi kwandise umswakama
Amafu e-Stratus avame ukukhiqiza ukuna kwemvula okungahlala isikhathi eside. Nakuba imvula incane, umphumela ohlangene ungaba:
– Kumanzisa umgwaqo futhi kwenze indawo ishelele.
– Kugcina umswakama enhlabathini, okuzuzisa ezinye izitshalo.
– Kwandisa umswakama womoya ukuze uzizwe umanzi noma umanzi, ikakhulukazi ezindaweni ezishisayo.
3. Kunciphisa ukubonakala futhi kuthinta ezokuthutha
Ngenxa yokuthi ziseduze nobuso, amafu e-stratus anganciphisa ukubonakala, ikakhulukazi uma ehlotshaniswa nenkungu noma imvula encane. Imiphumela yile:
– Kuphazamisa izindiza, ikakhulukazi ngesikhathi sokusuka nokufika. Amafu aphansi asho uphahla oluphansi, okunganciphisa ukusebenza kwesikhumulo sezindiza.
– Kwandisa ingozi yezingozi zomgwaqo ngenxa yokuncipha kokubonakala kanye nemigwaqo eshelelayo.
– Kuvimbela ukuhamba ngezinyawo noma imisebenzi emincane yolwandle uma kuhambisana nenkungu nokungabonakali kahle.
4. Umthelela ekhwalithini yomoya
Ezimweni ezizinzile zomkhathi, amafu e-stratus avame ukwenzeka kanye nokuguqulwa kwezinga lokushisa (ungqimba lomoya ofudumele ngaphezu komoya opholile eduze kobuso). Lesi simo singavimba ukungcola ezingqimbeni ezingezansi, ngaleyo ndlela:
– Ikhwalithi yomoya iyehla ezindaweni zasemadolobheni.
– Intuthu noma umswakama kungahlala isikhathi eside.
– Izinkinga zokuphefumula zinganda emaqenjini asengozini.
5. Umthelela kwezolimo kanye nezinhlelo zemvelo
Amafu e-Stratus, akhiqiza ukuna okuncane, angaba usizo kwezinye izimo, njengokugcina umswakama wenhlabathi. Kodwa-ke, uma eqhubeka isikhathi eside kakhulu:
– Ukuntuleka kwelanga kungavimbela i-photosynthesis, ikakhulukazi ezitshalweni ezidinga ukukhanya okukhulu.
– Ingozi yesikhunta kanye nezifo zezitshalo inganda ngenxa yomswakama ophezulu.
– Umsebenzi wokuthuthwa kwempova yizinambuzane ungancipha uma kunesimo sezulu esinamafu isikhathi eside.
Isiphetho
Amafu e-Stratus akheka lapho umoya omanzi ophansi uzwa ukupholisa kanye nokuphakama okubuthakathaka esimweni esizinzile, noma lapho inkungu iphakama iye emafwini. Abonakala njengezingqimba ezibanzi, ezimpunga ezivame ukufihla isibhakabhaka futhi ngezinye izikhathi zikhipha amafu. Nakuba ebonakala elula, amafu e-stratus anethonya elikhulu ekushiseni kwansuku zonke, ekukhanyeni, ekubonakaleni, ekhwalithini yomoya, kanye nemisebenzi yabantu efana nezokuthutha kanye nezolimo. Ukuqonda amafu e-stratus kusisiza ukuthi sifunde izimpawu zesimo sezulu zansuku zonke futhi siqaphele ukuthi izinguquko ezincane emkhathini zingaba nemiphumela efinyelela kude ebusweni boMhlaba.
Uma ufisa, ngingenza futhi inguqulo yalesi sihloko ngesitayela sesayensi (ngamagama aphelele e-meteorological) noma inguqulo elula yabafundi besikole.
