Insimu Kamagnetic Yomhlaba kanye neKhompasi

Insimu yamagnetic yoMhlaba iyisenzakalo esibalulekile semvelo esithinta izici ezahlukene zokuphila emhlabeni wethu. Abantu bebelokhu besebenzisa le nsimu yamagnetic kusukela ezikhathini zasendulo ukuze bazulazule, ikakhulukazi ngokusebenzisa amakhampasi. Lesi sihloko sizohlola ngokujulile insimu yamagnetic yoMhlaba, indlela eyakheka ngayo, umthelela wayo empilweni, kanye nomlando kanye nezimiso zokusebenza zekhampasi.

Insimu Kamagnetic Yomhlaba

Insimu yamagnetic yoMhlaba iyinsimu ekhiqizwa ukunyakaza kwezinto eziwuketshezi enkabeni engaphandle yoMhlaba, eyakhiwa yinsimbi ne-nickel. Le nsimu yamagnetic ifana nensimu yamagnetic ekhiqizwa yi-bar magnet, enezinsika ezimbili: insika yasenyakatho yamagnetic kanye nensika yaseningizimu yamagnetic.

Ukwakheka Kwensimu Kamagnetic Yomhlaba

Insimu yamagnetic yomhlaba ikhiqizwa yi-dynamics yengaphakathi langaphandle loMhlaba ngenqubo eyaziwa ngokuthi i-geodynamo. Ingaphakathi langaphandle loMhlaba lakhiwe yinsimbi ewuketshezi, ikakhulukazi insimbi kanye ne-nickel, ehamba ngenxa yemisinga ye-convection ebangelwa ukushisa okuvela engaphakathi eliqinile. Lokhu kunyakaza kwensimbi ewuketshezi kukhiqiza imisinga kagesi, edala insimu yamagnetic. Le nqubo yenzeka njalo futhi igcina insimu yamagnetic yoMhlaba.

Isakhiwo Sensimu Kamagnetic Yomhlaba

Insimu yamagnetic yoMhlaba inesakhiwo esiyinkimbinkimbi, esinemigqa yensimu ephuma empondweni yamagnetic eseningizimu bese ingena empondweni yamagnetic esenyakatho. Le nsimu ingachazwa njenge-dipole yamagnetic enezingxenye eziningana ezengeziwe ezibangelwa ukushintshashintsha kwendawo kanye nesikhathi ebusweni boMhlaba.

1. Izigxobo Zikazibuthe: I-magnetic north pole kanye ne-magnetic south pole yizindawo ezisebusweni boMhlaba lapho imigqa ye-magnetic field iqonde khona ebusweni. Lezi zinsika azizinzile futhi zihlala zishintsha ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.
2. Amabhande Emisebe kaVan Allen: Insimu yamagnetic yomhlaba ibamba nezinhlayiya ezishajelwe emoyeni welanga, zakha amabhande emisebe kaVan Allen. Lawa mabhande avikela uMhlaba ezinhlayiyeni eziyingozi ezingalimaza impilo kanye nobuchwepheshe.
3. AuroraUkusebenzisana kwezinhlayiya ezishajiwe ezivela emoyeni welanga nensimu yamagnetic yoMhlaba kanye nomkhathi kukhiqiza i-aurora, eyaziwa nangokuthi izibani zasenyakatho noma zaseningizimu. Lesi simo sibonakala ezindaweni ezibandayo futhi singenye yezibonakaliso ezinhle kakhulu zensimu yamagnetic yoMhlaba.

Ithonya Lensimu Kamagnetic Yomhlaba

Insimu yamagnetic yomhlaba idlala indima ebalulekile ekuvikeleni iplanethi yethu ezingozini zemisebe yendawo yonke kanye nomoya welanga. Ngaphandle kwale nsimu yamagnetic, izinhlayiya ezishajiwe ezivela emoyeni welanga zingahlasela umkhathi woMhlaba, zilimaze ungqimba lwe-ozone, futhi zisongele ukuphila ebusweni.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, insimu yamagnetic yoMhlaba nayo ithinta ukuhamba kwezilwane. Ezinye izinhlobo, njengezinyoni ezifudukayo, izimfudu zasolwandle, nezinhlanzi, zisebenzisa insimu yamagnetic yoMhlaba ukuze zihambe ngesikhathi sohambo olude. Ziyakwazi ukubona amasimu amagnetic futhi ziwasebenzise njengesiqondiso.

Umlando kanye nesimiso sokusebenza sekhampasi

Ikhampasi iyithuluzi lokuhamba elisebenzisa amandla kazibuthe oMhlaba ukukhombisa inyakatho neningizimu. Amakhampasi abelokhu esetshenziswa abantu amakhulu eminyaka futhi adlale indima ebalulekile ekuhloleni nasekuhwebeni.

Umlando wekhampasi

Ukusetshenziswa kokuqala kwekhampasi okuqoshiwe kwakuseShayina ngekhulu le-11. Ngaleso sikhathi, amakhampasi ayenziwa nge-lodestone, iminerali engokwemvelo ewuzibuthe. Ikhampasi yabe isisakazekela ezweni lama-Arabhu naseYurophu, okwenza kube lula ukuzulazula olwandle kanye nokuhlola umhlaba.

Ngekhulu le-14, ikhampasi eyomile yasungulwa eYurophu, eyayisebenzisa inaliti eyisibuthe ebekwe endaweni ejikelezayo ukuze ibonise indlela. Lokhu kwakuyinto entsha enkulu ngoba yayivumela ukuzulazula okunembile futhi yayingasetshenziswa ezimweni zezulu ezahlukahlukene.

Indlela Ikhampasi Esebenza Ngayo

Ikhampasi isebenza ngesimiso sokuthi inaliti kamagnetic ihlale ihambisana nemigqa yamandla kazibuthe oMhlaba. Inaliti kamagnetic ekhampasini iyimagnethi ehlala njalo ekwazi ukujikeleza ngokukhululeka. Ukuphela kwenaliti kuvame ukupendwa noma ukuphawulwa ukuze kuboniswe enyakatho.

1. Inaliti KaMazibuthe: Inaliti yekhampasi yenziwe ngezinto ezisebenzisa i-ferromagnetic ezifakwa ugesi ukuze zibe ugesi ohlala njalo. Ukuphela okukhomba enyakatho kubizwa ngokuthi i-pole esenyakatho yenaliti, kanti ukuphela okukhomba eningizimu kubizwa ngokuthi i-pole eseningizimu yenaliti.
2. I-Pivot kanye ne-Scale: Inaliti yekhampasi ifakwe endaweni ejikelezayo ukuze ikwazi ukuzungeza ngokukhululeka. Amakhampasi anamuhla avame ukuba nesikali se-azimuth esibonisa isiqondiso ngamadigri.
3. Ukulungiswa Kokwenqaba: Amasimu kazibuthe endawo angabangela ukuphambuka ekhampasini, okubizwa ngokuthi ukunqamuka. Ukunqamuka kwentaba kuyi-engeli ephakathi kwenyakatho kazibuthe nenyakatho yezwe. Ukulungiswa kokunqamuka kwentaba kuyadingeka ukuze kuqondiswe kahle.

Isicelo sekhampasi

Ama-Compass anezinhlelo ezahlukene zokuphila kwansuku zonke kanye nemboni:

1. Ukuzulazula: Ikhampasi iyithuluzi elibalulekile lokuhamba emhlabeni, olwandle, nasemoyeni. Abashayeli bezindiza, amatilosi, nabashayeli bezindiza basebenzisa amakhampasi ukuthola isiqondiso nendawo.
2. UkulwaAmakhampasi asetshenziswa emisebenzini yezempi yokuzulazula umhlaba kanye nokumapha. Amakhampasi ezempi ngokuvamile afakwe izici ezengeziwe njengokukhulisa kanye nokulungisa ukwehla.
3. I-Geology kanye Nezinto ZakudalaIzazi ze-geology kanye nezazi zemivubukulo zisebenzisa amakhampasi ukuthola indawo kanye nokuqondiswa kwezakhiwo zamadwala nezindawo zemivubukulo.
4. Ezokungcebeleka: Abahamba ngezinyawo, abahloli bamazwe, nabathandi bemvelo bavame ukusebenzisa amakhampasi ukuze bazulazule endle.
5. Ubuchwepheshe Besimanje: Ikhampasi yedijithali ehlanganiswe kuma-smartphone namadivayisi e-GPS isebenzisa inzwa yamagnetic ukunikeza ulwazi oluqondisa indawo.

Isiphetho

Insimu yamagnetic yoMhlaba kanye nekhampasi kuyimibono emibili ehlobene ebalulekile ekuzulazuleni nasekuvikeleni iplanethi yethu. Insimu yamagnetic yoMhlaba, ekhiqizwa amandla engaphakathi elingaphandle, ihlinzeka ngesivikelo emisebeni yendawo yonke futhi yenza kube lula ukuhamba kwezilwane. Amakhampasi, asebenzisa insimu yamagnetic yoMhlaba, asetshenziswe abantu amakhulu eminyaka ukuhlola nokuhamba. Ukuqonda insimu yamagnetic yoMhlaba kanye nezimiso zokusebenza zekhampasi kubalulekile hhayi nje ekuzulazuleni kodwa futhi nasezinhlelweni eziningi zesayensi nezobuchwepheshe zanamuhla.