Ukuqhathaniswa Kwensimbi Zethusi Nezethusi Zezinsimbi Zomculo
Ezweni lezinsimbi zomculo, ukukhethwa kwezinto akugcini nje ngobuhle, kodwa futhi kunquma kakhulu uhlobo lomsindo, ukuqina, izindleko zokukhiqiza, kanye nenduduzo yomdlali. Izinto ezimbili ezivame ukuxoxwa ngazo—ikakhulukazi izinsimbi zomoya neze-percussion—ithusi nethusi. Zombili ziyi-alloy zensimbi ezisekelwe ethusi, kodwa zinezinhlobo ezahlukene, izakhiwo zomzimba, kanye nezimpendulo ze-acoustic. Lesi sihloko sixoxa ngokuqhathanisa okuphelele kwethusi nethusi ukuze kusizwe ukuqonda ukuthi insimbi ngayinye ifaneleka nini ukusetshenziswa ezinsimbi zomculo.
1. Ukwakheka okuyisisekelo kanye nomlingiswa
Ithusi ngokuvamile liyingxubevange yethusi (Cu) kanye ne-zinc (Zn). Isilinganiso sethusi ne-zinc singahluka kuye ngohlobo lwethusi olusetshenziswayo—uma okuqukethwe kwethusi kuphakeme, umbala uba bomvu kakhulu futhi izakhiwo “zifudumala” kakhulu; uma okuqukethwe kwe-zinc kuphakeme, umbala uba phuzi kakhulu futhi insimbi ingaba nzima futhi ithambile ezinqubweni ezithile.
Okwamanje, ithusi ngokuvamile liyingxubevange yethusi (Cu) kanye nethini (Sn), yize ezinye izinhlobo zesimanje zingangeza ezinye izinto ezifana ne-phosphorus, i-aluminium, noma i-silicon ukuze kuthuthukiswe izakhiwo ezithile. Ithusi laziwa ngokuba lukhuni futhi livame ukuba nokumelana okuhle nokugqwala, futhi lithandwa njengezinto eziyinhloko zezinhlobo ezahlukene zama-cymbal, izinsimbi, kanye nezingxenye eziningana zezinsimbi.
Ngamafuphi: ithusi lisho ukuthi “ithusi” futhi livame kakhulu ezindizeni zomoya, kuyilapho ithusi lisho ukuthi “ithusi” futhi livame kakhulu ezindizeni zokushaya zensimbi ezifana nama-cymbals.
2. Izakhiwo zemishini: ubulukhuni, ukuqina, kanye nokuqina
Kuzinsimbi zomculo, izakhiwo zemishini zibaluleke njengokwakheka kwamakhemikhali. Ithusi ngokuvamile lihamba phambili ekubunjweni. Lokhu kubalulekile enqubweni yokukhiqiza izinsimbi zomoya—isibonelo, insimbi edinga ukwakheka ibe amapayipi, izinsimbi, noma izingxenye ezidinga ukudweba nokugoba ngokunemba. Ithusi futhi kulula ukulihlanganisa noma ukulifaka nge-bras ngesikhathi sokuhlanganiswa.
Ithusi livame ukuba nzima futhi lingagugi, kodwa inqubo yokubumba ingaba nzima kakhulu kuye ngokuthi hlobo luni. Kwezinye izinhlelo zokusebenza, lobu bulukhuni empeleni bunenzuzo, njengoba buyivumela ukuthi igcine isimo sayo kanye nokuqina komshini ngaphansi kokudlidliza okuphindaphindiwe. Ngakho-ke, ithusi livame ukukhethwa ngama-cymbals nama-bell abhekana nokudlidliza okukhulu kanye nemijikelezo yomthelela; uhlobo lwayo "lokuqina" kanye nokuqina kusiza izinsimbi ukuthi zikwazi ukumelana nokusetshenziswa kakhulu, yize lokhu kusancike ekhwalithini ye-alloy kanye nendlela yokukhiqiza.
Ngokuphathelene nokumelana nokugqwala, zombili zinhle kakhulu, njengoba zisekelwe ethusini. Kodwa-ke, ithusi livame ukuba nedumela lokuba namandla kakhulu ezindaweni ezimbi kakhulu (njengomswakama ophezulu), nakuba kukhulunywa ngezinsimbi zomculo—ezivame ukugcinwa futhi zigcinwe ngaphakathi—umehluko awuvamile ukuba mkhulu uma unakekelwa kahle.
3. Uhlamvu lomsindo kanye nempendulo ye-acoustic
Omunye wemibuzo emikhulu: ithusi vs. ithusi liwuthinta kanjani umsindo?
Ezintweni zomculo zethusi, umsindo uthonywa yizici eziningi: ukwakheka kwembobo, ubukhulu bodonga, ukuma kwensimbi, ikhwalithi yokuxhumana, ngisho nomlomo. Izinto zidlala indima, kodwa ngokuvamile akuyona yodwa into enqumayo. Kodwa-ke, ithusi ngokuvamile lihlotshaniswa nomsindo okhanyayo, ophendulayo, nokhalayo—ikakhulukazi ezintweni zomculo ezifana necilongo, i-trombone, uphondo, noma i-tuba. Abadlali abaningi bathola ukuthi ithusi linikeza ibhalansi enhle phakathi kokuzwakala komsindo kanye nokuphendula.
Ithusi, uma lisetshenziswa ezingxenyeni ezithile (isb., izinsimbi kweminye imiklamo ekhethekile, noma izingxenye zezinsimbi zomculo ezithile), livame ukuhlotshaniswa nomlingiswa omnyama, oyinkimbinkimbi kanye nemisindo ecebile. Kodwa-ke, lokhu kuqonda kungathonywa kakhulu ukujiya kwezinto, inqubo yokubopha, kanye nokuqedwa kwazo.
Ezintweni zomculo ezishaywayo ezifana nama-cymbal, ithonya lezinto ezibonakalayo libonakala kakhulu. Ithusi—uhlobo oluvame ukusetshenziswa kuma-cymbal, isibonelo—laziwa ngokukhiqiza i-harmonic spectrum eyinkimbinkimbi, i-rich sustain, kanye ne-wide dynamics. Ngenxa yalokhu, ama-cymbal amaningi ochwepheshe asebenzisa ithusi njengendinganiso. Ithusi liphinde lisetshenziswe kuma-cymbal (ikakhulukazi lawo aqalayo noma asezingeni lokuqala), kodwa livame ukubhekwa njengelinomsindo olula, i-sustain emfushane, kanye nobunzima obukhulu be-overtone—yize lokhu kuthonywa nayindlela yokukhiqiza kanye nobukhulu be-cymbal.
4. Ukusetshenziswa okuvamile kwezinsimbi zomculo
Ithusi lihlotshaniswa kakhulu nomndeni wezinsimbi zomculo ze-brasswind: icilongo, i-cornet, i-trombone, i-euphonium, i-tuba, nabanye. Nakuba kunezinhlobonhlobo zokuqeda njenge-lacquer, i-silver-plated, noma i-gold-plated, izinto eziyisisekelo zivame ukuhlala ziyithusi ngoba kulula ukulikhiqiza ngesimo sepayipi neshidi, futhi izindleko zalo zingabizi kakhulu kunezinye izinhlobo zezinsimbi.
Ithusi livame kakhulu ku:
– Ama-cymbal (hi-hat, crash, ride, splash)
– Izinsimbi noma ama-chime (kufaka phakathi izinsimbi zomculo ezizwakalayo njengezinsimbi zesandla)
- Izingxenye ezithile ezidinga ukuzinza kokudlidliza kanye namandla ezinto ezibonakalayo
Iqiniso elithakazelisayo: "Izinsimbi zomculo zethusi" akusho ngaso sonke isikhathi ukuthi zenziwe ngethusi elimsulwa; leli gama libhekisela kakhulu kuzinsimbi zomculo ezivunguzayo ezinezimbobo zomlomo ezimise okwendebe. Kodwa-ke, embonini, iningi lalezi zinsimbi zenziwe ngethusi ngenxa yokukhiqiza kwazo okufanele kanye nezici zomsindo.
5. Inqubo yokukhiqiza kanye nezindleko
Ngokuphathelene nokukhiqizwa ngobuningi, ithusi livame ukuba ngcono ngoba:
- Kulula ukuyibumba nokusebenza ngayo
- Kulula kakhulu ezinqubweni zokukhiqiza njengokugoba, ukudweba, kanye nokunamathisela i-solder
- Ngokuvamile kushibhile kakhulu ekukhiqizeni ngobuningi obukhulu
Ithusi—ikakhulukazi lama-cymbal—livame ukuhilela izinqubo ezigcizelela ikhwalithi yomsindo, njengokuphotha, ukugingqa, ukubhoboza, kanye nokugoqa. Lezi zinqubo zingadinga ikhono eliphezulu kanye nokulawulwa kwekhwalithi okuqinile, okubangela intengo ephezulu yokugcina. Yingakho ama-cymbal amaningi ethusi asezingeni lobuchwepheshe ebiza kakhulu kunama-cymbal ethusi aqalayo.
Kodwa kubalulekile ukuqaphela: intengo ayigcini nje ngezinto zokwakha; indlela yokukhiqiza, uhlobo, kanye nekhwalithi yokuqeda nakho kunethonya elikhulu.
6. Ukunakekelwa nokuguga
Zombili izinsimbi zingakha i-patina ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Ezintweni zomoya, ithusi livame ukuvikelwa nge-lacquer noma i-plating ukuvimbela i-oxidation nokugcina ukubukeka kwalo. Uma i-lacquer iphela, ithusi lingaphenduka umbala futhi lidinge ukuhlanzwa njalo.
Kuma-cymbal ethusi, i-patina ivame ukuba yingxenye yobuntu bawo. Abadlali abaningi bavumela ama-cymbal ukuthi "aguge" ngoba i-patina ingathinta ithoni (ngokuvamile ibhekwa njengebushelelezi noma emnyama). Kodwa-ke, ukuhlanza kusabalulekile uma ukugqwala noma ukungcola kuphazamisa impendulo ye-cymbal noma kubeka ingozi yomonakalo wesikhathi eside.
7. Yikuphi okungcono?
Ayikho impendulo eyodwa. "Kungcono" kuncike kakhulu ohlotsheni lwensimbi kanye nezidingo zakho zomculo.
– Uma ufuna into efanelekile yezinsimbi zomculo ezivunguzayo enenqubo yokukhiqiza ephumelelayo, impendulo enhle, kanye nekhwalithi yomsindo evivinywe amakhulu eminyaka, ithusi ngokuvamile liyisinqumo sokuqala.
– Uma ugxila ekushayweni kwensimbi okufana nama-cymbal futhi ufuna ukuba yinkimbinkimbi kakhulu, ububanzi obuguquguqukayo, kanye nohlamvu lomsindo olucebile, ithusi livame ukuba yindinganiso ethandwayo.
Kubaculi, isinqumo esingcono kakhulu ngokuvamile asimayelana "nethusi noma ithusi," kodwa kunalokho mayelana nokuklama izinsimbi zomculo, ikhwalithi yokwakha, injongo yomculo, kanye nezintandokazi ze-sound. Izinsimbi zomculo ezimbili ezenziwe ngezinto ezifanayo zingazwakala zihlukile kakhulu uma inqubo yokukhiqiza kanye nomklamo kuhlukile.
Isiphetho
Ithusi kanye nethusi kokubili kuyizinto ezisekelwe ethusini, kodwa ziyahlukahluka ngokwakheka, izakhiwo zemishini, izinqubo zokukhiqiza, kanye nezici ze-sonic. Ithusi lihamba phambili ngokulula kwalo kokuma futhi livame kakhulu eziculweni zomoya, kuyilapho ithusi lihamba phambili ngobunzima balo be-sonic kanye nokuqina kwezinhlelo zokusebenza ze-percussion njenge-cymbals kanye nezinsimbi. Ekugcineni, ukukhetha izinto ezinhle kakhulu kuncike kulokho okufanelana kahle nezidingo zakho zomculo, isitayela sokudlala, kanye nomongo wokusetshenziswa—kungakhathaliseki ukuthi kuse-studio, esiteji, noma ekusebenzeni kwansuku zonke.
Uma ungathanda, ngingaguqula lesi sihloko sibe yinguqulo yobuchwepheshe (isib. ukuxoxa ngezibonelo zezingoma ze-alloy kanye nemiphumela yazo ekuqineni kwezwi), noma inguqulo ewusizo kakhulu yomhlahlandlela wokukhetha ama-cymbal/izinsimbi zomculo ngokusekelwe kuhlobo lomculo.
