Isihloko: Indawo Yezinkanyezi Yase-Indonesia: Ithonya Nomthelela
I-Pendahuluan
I-Indonesia, eyaziwa njengezwe elikhulu kunawo wonke emhlabeni eliyi-archipelago, ijabulela indawo ehlelekile edlula enkabazwe. Uma kuxoxwa ngendawo yezwe, kuvame ukuxoxwa ngezici ezimbili ezibalulekile: indawo yezinkanyezi kanye nendawo yezindawo. Kulesi sihloko, sizogxila endaweni yezinkanyezi yase-Indonesia kanye nomthelela wayo ezicini ezahlukene, okuhlanganisa isimo sezulu, impilo yezenhlalo nezomnotho, kanye nokuhlukahluka kwezinto eziphilayo.
Indawo Yezinkanyezi yase-Indonesia
Ngokwezinkanyezi, indawo yesifunda inqunywa yi-latitude kanye ne-longitude yaso. I-Indonesia iphakathi kwama-degree angu-6 North Latitude (N) kanye nama-degree angu-11 South Latitude (S), kanye nama-degree angu-95 East Longitude (E) kanye nama-degree angu-141 East Longitude. Lesi sikhundla sibeka i-Indonesia ezindaweni ezishisayo, okusho ukuthi iningi lendawo yayo liseduze ne-equator.
Ithonya Lendawo Yezinkanyezi Esimweni Sezulu
Enye yethonya elibaluleke kakhulu lendawo yase-Indonesia enezinkanyezi yisimo sezulu sayo. Ngenxa yendawo yayo eshisayo, i-Indonesia ibhekana nezinkathi ezimbili eziyinhloko: isikhathi semvula kanye nesomiso. Isikhathi semvula sivame ukuba khona kusukela ngo-Okthoba kuya ku-Ephreli, kanti isikhathi somiso sihlala kusukela ngoMeyi kuya kuSepthemba. Lokhu kungenxa yokuhamba kwemimoya yemvula, ethonywa yi-latitude yase-Indonesia.
Indawo yase-Indonesia ezindaweni ezishisayo isho nokuthi ithola ilanga elanele unyaka wonke. Lokhu kuholela emazingeni okushisa ajwayelekile ezindaweni eziningi eziphakathi kwama-degree Celsius angama-25 nama-27. Lezi zimo zisekela izitshalo eziminyene futhi zenza i-Indonesia ibe ngelinye lamazwe anezinhlobo eziningi zezinto eziphilayo emhlabeni.
Umthelela Ezinhlobonhlobo Zezinto Eziphilayo
Indawo yase-Indonesia inegalelo elikhulu ezinhlobonhlobo zayo eziningi zezinto eziphilayo. Amahlathi emvula aminyene asezindaweni ezishisayo ayikhaya lezinhlobo zezitshalo nezilwane eziningi, eziningi zazo ezitholakala kalula, noma ezingatholakali kwenye indawo emhlabeni. I-Indonesia ineziqhingi ezingaba ngu-17.000, ngasinye sinendawo yaso eyingqayizivele ekhuthaza ukuhlukahlukana kwezinhlobo. Ezinye izinhlobo ezaziwayo ezitholakala kalula e-Indonesia zifaka phakathi ama-orangutan aseBornean naseSumatran, obhejane baseJavan, kanye nodrako waseKomodo, otholakala esiqhingini saseKomodo.
Lokhu kuhlukahluka kwezinto eziphilayo akubalulekile nje kuphela ngokombono wezemvelo, kodwa futhi nangokwezenhlalo nangokwezomnotho. Imiphakathi eminingi yendawo ithembele ezintweni zemvelo ukuze iziphilele, futhi lokhu kuhlukahluka kunikeza amandla ocwaningo, ezokuvakasha kwezemvelo kanye nomkhakha wezokwelapha.
Ithonya Empilweni Yezenhlalo Nezomnotho
Indawo yase-Indonesia enezinkanyezi kanye neziqhingi ezinkulu kuthonya impilo yayo yezenhlalo nezomnotho. Okokuqala, indawo yayo ehlelekile phakathi kwamazwekazi amabili (i-Asia ne-Australia) kanye nezilwandle ezimbili (i-Indian nePacific Oceans) kwenza i-Indonesia ibe yindlela ebalulekile yokuhweba ngamazwe. Kusukela ezikhathini zasendulo, i-Indonesia ibilokhu iyisikhungo sokuhweba ngezinongo, futhi namuhla, imigwaqo yayo, njenge-Strait of Malacca, iyaqhubeka nokuba yimizila yemikhumbi ematasa kakhulu emhlabeni.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, isimo sezulu esishisayo sinikeza amathuba abalulekile emkhakheni wezolimo, wokutshala, kanye nokudoba. Imikhiqizo yezolimo efana nelayisi, uwoyela wesundu, ikhofi, kanye ne-cocoa iyimpahla engcono kakhulu ekhiqizwa ngenxa yezimo zezulu ezinhle. Indawo yase-Indonesia, evumela isikhathi sokutshala sonyaka wonke, inikeza izinzuzo ezengeziwe emkhakheni wezolimo.
Ngokombono wezenhlalo, ukwehlukahlukana kwamasiko ase-Indonesia nakho kuthonywa yindawo okuyo. Iziqhingi zayo ezinkulu ziveze izinkulungwane zamaqembu ezinhlanga nezilimi ezahlukene, okwenza i-Indonesia ibe ngelinye lamazwe ahlukene kakhulu emhlabeni.
Izinselelo Namathuba
Nakuba indawo yase-Indonesia etholakala ngezinkanyezi inikeza izinzuzo eziningi, ibhekene nezinselele. Enye inkinga enjalo ukushintsha kwesimo sezulu emhlabeni wonke, okuthinta amaphethini nesimo sezulu kanye nezinkathi zonyaka e-Indonesia, okuholela ezikhukhuleni ezivame kakhulu, isomiso, kanye nemililo yamahlathi. Ukusondela kwe-Indonesia enkabazwe nakho kuyenza ibe sengozini yezehlakalo zesimo sezulu esibi njengeziphepho zasezindaweni ezishisayo.
Kodwa-ke, yonke inselelo iletha namathuba. Ukuqwashisa ngokubaluleka kokulondolozwa kwemvelo kanye nokunciphisa ukuguquka kwesimo sezulu kuyanda. I-Indonesia inethuba lokuba ngumholi ekuthuthukisweni kwamandla avuselelekayo, ngenxa yokukhanya kwelanga kwayo unyaka wonke kanye namandla okushisa komhlaba.
Isiphetho
Indawo yase-Indonesia enezinkanyezi iyisici esibalulekile esakha izici zayo ezihlukile. Ngokuqonda indawo yayo kanye nethonya layo, i-Indonesia ingasebenzisa izinzuzo zayo kahle futhi inqobe izinselele ezikhona. Izifundo zezinkanyezi zinikeza i-Indonesia amathuba okuthuthukiswa komnotho ngesikhathi esifanayo zilondoloza futhi zilondoloza ingcebo yayo yemvelo kanye namasiko izinkulungwane zeminyaka. Njengoba sibhekene nekusasa, ukuqonda okujulile indawo yayo kanye nezinzuzo zayo kuzobeka isisekelo sentuthuko esimeme yase-Indonesia.
