Ukwelulekwa Ku-inthanethi: Ingabe Kuyasebenza?
Ukwelulekwa ku-inthanethi kuyintuthuko ebalulekile kwezengqondo kanye nempilo yengqondo kulesi sikhathi sedijithali. Njengoba ukwanda kokutholakala kokufinyelela ku-inthanethi kanye nobuchwepheshe, ukwelashwa, okwakunqunyelwe ezifundweni zobuso nobuso ngaphambilini, manje kungatholakala kunoma yikuphi futhi nganoma yisiphi isikhathi. Kodwa-ke, umbuzo ovame ukubuzwa uwukuthi, "Ingabe ukwelulekwa ku-inthanethi kusebenza ngempela?" Lesi sihloko sizohlola ngokugcwele ukusebenza kokwelulekwa ku-inthanethi ngokusekelwe ezifundweni ezahlukahlukene kanye nokuhlangenwe nakho okusebenzayo.
Isingeniso Sokwelulekwa Kwe-inthanethi
Ukwelulekwa ku-inthanethi, noma ukwelulekwa nge-elekthronikhi, kuyindlela yokwelulekwa okwenziwa nge-inthanethi kusetshenziswa amapulatifomu ahlukahlukene njengezingcingo zevidiyo, ingxoxo, i-imeyili, noma ngisho nezinhlelo zokusebenza ezikhethekile. Lokhu kuvumela abelaphi namakhasimende ukuthi basebenzisane ngaphandle kokuba sendaweni efanayo. Izinsizakalo zokwelulekwa ku-inthanethi zingasukela kumaseshini ngamanye kanye nokwelashwa kwemibhangqwana kuya ekwelulekweni kweqembu.
Izinzuzo Zokwelulekwa Ku-inthanethi
1. Ukufinyeleleka
Enye yezinzuzo eziyinhloko zokwelulekwa nge-inthanethi ukufinyeleleka kalula. Abantu abaningi abahlala ezindaweni ezikude noma abangenayo ukufinyelela okulula kwezinsizakalo zempilo yengqondo bangazuza ekwelulekweni nge-inthanethi. Lokhu kuzuzisa nalabo abanokukhubazeka okulinganiselwe kokuhamba noma okulinganiselwe ngokomzimba okwenza kube nzima ukufika ehhovisi likadokotela wezokwelapha.
2. Ukuzivumelanisa Nezimo Kwesikhathi
Ngokwelulekwa okuku-inthanethi, amaklayenti kanye nabelaphi bangahlela izikhathi zokwelapha ngezikhathi eziguquguqukayo. Lokhu kuvumela labo abanezinhlelo zomsebenzi ezimatasa noma imithwalo yemfanelo yomndeni ukuthi basathole izinsizakalo zokwelapha ngaphandle kokudela esinye isikhathi esibalulekile.
3. Ukunethezeka kanye Nobumfihlo
Amakhasimende amaningi azizwa ekhululekile kakhulu ukuvuleka endaweni yawo, njengasekhaya. Lokhu kungenza inqubo yokwelapha isebenze kangcono ngoba amakhasimende azizwa ephephile futhi ubumfihlo bawo buvikelwe kangcono.
4. Ukusetshenziswa Kahle Kwezindleko
Ukwelulekwa ku-inthanethi kuvame ukubiza kancane kunokwelulekwa ubuso nobuso ngoba kunciphisa izindleko zokuhamba futhi ngezinye izikhathi izindleko zeseshini uqobo. Amanye amapulatifomu anikeza namaphakheji okubhalisela angasiza amakhasimende ukuthi onge imali eningi.
5. Ukukhetha Okubanzi Kwabelaphi
Ngokwelulekwa okuku-inthanethi, amaklayenti anokufinyelela kubelaphi abavela emhlabeni wonke. Lokhu kubavumela ukuthi bathole umelaphi ofanelana ngempela nezidingo zabo, kokubili ngobuchwepheshe kanye nendlela yokwelapha.
Imikhawulo Yokwelulekwa Ku-inthanethi
1. Ubuthakathaka Bobuchwepheshe
Enye yezinselele ezinkulu zokwelulekwa ku-inthanethi yizinkinga zobuchwepheshe ezifana nokuxhumeka kwe-inthanethi okungazinzile noma imishini enganele. Lezi zinkinga zobuchwepheshe zingaphazamisa iseshini yokwelapha futhi zinciphise ukusebenza kwayo.
2. Ukuntuleka Kokuba Khona Ngokwemvelo
Ukuxhumana kwabantu ubuso nobuso kufaka phakathi izinto ezingezona ezomlomo ezibalulekile enkambisweni yokwelapha, njengolimi lomzimba kanye nokubonakaliswa kobuso. Nakuba izingcingo zevidiyo zingaveza ezinye zalezi zinto, kusenemikhawulo endleleni imizwa nemizwa eziqondakala ngayo ngokugcwele.
3. Ukuphepha Kwedatha Nobumfihlo
Nakuba amapulatifomu amaningi okwelulekwa ku-inthanethi afakwe ukubethela nezinye izici zokuphepha, ingozi yokwephulwa kwedatha isalokhu ikhona. Ubumfihlo kanye nobumfihlo bolwazi lweklayenti kumele kugcinwe ngokuqinile, futhi lokhu kudinga umuzwa oqinile wokwethemba ipulatifomu yobuchwepheshe esetshenziswayo.
4. Ukuphathwa Kwezinkinga
Ezimweni eziphuthumayo noma zenhlekelele, ukwelulekwa ku-inthanethi kungase kungasebenzi kahle kunokwelulekwa mathupha. Odokotela bezokwelapha abangekho endaweni efanayo bangase babe nobunzima ekuhlinzekeni ngokungenelela okudingekayo ezimweni ezidinga impendulo esheshayo neqondile.
Ucwaningo Ngokusebenza Kahle Kokwelulekwa Ku-inthanethi
Kuye kwenziwa izifundo eziningi ukuze kuhlolwe ukusebenza kahle kokwelulekwa online. Ukuhlaziywa kwe-meta okwanyatheliswa kuyi-Journal of Affective Disorders (2019) kubonise ukuthi ukwelulekwa online kungaba yimpumelelo njengokwelulekwa ubuso nobuso ekwelapheni izinkinga ezahlukene zempilo yengqondo njengokucindezeleka, ukukhathazeka, kanye ne-PTSD. Lolu cwaningo luqoqe idatha evela ezifundweni ezahlukene ezibonisa ukuthi ukungenelela online kunikeza imiphumela efanayo nokwelashwa okuvamile.
Olunye ucwaningo olwanyatheliswa kuyi-Journal of Telemedicine and Telecare (2020) luthole ukuthi ukwelulekwa ku-inthanethi kukhiqize imiphumela emihle neyanelisayo kumakhasimende amaningi, ikakhulukazi lapho kusetshenziswa amapulatifomu evidiyo avumela ukuxhumana ubuso nobuso okubonakalayo. Amakhasimende abike ukuthi azizwa exhumene kakhulu nabelaphi bawo futhi ethola ukwaneliseka okufanayo nokwelulekwa kwendabuko.
Kodwa-ke, ucwaningo luphinde lubonise ukuthi impumelelo yokwelulekwa online ivame ukuxhomeka ohlotsheni lwenkinga exazululwayo. Izinkinga eziyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu noma lezo ezidinga ukungenelela kwezokwelapha zingadinga indlela ehlanganisiwe ehilela imihlangano yobuso nobuso.
Isiphetho
Ngokusekelwe ezinzuzweni nasemingceleni eyahlukahlukene, kanye nemiphumela yocwaningo ekhona, kungaphethwa ngokuthi ukwelulekwa online kuyindlela evumelekile nephumelelayo kubantu abaningi. Ukusebenza kahle kokwelulekwa online kuncike kakhulu ezidingweni zomuntu ngamunye, uhlobo lwenkinga exazululwayo, kanye nekhwalithi yokuxhumana phakathi kweklayenti nomelaphi.
Kulabo abanokufinyelela okulinganiselwe ezinsizeni zobuso nobuso noma abazizwa bekhululekile kakhulu ngamapulatifomu edijithali, ukwelulekwa okuku-inthanethi kungaba yisisombululo esiwusizo kakhulu. Kodwa-ke, kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuthi akusona isisombululo esijwayelekile sazo zonke izimo zempilo yengqondo. Ukubambisana kanye nokuhlolwa komuntu ngamunye ngabelaphi kubalulekile ukuze kunqunywe indlela yokwelapha efanele kakhulu.
Ekugcineni, ukwelulekwa, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi kwenziwa ku-inthanethi noma mathupha, kunomgomo ofanayo: ukusiza abantu ukuba bafinyelele inhlalakahle yengqondo. Ngokuqhubeka kwentuthuko yobuchwepheshe kanye nezindlela zokwenza ukwelulekwa nge-elekthronikhi, kunethemba lokuthi ikhwalithi kanye nokufinyeleleka kwalezi zinsizakalo kuzoqhubeka nokuthuthuka, kunikeze amathuba engeziwe kubantu okuthola ukwesekwa kwengqondo abakudingayo.
Ireferensi:
1. Andersson, G., Carlbring, P., & Hadjistavropoulos, H.D. (2019). Ukwelashwa kokuziphatha kwengqondo okusekelwe ku-inthanethi kokucindezeleka okukhulu: Isivivinyo esilawulwa ngokungahleliwe. Ijenali Yezinkinga Zokuthinteka, 213, 76-84.
2. Gentry, MT, Lapid, MI, Rummans, TA (2019). I-telepsychiatry Yasebekhulile: Ukubuyekezwa okuhlelekile kanye nempendulo ezinseleleni zokunakekelwa kwempilo ezivelayo. I-Clinical Gerontologist, 42(2), 220-230.
3. Richards, D., & Richardson, T. (2012). Ukwelashwa kwengqondo okusekelwe kukhompyutha kokucindezeleka: Ukubuyekezwa okuhlelekile kanye nokuhlaziywa kwe-meta. Ukubuyekezwa Kwe-Clinical Psychology, 32(4), 329-342.
