Ubuchwepheshe Bamuva Bokunamathisela Okushisa Kwamakhompyutha Edeskithophu
Ezweni lekhompyutha yedeskithophu, izingxoxo zokusebenza zivame ukuzungeza amaprosesa, amakhadi ehluzo, kanye nesivinini sememori. Kodwa-ke, kunengxenye encane eyodwa evame ukunganakwa, naphezu komthelela wayo obalulekile ekuzinzeni nasekuphileni kwesikhathi: i-thermal paste. I-thermal paste iyinto eqhuba ukushisa ebekwe phakathi kwendawo yeprosesa (IHS/Integrated Heat Spreader) kanye ne-heatsink/cooler ukugcwalisa ama-micro-gap angabonakali. Lawa ma-micro-gap, uma eshiywa egcwele umoya, asebenza njengesivikelo sokushisa. Ngenxa yalokho, amazinga okushisa e-CPU ayakhuphuka, amafeni ajikeleza ngokushesha, umsindo wesistimu uyakhuphuka, futhi ukusebenza kungancipha ngenxa yokugoba.
Njengoba ama-TDP eprosesa kanye nezitayela zokusebenzisa i-overclocking zanda, ubuchwepheshe be-thermal paste nabo buyashintsha. Abakhiqizi abagcini nje ngokuphishekela ukuguquguquka okuphezulu kokushisa, kodwa futhi nokuqina kwesikhathi eside, ukuzinza kokujikeleza kokushisa, ukulula kokusetshenziswa, kanye nokuphepha kwezinto ezibonakalayo. Lesi sihloko sixoxa ngentuthuko yakamuva ku-desktop thermal paste, izinto ezintsha ezahlukahlukene, kanye nendlela yokukhetha efanele izidingo zakho.
Kungani i-Thermal Paste Ibaluleke Kakhulu?
Ama-CPU anamuhla afaka imiklamo ye-chiplet, ubuningi be-transistor obuphezulu, kanye namaphethini omsebenzi ashintsha ngokushesha. Amazinga okushisa angashintshashintsha kakhulu ngemizuzwana embalwa—isibonelo, lapho kudlala imidlalo, kukhishwa, noma kuhlanganiswa. Le mijikelezo yokushisa idinga i-thermal paste ephikisana "nokukhipha i-pump," into lapho i-paste ikhishwa khona endaweni yokuxhumana ngenxa yokwanda nokuncipha okuphindaphindiwe. Uma kwenzeka i-pump-out, ukusebenza kokupholisa kuyaphazamiseka, ngisho noma kune-cooler yekhwalithi ephezulu.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, abasebenzisi abaningi bedeskithophu basebenzisa ama-cooler e-AIO liquid, ama-heatsink amakhulu, noma izinhlelo ezinezingcindezi ezithile zokufaka. Ama-paste anamuhla kumele akwazi ukusebenza kahle ngaphansi kwezingcindezi zokufaka ezihlukahlukene futhi ahlale eqinile isikhathi eside.
Amathrendi Obuchwepheshe Bokunamathisela Okushisa Kwamuva
1. Ifomula Engaqhubi Iphephile Kakhulu, Kodwa Isenamandla
Esikhathini esidlule, i-thermal paste esebenza kahle kakhulu yayivame ukuhlotshaniswa nezinto ezingase ziqhube ugesi (isb., eziqukethe insimbi noma izinhlayiya ezithile). Manje, abakhiqizi abaningi bakha ama-paste angaqhubeki kagesi asanikeza ukusebenza okuphezulu kokushisa. Lokhu kubalulekile ukunciphisa ingozi yama-short circuits uma i-paste ifakwe kakhulu futhi ithintana nezingxenye ezincane ezizungeze isokhethi.
Izinto ezintsha zitholakala ngokwakhiwa kwezinhlayiya ze-ceramic, carbon, noma polymer ezinezigcwalisi ezithuthukisa usayizi wezinhlayiya kanye nokusatshalaliswa kwazo. Umphumela uba unamathisela oluhlala lulula ukuwusakaza futhi olungajiyile kakhulu, kodwa oluqhuba ukushisa ngempumelelo enkulu.
2. Ama-Nanoparticles kanye Nokusatshalaliswa Kosayizi Okunembile Kakhulu
Enye intuthuko enkulu ukusetshenziswa kwama-nanoparticles kanye nokulawula ukusatshalaliswa kosayizi wezinhlayiya. I-thermal paste isebenza njenge-"bridge" egcwalisa ukungapheleli kobuso. Uma ubukhulu bezinhlayiya buqondile, i-paste ingagcwalisa kangcono izikhala ezincane ngaphandle kokudala izikhala zomoya.
Ubuchwepheshe bamuva buvame ukuhlanganisa osayizi bezinhlayiya eziningi (ukusatshalaliswa kwezindlela eziningi). Izinhlayiya ezinkulu zigcwalisa igumbi eliyinhloko, kuyilapho izinhlayiya ezincane zigcwalisa izikhala phakathi kwazo. Leli cebo lisiza ekuthuthukiseni ukuxhumana kokushisa futhi linciphise izinguquko zokusebenza ezinyangeni eziningana zokusetshenziswa.
3. Ukuthambekela Okulungiselelwe Kokusebenza Okulula Nokuhambisanayo
Abasebenzisi bedeskithophu bavame ukukhetha izitayela ezahlukene zohlelo lokusebenza: indlela ethi "pea", indlela ethi "line", indlela ethi "X", noma i-sprey encane. Ama-paste amaningi anamuhla aklanyelwe ukuba aqine ngaphansi kwalezi zindlela ezahlukene. Abakhiqizi balungisa i-viscosity ukuze i-paste ingagelezi kalula uma ishisa, kodwa futhi ibe nkulu kangangokuthi kunzima ukuyisakazeka lapho i-heatsink icindezelwa.
Eminye yemikhiqizo yakamuva ibeka phambili amakhono “okuzisakazela” ngaphansi kwengcindezi yokufaka, okuholela emiphumeleni yokusetshenziswa ehambisanayo ngisho nakubaqalayo.
4. Ukumelana Okungcono Kokupompa Nokumisa
Izitha ezimbili ezinkulu ze-thermal paste yi-pump-out kanye ne-dry-out. Izizukulwane ezindala ze-paste zingaqina ngemva kokuchayeka isikhathi eside ekushiseni, okuphazamisa ukudluliselwa kokushisa futhi kwenze kube nzima ukuhlanza. Amafomula amaningi manje afaka iziqinisi zokusiza i-paste ukuthi ihlale imanzi isikhathi eside ngaphandle kokuba igeleze kakhulu.
Lokhu kuthuthuka kubonakala kakhulu kuma-desktop avame ukubhekana nemithwalo ephezulu noma amazinga okushisa ashisayo egumbi. I-paste engaphumi igcina izinga lokushisa elihambisanayo futhi idinga ukushintshwa okuncane njalo.
5. Izinto Zokuxhumana Ezishintsha Isigaba (i-PCM)
Ngaphezu kwama-paste avamile, ama-PCM (izinto zokushintsha isigaba) aya ngokuya ethandwa kakhulu ngabasebenzisi abafuna ukuhambisana kwesikhathi eside. Ama-PCM eza ngesimo sama-pads noma ama-paste athambisayo emazingeni okushisa athile futhi agcwalise izikhala ezincane kahle, bese eqina futhi uma epholile. Izinzuzo ukuzinza kanye nokusetshenziswa okuhlanzekile. Okubi: ngezinye izikhathi adinga imijikelezo eminingi yokushisa ukuze afinyelele ukusebenza okuhle, futhi angabiza kakhulu.
Kuma-desktop, i-PCM ifanele abasebenzisi abafuna "ukuyixhuma kanye, bayisebenzise unomphela", ikakhulukazi ezinhlelweni ezingavami ukuhlukaniswa.
6. I-Liquid Metal (LM) iyaziwa kakhulu, kodwa isalokhu inezingozi.
Izinsimbi eziwuketshezi ezifana nama-alloy e-gallium zinikeza ukushisa okuphezulu kakhulu futhi zinganciphisa amazinga okushisa kakhulu kunezinhlayiya ezivamile, ikakhulukazi ngaphansi kwemithwalo esindayo. Kodwa-ke, lobu buchwepheshe busabhekwa njengobuchwepheshe "obukhethekile" ngoba:
– Ihambisa ugesi (ingozi yokujikeleza okufushane).
– Ingasabela nge-aluminium (ukugqwala), ngakho-ke ilungele ukusetshenziswa nezindawo ezimbozwe ngethusi/nickel.
– Izinhlelo zokusebenza kumele ziqaphele kakhulu, ngokuvamile zidinga ukuhlukanisa indawo ezungeze i-CPU.
Kuma-desktop, insimbi ewuketshezi ivame ukusetshenziswa ngabathandi bezinhlelo zokusebenzisa ngokweqile noma zokusebenza ngokweqile. Kubasebenzisi abajwayelekile, i-paste yesimanje engadingi ugesi ifanele ngokuphelele futhi iphephile kakhulu.
Indlela Yokukhetha I-Thermal Paste Yakamuva Yama-Desktops
1. Beka phambili ukuzinza, hhayi izinombolo ze-W/mK kuphela
Izibalo zokushisa ezikuphakheji azibonisi njalo ukusebenza kwangempela. Okubaluleke kakhulu ukuthi i-paste ibambelela kanjani emijikelezweni yokushisa, ukuthi kulula yini ukuyikhipha, nokuthi imiphumela ihambisana kangakanani.
2. Lungisa ukuze uyisebenzise:
– Imidlalo kanye nokusetshenziswa kwansuku zonke: i-paste yekhwalithi ephezulu, engadingi ukuhanjiswa kwegesi futhi eqinile ilungele kakhulu.
– Ukukhiqiza/ukubala okunzima isikhathi eside: khetha i-paste eyaziwa ngokuthi ayishisi futhi isebenza kahle emazingeni okushisa aphezulu.
– Ukugqobhoza ngokweqile: insimbi noma i-paste ewuketshezi esebenza kahle kakhulu, uma nje uqonda izingozi.
3. Cabanga ngokulula kokusetshenziswa nokuhlanza
Inhlama ejiyile kakhulu ingenza kube nzima ukuyisebenzisa, kanti egeleza kakhulu ingasakazeka kalula. Uma uyisebenzisa ekhaya, khetha elinganiselayo futhi okulula ukuyihlanza nge-isopropyl alcohol.
Imikhuba Yokufaka Esekela Ukusebenza Kokunamathisela Okushisayo
Ngisho nobuchwepheshe bokunamathisela obuhle kakhulu bungahluleka uma bufakwe kabi. Qiniseka ukuthi:
– Izindawo ze-CPU kanye ne-heatsink zihlanzekile (azinawo uthuli kanye nezinsalela).
– Sebenzisa inani elifanele lokunamathisela—okuningi kakhulu kungavimbela ukuthintana, okuncane kakhulu kushiya izikhala.
– Faka i-heatsink ngokucindezela okulinganayo bese uqinisa izikulufu ngendlela ephambene uma kungenzeka.
– Qapha izinga lokushisa ngemva kokufakwa (ukungasebenzi nokulayisha) ukuqinisekisa ukuthi imiphumela ijwayelekile.
Isiphetho
I-thermal paste ingase ibonakale iyinto encane, kodwa iyingxenye ebalulekile yesistimu yokupholisa ikhompyutha yedeskithophu. Ubuchwepheshe bamuva buqhubekela phambili ekufinyeleleni amafomula aphephile (angaqhubi), ukujikeleza kokushisa okuzinzile (okulwa nokupompa kanye nokungashisi), kanye nokusetshenziswa okulula. Izinto ezintsha ezifana nama-nanoparticles, ukusatshalaliswa kosayizi wezinhlayiya okunembile, kanye nezinto zokushintsha isigaba kuvumela abasebenzisi bedeskithophu ukuthi bafinyelele amazinga okushisa aphansi kanye nokusebenza okulinganayo ngaphandle kokuhlupheka kokushintsha njalo i-paste.
Ekugcineni, ukukhetha i-thermal paste engcono kakhulu akukhona nje ukuthola umkhiqizo onezimfuno eziphezulu zokuqhuba. Okubaluleke kakhulu ukufaneleka kwawo ezidingweni zakho, ukulula kokusetshenziswa, kanye nokuqina kwesikhathi eside. Ngokukhetha okulungile kwe-thermal paste yesimanje kanye nokufakwa okufanele, ikhompyutha yakho yedeskithophu ingasebenza ipholile, ithule, futhi izinze isikhathi eside.
