Indlela Yokuthuthukisa Ukuphepha Kwe-akhawunti Ku-inthanethi
Ngokuthuthuka okusheshayo kobuchwepheshe, izimpilo zethu ziya ngokuya zixhunyaniswa emhlabeni wedijithali. Ama-akhawunti aku-inthanethi asetshenziselwa izinto ezahlukahlukene njengebhange, izinkundla zokuxhumana, i-imeyili, kanye nokuthenga. Kodwa-ke, uma sinama-akhawunti amaningi, kulapho sibhekene nezingozi zokuphepha ezinkulu khona. Ukulahlekelwa ukufinyelela ku-akhawunti eku-inthanethi akusho nje kuphela ukulahlekelwa ulwazi lomuntu siqu kodwa futhi kungaholela ekulahlekelweni okukhulu kwezezimali. Ngakho-ke, ukuthuthukisa ukuphepha kwama-akhawunti akho aku-inthanethi kuyisinyathelo esibalulekile ekuzivikeleni ezinsongweni zedijithali. Nazi ezinye izindlela ezisebenzayo zokuthuthukisa ukuphepha kwama-akhawunti akho aku-inthanethi.
1. Sebenzisa Iphasiwedi Eqinile Neyingqayizivele
a. Inhlanganisela Yezinhlamvu
Iphasiwedi eqinile kufanele ibe yinhlanganisela yezinhlamvu ezinkulu nezincane, izinombolo, kanye nezimpawu. Gwema ukusebenzisa amagama avamile njenge-"password," "123456," noma ulwazi oluqagelwa kalula njengosuku lwakho lokuzalwa.
b. Ubude bephasiwedi
Amaphasiwedi amade kunzima ukuwaqagela. Zama ukugcina iphasiwedi yakho okungenani inezinhlamvu ezingu-12 ubude.
c. Okuhlukile kwi-Akhawunti ngayinye
Ungasebenzisi iphasiwedi efanayo kuma-akhawunti amaningi. Uma iphasiwedi eyodwa isengozini, wonke ama-akhawunti akho angase asengozini. Zama ukuqinisekisa ukuthi i-akhawunti ngayinye inephasiwedi ehlukile.
2. Nika amandla ukuqinisekiswa kwezinto ezimbili (2FA)
Ukuqinisekiswa kwezinto ezimbili kuyindlela ephumelelayo yokwengeza ungqimba olwengeziwe lokuphepha ku-akhawunti yakho. Ngaphezu kwephasiwedi yakho, kuzodingeka futhi ufake ikhodi ethunyelwe kudivayisi yakho yeselula noma usebenzise uhlelo lokusebenza lokuqinisekisa njenge-Google Authenticator. Lokhu kuqinisekisa ukuthi noma ngabe othile uyazi iphasiwedi yakho, usazodinga ikhodi eyengeziwe ukuze afinyelele i-akhawunti yakho.
3. Buyekeza Njalo Isofthiwe
a. Uhlelo Lokusebenza
Qiniseka ukuthi uhlelo lokusebenza lwedivayisi yakho luhlala lubuyekezwa ukuze kuvalwe izimbobo zokuphepha ezisanda kutholakala.
b. Isicelo
Futhi, buyekeza izinhlelo zokusebenza ozisebenzisayo, kokubili kukhompyutha yakho kanye ne-smartphone. Izibuyekezo eziningi ziqukethe ukulungiswa okubalulekile kokuphepha.
4. Sebenzisa Umphathi Wephasiwedi
Umphathi wephasiwedi uyithuluzi elingakusiza ukuthi udale, ugcine, futhi uphathe amaphasiwedi aqinile, ahlukile kuyo yonke isayithi oyisebenzisayo. Ngomphathi wephasiwedi, udinga ukukhumbula iphasiwedi eyodwa kuphela ukuze ufinyelele wonke ama-akhawunti akho.
5. Qaphela i-Phishing
I-Phishing iwumzamo wokukhwabanisa wokuthola ulwazi oluyimfihlo olufana namaphasiwedi nezinombolo zekhadi lesikweletu ngokuzenza inhlangano ethembekile.
a. Hlola ikheli le-imeyili lomthumeli
Ngokuvamile ama-imeyili e-phishing avela emakhelini afana nalawa angempela kodwa anomehluko omncane.
b. Ungachofozi izixhumanisi ezingahleliwe
Gwema ukuchofoza izixhumanisi kuma-imeyili asolisayo. Kungcono ukuhambisa ngaphezulu kwesixhumanisi ukuze ubone i-URL yangempela noma uvule iwebhusayithi ngesiphequluli, kunokuba uchofoze isixhumanisi esiku-imeyili.
c. Qaphela Izimpawu Zobugebengu Bokweba Imininingwane Ebucayi
Imiyalezo ekunxusa ukuba uthathe isinyathelo esithile ngokushesha, njengokubuyekeza ulwazi lomuntu siqu, imvamisa iyisibonakaliso sobugebengu bokweba imininingwane eyimfihlo.
6. Nciphisa Ulwazi Olwabelwana Ngalo Ezinkundleni Zokuxhumana
Ama-hacker avame ukusebenzisa ulwazi owabelana ngalo ezinkundleni zokuxhumana ukuze azame ukuqagela amaphasiwedi noma ukuphendula imibuzo yokuphepha. Nciphisa ulwazi lomuntu siqu owabelana ngalo bese usetha izilungiselelo zobumfihlo zama-akhawunti akho ezinkundleni zokuxhumana.
7. Qapha Umsebenzi we-Akhawunti
a. Isaziso Sokungena
Nika amandla izaziso zokungena ukuze uthole isaziso noma nini lapho i-akhawunti yakho ifinyelelwa kusuka kudivayisi engaziwa.
b. Ukuhlolwa Kwezikhathi Ezithile
Hlola njalo umsebenzi we-akhawunti yakho ukuze uthole umsebenzi osolisayo, njengokungena ngemvume usuka ezindaweni ezingaziwa noma izinguquko kulwazi lomuntu siqu.
8. Vikela idivayisi yakho
a. I-antivirus
Sebenzisa isofthiwe ye-antivirus ukuvikela idivayisi yakho ku-malware engantshontsha ulwazi lomuntu siqu.
b. Umlilo
Nika amandla i-firewall ukuvimbela ukufinyelela okungagunyaziwe kwikhompyutha yakho ngenethiwekhi.
c. Ukubethela
Cabanga ngokubethela idatha ebalulekile. Ukubethela kuqinisekisa ukuthi idatha ingafundwa kuphela yilabo abanesihluthulelo sokubethela.
9. Ukuhlolwa Kobumfihlo Nokuphepha Kwezikhathi Ezithile
a. Hlola Izimvume Zesicelo
Izinhlelo zokusebenza eziningi zicela ukufinyelela kulwazi lomuntu siqu ezingaludingi ngempela. Buyekeza njalo izimvume zohlelo lokusebenza bese ukhawulela ukufinyelela kwazo.
b. Ukuhlolwa Kokuxhumana kanye Nokuhlelwa
Hlola kabili ukuthi wabelana ngolwazi nobani bese ubuyekeza izilungiselelo zakho zobumfihlo ukuze ubone ukuthi zisahlangabezana yini nezidingo zakho.
c. Susa ama-Akhawunti Angasetshenziswanga
Ama-akhawunti amadala ongasawasebenzisi angaba yingozi yokuphepha. Wasuse noma uwavale.
10. Funda Futhi Uqonde Izingozi
Ukuqonda izinsongo ezikhona kubalulekile ekuthuthukiseni isu lokuphepha komuntu siqu. Nazi ezinye izindlela zokwandisa ulwazi lwakho:
a. Landela Izindaba Zokuphepha Kwe-inthanethi
Amawebhusayithi ezobuchwepheshe namabhulogi avame ukunikeza ulwazi olusha mayelana nezinsongo zakamuva zokuphepha nokuthi ungazivimbela kanjani.
b. Ukuya Ekuqeqeshweni noma kuma-Webinar
Izinhlangano eziningi zinikeza ukuqeqeshwa noma ama-webinar ukusiza abasebenzisi baqonde kangcono ukuthi bangahlala kanjani bephephile ku-inthanethi.
c. Ukwabelana ngolwazi
Xoxa ngezindlela zokuhlala uphephile nabangani, umndeni, noma osebenza nabo ukuze wabelane ngolwazi kanye nemikhuba emihle kakhulu.
11. Ukusebenzisa i-VPN
I-VPN (Virtual Private Network) isiza ekuvikeleni ubumfihlo bakho ku-inthanethi ngokubethela ithrafikhi yakho ye-inthanethi. Lokhu kubaluleke kakhulu uma usebenzisa njalo amanethiwekhi omphakathi e-Wi-Fi asengozini yokuhlaselwa.
a. Khetha Isevisi ye-VPN Ethembekile
Kunezinsizakalo eziningi ze-VPN emakethe, khetha eyodwa enedumela elihle futhi engagcini ama-log abasebenzisi.
b. Ukusetshenziswa Kumadivayisi Eselula
Hhayi kukhompyutha yakho kuphela, kodwa nakudivayisi yakho yeselula ukuze yonke idatha ethunyelwe neyamukelwe ihlale iphephile.
12. Qaphela Isitoreji Samafu
Izinsizakalo zokugcina amafu zilula kakhulu ukugcina nokwabelana ngamafayela, kodwa futhi zingaba yingozi uma zingaphathwa kahle.
a. Bethela Amafayela Ngaphambi Kokulayisha
Ukusebenzisa ithuluzi lokubethela ukuze ubhale amafayela ngaphambi kokuwalayisha efwini kungangeza ungqimba olwengeziwe lokuphepha.
b. Setha Izimvume Zokufinyelela
Qiniseka ukuthi wabelana ngamafayela nabantu abadinga ukufinyelela ngempela futhi uhoxise lezo zimvume zokufinyelela uma zingasadingeki.
13. Isiphetho
Ukuthuthukisa ukuphepha kwama-akhawunti akho aku-inthanethi kuwumzamo oqhubekayo. Izinyathelo ezishiwo ngenhla zingakusiza ukunciphisa izingozi nokuvikela ama-akhawunti akho ezinsongweni ezingaba khona. Khumbula, ukuphepha kuyinhlanganisela yesofthiwe eqinile, imikhuba emihle, kanye nolwazi lwezinsongo ezikhona. Ngokuthatha isikhathi esincane ukugcina inhlanzeko yakho yokuphepha kwedijithali, ungajabulela izinzuzo zomhlaba oku-inthanethi ngaphandle kokukhathazeka ngezinsongo ezingaba khona.
Hlala uqaphile, buyekeza njalo ulwazi lwakho ngezitayela zokuphepha kwe-inthanethi, futhi ungangabazi ukusebenzisa amathuluzi nezici ezitholakalayo ukuze uzivikele. Izwe ledijithali ligcwele izinselele, kodwa ngezinyathelo ezifanele, ungahlala uphephile futhi uvikelekile.
