Amathiphu Ezezimali Abafundi
Ukuba ngumfundi kuvame ukufana nokuphila ngesabelomali esincane. Izindleko zibonakala ziphezulu—kusukela ekudleni nasekuthuthweni kuya kudatha ye-inthanethi kuya ezintweni zasekolishi—kuyilapho imali engenayo inqunyelwe yizibonelelo zabazali, izifundi, noma umsebenzi wesikhashana. Kodwa-ke, lokhu akusho ukuthi abafundi abakwazi ukuba nezimali ezinempilo. Eqinisweni, ikolishi yisikhathi esingcono kakhulu sokuthuthukisa imikhuba yezezimali ezoba usizo kakhulu ngemva kokuphothula. Nazi ezinye izeluleko zezimali zabafundi ongazisebenzisa manje ukuze uphathe kangcono imali yakho yephakethe, uqinisekise ukuthi ihlala isikhathi eside, futhi uqinisekise ukuthi usengonga.
1. Qonda isimo sakho sezezimali: imali engenayo kanye nezindleko
Isinyathelo sokuqala esibaluleke kakhulu ukuqonda ukuhamba kwemali yakho. Abafundi abaningi banomuzwa wokuthi imali yabo "iyanyamalala" ngoba abalokothi balandelele izindleko zabo. Qala ngokubala imithombo yakho yenyanga engenayo: imali yakho yephakethe, izifundi, umsebenzi wokuzimela, noma umsebenzi wesikhashana. Bese ubhala phansi zonke izindleko, ngisho nezincane njengekhofi, ukudla okulula, noma indawo yokupaka. Lokhu kuzokusiza ukuthi ubone ukuvuza okukhulu.
Indlela elula ukusebenzisa uhlelo lokusebenza lokulandelela ezezimali noma ispredishithi elula. Uma lokho kuyinkinga enkulu, mane usebenzise indlela yokubhala imibiko yansuku zonke kumanothi efoni yakho. Isihluthulelo akulona ithuluzi, kodwa ukuhambisana. Ngedatha ecacile, ungenza izinqumo ezinengqondo kakhulu, hhayi ngokusekelwe emizweni yangaphakathi kuphela.
2. Dala isabelomali sanyanga zonke esingokoqobo
Uma usuqonda izindlela zakho zokusebenzisa imali, dala isabelomali sanyanga zonke. Isabelomali asisho ukuthi kufanele uphile ngokonga imali uze ube lusizi, kodwa kunalokho sisho ukubeka imingcele ecacile ukuze ungaphelelwa yimali phakathi nenyanga. Ungasebenzisa isimiso esilula njengokuhlukanisa imali yakho ngezigaba eziningana: ukudla, ezokuthutha, izidingo zasekolishi, izikweletu (zokuqasha, ugesi, idatha), ukonga, kanye nokuzijabulisa.
Qiniseka ukuthi isabelomali sakho sinengqondo. Isibonelo, uma usujwayele ukudla ngaphandle, ungagxili ngokushesha ekuphekeni ngo-100% ekhaya. Qala ngezinguquko ezincane: pheka izikhathi ezingu-2-3 ngesonto, noma unciphise iziphuzo zakho ezinoshukela ngezimpelasonto. Isabelomali esiqinile kakhulu singaba nzima ukusinakekela futhi siholele ekuziphindiseleleni ekuthengeni kamuva.
3. Beka izidingo phambili kunezidingo
Enye yezinselele ezinkulu kubafundi ukuhlukanisa phakathi kwezidingo nezinto ezifunwayo. Izidingo yizinto ezingaphazamisa imisebenzi ebalulekile, njengokudla, ezokuthutha, izincwadi, kanye nemali yelebhu. Izinto ezifunwayo zivame ukuba zengeziwe futhi zingahlehliswa, njengokuthuthukisa amagajethi, ukuchitha isikhathi esiningi, noma ukuthenga izinto zemfashini ezifashinini.
Lokhu akusho ukuthi akufanele ugcwalise izifiso zakho nhlobo. Usengajabula, kodwa qiniseka ukuthi izidingo zakho ziyahlangatshezwa kuqala. Ziqeqeshe ukuzibuza ngaphambi kokuthenga: "Ingabe lokhu kubalulekile kuleli sonto?" noma "Ngingakukuhlehlisa kuze kube yinyanga ezayo?" Le mikhuba emincane ingakusindisa ekusebenziseni imali ngokuphamazela.
4. Sebenzisa imithetho yokonga kusukela ekuqaleni
Ukonga imali usengumfundi kuvame ukubhekwa njengokunzima ngenxa yemali encane ephaketheni. Kodwa-ke, ukonga akukhona mayelana nezimali ezinkulu, kodwa kunemikhuba. Sebenzisa isimiso esithi "zikhokhele wena kuqala": ngokushesha nje lapho uthola imali yakho noma umholo, beka eceleni ingxenye ethile yokonga. Uma ulinda "imali esele" ekupheleni kwenyanga, ngeke usale nalutho.
Qala ngenani elincane, isibonelo, u-5–10% wemali engenayo yakho. Uma imali yakho engenayo ingu-Rp1.000.000 ngenyanga, ukonga u-Rp50.000–Rp100.000 kuwumqondo omuhle. Into ebalulekile ukuthi uhlale unjalo. Lokhu konga kungasebenza njengesikhwama esincane esiphuthumayo sezidingo ezingalindelekile njengokugula, ukulungiswa kwama-laptop, noma izindleko ezengeziwe zemisebenzi yasekolishi.
5. Lungiselela isikhwama sezimo eziphuthumayo sesitayela sabafundi
Isikhwama sezimo eziphuthumayo akudingeki silingane nezindleko zezinyanga ezi-3-6, njengoba kunconywa abasebenzi. Njengomfundi, ungakha isikhwama sezimo eziphuthumayo kancane kancane, isibonelo, ngomgomo wokuqala we-Rp 300.000–Rp 1.000.000. Ungahlanganisi lesi sikhwama nesibonelelo sakho sansuku zonke ukuze ugweme ukusebenzisa imali ngokweqile.
Gcina isikhwama sakho sezimo eziphuthumayo endaweni efinyeleleka kalula kodwa engathandeki kakhulu, njenge-akhawunti ehlukile noma i-e-wallet ezinikele ongayifinyeleli. Umgomo ucacile: sisebenzisele izimo eziphuthumayo zangempela, hhayi izaphulelo zomzuzu wokugcina.
6. Nciphisa indlela yokuphila "yokulandela isixuku"
Iqembu lakho labangane lithonya kakhulu indlela osebenzisa ngayo imali. Uma abangani bakho bevame ukuchitha isikhathi ezindaweni ezibizayo, kulula ukuzizwa kabi ngokuncipha. Kodwa-ke, ukulandela indlela yokuphila yomunye umuntu kungalimaza imali yakho.
Funda ukwethembeka nokuba nenhlonipho. Unganikeza ezinye izindlela: ukuchitha isikhathi ezindaweni ezingabizi kakhulu, ukupheka ndawonye endlini yakho yokuhlala, noma ukhethe imisebenzi yamahhala njengokuhamba ngezinyawo ntambama, ukufunda njengeqembu, noma ezemidlalo. Abangane abahle bazosihlonipha isimo sakho sezezimali, futhi usengaxhumana nabantu ngaphandle kokusebenzisa imali eningi ngokweqile.
7. Sebenzisa izaphulelo zabafundi kanye nezinsiza
Abafundi banezinzuzo eziningi ezivame ukunganakwa: izaphulelo zokuhamba, izaphulelo zezicelo, ukufinyelela emtatsheni wezincwadi, amajenali ekhampasi, ngisho nokukhushulwa kokudla. Zijwayeze ukucwaninga izinsiza zasekhampasi ezingonga imali. Isibonelo, esikhundleni sokuthenga incwadi ebizayo, hlola ukuthi umtapo wezincwadi unayo yini inguqulo ye-e-book noma uboleke eyodwa kumuntu osekhulile.
Nokho, khumbula: izaphulelo akuzona izaba zokuthenga izinto ongazidingi ngempela. Sebenzisa ukukhushulwa ngokwezidingo zakho, hhayi ukwandisa izindleko zakho.
8. Funa imali engenayo eyengeziwe ngokwamakhono akho
Uma isimiso sakho sekilasi sivuma, ukuthola imali engenayo eyengeziwe kungaba yisisombululo. Imisebenzi eminingi ifanele abafundi, njengokuklama okuzenzela, ukubhala, ukuhumusha, ukufundisa, ukuphatha izinkundla zokuxhumana, noma umsebenzi wesikhashana ekhefini. Ungasebenzisa futhi amakhono alula njengokuhlela amavidiyo, ukudala isethulo, noma ukuba ngumthwebuli wezithombe zemicimbi yasekhempasini.
Isihluthulelo ukukhetha umsebenzi ongaphazamisi izifundo zakho kanye nempilo yakho. Ungavumeli ukuphishekela imali kukwenze uphothule sekwephuzile noma ucindezeleke kakhulu. Imali engenayo eyengeziwe kufanele futhi ibe nenjongo: eminye yokonga, eminye yezindleko zasekolishi, kanti eminye yokujabulela izithelo zomsebenzi wakho.
9. Gwema izikweletu zabathengi
Izikweletu zingaba ugibe, ikakhulukazi uma zisetshenziselwa izimpahla zabathengi. Abafundi kudingeka baqaphele izinhlelo zokukhokha imali, izimali mboleko eziku-inthanethi, noma ukusebenzisa amakhadi esikweletu engeziwe avela kubazali babo. Ukulula kokukhokha ngokuvamile kwenza abantu bazizwe "bethengeka," kanti empeleni, bamane bahlehlisa umthwalo wenyanga elandelayo, befaka inzalo nezijeziso engozini.
Uma kufanele uboleke, qiniseka ukuthi kuyisidingo esicacile futhi inohlelo lokukhokha olungokoqobo. Kungcono ukulibazisa ukuthenga kunokuqoqa izitolimende ezizokwenza izinto zibe nzima kuwe ekugcineni.
10. Ukuhlolwa kwezezimali njalo ngeviki noma ngenyanga
Izimali ezinempilo zidinga ukuhlolwa. Beka eceleni imizuzu eyi-15-30 ekupheleni kwesonto noma inyanga ngayinye ukuze ubukeze: ingabe isabelomali sakho siyasebenza? Yiziphi izindleko zakho ezinkulu? Ingabe ukonga kuyaqhubeka? Kusukela lapho, ungalungisa isu lakho lenyanga elandelayo.
Ukuhlola kukusiza futhi ukuthi uqaphele intuthuko. Mhlawumbe ekuqaleni wawusebenzisa imali njalo, kodwa ngemva kwezinyanga ezimbili usukwazile ukonga njalo. Lokhu kuthuthuka okuncane kufanelekile ukukuhalalisela ngoba kukhombisa ushintsho emikhubeni.
I-Penutup
Ukuphatha izimali zakho njengomfundi akukhona nje ukusinda kuze kube sekupheleni kwenyanga, kodwa mayelana nokwakha isisekelo semikhuba yezezimali ezokusiza impilo yakho yonke. Qala ngezinto ezilula: landelela izindleko zakho, dala isabelomali, hlukanisa phakathi kwezidingo nezinto ozifunayo, bese wenza ukonga kube umkhuba. Ngezifundo ezincane nezihambisanayo, uzoba nesipiliyoni sasekolishi esizolile, ungesabi kakhulu lapho ubhekene nezindleko ezingalindelekile, futhi ulungiselele kahle ikusasa.
Uma uhlala njalo, uzobona ukuthi ukuphila ngokonga akusho ukuphila impilo ejabulisayo—kusho ukuphila ngendlela ehlelekile nengenazinkinga zezimali.
