Amasu Okuvimbela Ukulimala Ebuhlengikazini
Ukulimala kungenye yezingozi ezivame kakhulu ezibhekene nokunakekelwa kwempilo, kokubili ezigulini kanye nabasebenzi bezempilo. Ngokomongo wokunakekela, ukuvimbela ukulimala akugcini nje ngokugwema ukuwa noma ukulimala ngokomzimba, kodwa futhi kuhlanganisa nokuvimbela ukulimala okubangelwa izinqubo, ukusetshenziswa kabi kwemishini, ukukhathala emsebenzini, kanye nokuchayeka ezintweni eziyingozi. Abahlengikazi badlala indima ebalulekile ngoba baxhumana ngqo neziguli amahora angama-24 ngosuku, izinsuku eziyi-7 ngesonto, behlinzeka ngokuqapha, ukunakekelwa kwabahlengikazi, imfundo, kanye nokuxhumana namanye amalungu eqembu lezempilo. Ngakho-ke, ukusetshenziswa kwamasu okuvimbela ukulimala kumele kube yingxenye yesiko lomsebenzi kanye nengxenye ebalulekile yezindinganiso zokuphepha kweziguli.
1. Imiqondo Eyisisekelo Yokuvimbela Ukulimala Kwabahlengikazi
Ukuvimbela ukulimala ebuhlengikazini uchungechunge lwezenzo ezihlelekile zokunciphisa ingozi yezehlakalo ezingalimaza iziguli, imindeni yazo, kanye nabasebenzi bezempilo. Ukulimala kungenzeka ngenxa yezici zangaphakathi (izimo zesiguli njengokuguga, ibhalansi engasebenzi kahle, izinga eliphansi lokuqwashisa) noma izici zangaphandle (indawo, imishini yezokwelapha, izinqubo, kanye nokuxhumana okungasebenzi kahle). Emisebenzini yanamuhla yobuhlengikazi, ukuvimbela ukulimala kuhambisana nezimiso "zokungalimazi" kanye nokuphepha kwesiguli, okugcizelela ukuhlonza ubungozi, ukungenelela kokuvimbela, kanye nokuhlola okuqhubekayo.
2. Ukuhlonza Ingozi Nokuhlolwa Kokuqala
Isinyathelo sokuqala sokuvimbela ukulimala ukuhlolwa kwengozi okuphelele. Abahlengikazi kudingeka bahlole isimo somzimba nesengqondo sesiguli, umlando wokuwa, ukusetshenziswa kwemithi (isb., imithi yokudambisa noma imithi yokwehlisa umfutho wegazi engabangela isiyezi), ukuhambahamba, isimo sezinzwa (umbono/ukuzwa), kanye nendawo ezungeze umbhede. Ukusebenzisa amathuluzi okuhlola ingozi yokuwa njengeMorse Fall Scale noma iHendrich II Fall Risk Model kungasiza abahlengikazi ukuthi banqume izinga lengozi futhi baklame izindlela zokungenelela ezifanele.
Ngaphezu kwengozi yokuwa, ukuhlolwa kuhlanganisa nengozi yokulimala kwengcindezi, ingozi yokufutha ezigulini ezinezinkinga zokugwinya, ingozi yokutheleleka ngenxa yokufakwa kwamadivayisi ahlaselayo, kanye nengozi yokulimala emsebenzini kwabahlengikazi lapho behambisa iziguli.
3. Ukuvimbela Ukulimala Kwesiguli: Ukuwa Nokulimala
Ukuwa kuyimbangela evame kakhulu yokulimala kweziguli, ikakhulukazi ezindaweni zokulaliswa esibhedlela kanye nasezindlini zokunakekela asebekhulile. Amasu okuvimbela ukuwa ahlanganisa:
1. Ukuhlela indawo ephephile: qinisekisa ukuthi phansi akusheleli, azikho izintambo ezihlakazekile, ukukhanya okwanele, kanye nezinsiza zokuhamba zitholakala kalula.
2. Ukusetshenziswa kahle kwezinsimbi zombhede: izinsimbi zombhede zingasetshenziswa ezigulini ezithile, kodwa ingozi yokubambeka noma isiguli esizama ukuphuma kumele icatshangelwe.
3. Ukufaka insimbi yokushaya ucingo: fundisa isiguli ukushaya ucingo sicele usizo ngaphambi kokuvuka.
4. Usizo lokuhamba: iziguli ezisengozini enkulu akufanele zihambe zodwa, ikakhulukazi ngemva kokuhlinzwa, lapho zibuthakathaka, noma ngemva kokuthola imithi ethile.
5. Gqoka izicathulo eziphephile: izimbadada ezingasheleli noma izicathulo ezilingana kahle zinganciphisa ingozi yokushelela.
Ukuvimbela ukulimala kuhlobene nokusetshenziswa ngokuphephile kwezihlalo zabakhubazekile, izintambo zokwelula, kanye nezinqubo zokudlulisela umuntu embhedeni aye esihlalweni. Amasu okudlulisela umuntu kufanele asebenzise izimiso ze-ergonomic, ahilele abahlinzeki abangaphezu koyedwa uma kudingeka, futhi asebenzise amadivayisi okusiza njengebhodi lokudlulisela noma ama-hoist ezigulini ezithembele kakhulu.
4. Ukuvimbela Ukulimala Kwengcindezi
Ukulimala kwengcindezi kuvame ukwenzeka ezigulini ezingakwazi ukuhamba, ezigula kakhulu, ezingondlekile kahle, noma ezinesifo sokujikeleza kwegazi. Ukuvimbela kuhlanganisa:
– Ukushintsha indawo yesiguli njalo emahoreni ama-2 (noma njengoba kudingeka) ukuze kuncishiswe ingcindezi ezindaweni ezisengozini njenge-sacrum, izithende, nomgogodla.
– Ukusetshenziswa komatrasi abavikela ukungcola: omatilasi bomoya noma igwebu elikhethekile lisiza ekusabalaliseni ingcindezi.
– Ukunakekelwa kwesikhumba: gcina isikhumba sihlanzekile futhi somile, sebenzisa i-moisturizer, futhi uvimbele ukucasuka okubangelwa ukungakwazi ukuzibamba.
– Ukudla okunempilo kanye nokugcwalisa amanzi emzimbeni: ukubambisana nochwepheshe wezokudla kubalulekile ngoba i-albumin ephansi kanye nokungondleki kahle kwandisa ingozi yezilonda ezihambisana nomfutho wegazi.
Abahlengikazi kufanele babhale phansi izimo zesikhumba njalo futhi babike ngokushesha noma yikuphi ukubomvu okuqhubekayo, ukuklwebheka, noma amanxeba okuqala ukuze kuqalwe ukungenelela ngokushesha.
5. Ukuvimbela Ukulimala Okuhlobene Nenqubo Nemishini
Ukulimala kokunakekela izingane nakho kungenzeka ngenxa yezinqubo ezifana nokufakwa kwe-IV, ukufakwa kwe-catheter, imijovo, kanye nokusetshenziswa kwamadivayisi ezokwelapha. Izimiso ezibalulekile okufanele zisetshenziswe yilezi:
– Ukuqaliswa kwezindlela zokuvimbela ukutheleleka kanye namasu okubulala amagciwane: kunciphisa izinkinga kanye nokutheleleka, futhi kuvimbela ukulimala kwezicubu.
– Qinisekisa ukuthi isiguli singubani kanye nezenzo: qinisekisa ukuthi isiguli silungile, inqubo efanele, uhlangothi olufanele (isibonelo, ezenzweni ezihilela izingxenye ezithile zomzimba).
– Hlola imishini ngaphambi kokusebenzisa: qiniseka ukuthi imishini iyasebenza, ayihlanzeki futhi ilingana kahle nosayizi.
– Ukuqapha okuqinile ukwelashwa ngokufakwa kwe-infusion: kuvimbela ukungena, i-phlebitis, noma ukukhishwa kwe-extravas okungalimaza izicubu.
– Ukufundisa isiguli: ukuchaza inqubo, ukufundisa indawo efanele, nokwazisa ngezimpawu zengozi okudingeka zibikwe.
Ukusetshenziswa kabi kwemishini, njengokuhlelwa okungafanele kwesilinganiso sokufakwa noma ukusetshenziswa kwemingcele ngaphandle kwesibonakaliso, nakho kungaholela ekulimaleni. Ngakho-ke, ukuqeqeshwa okuqhubekayo nokubhekwa ngabahlengikazi abaphezulu kubalulekile.
6. Ukuvimbela Ukulimala Kwabahlengikazi: I-Ergonomics Nokuphepha Emsebenzini
Abahlengikazi basengozini yokulimala kwemisipha, ikakhulukazi emhlane, emahlombe, nasentanyeni, ngenxa yokuphakamisa noma ukuhambisa iziguli. Ukuze bavimbele lokhu, abahlengikazi kumele basebenzise amasu okulungisa isimo somzimba, njengalawa:
– gcina umhlane wakho uqondile futhi ugobe amadolo akho uma uphakamisa izinsimbi,
– sondeza umthwalo enkabeni yomzimba yamandla adonsela phansi,
– gwema ukusonta ukunyakaza kwesinqe lapho uphakamisa,
- ukusebenzisa izinsiza zokudlulisela isiguli,
– cela usizo kozakwethu uma isiguli singathi sína noma singabambisani.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukuvimbela ukulimala emsebenzini kuhlanganisa ukusetshenziswa kwemishini yokuzivikela yomuntu siqu (i-PPE), njengeglavu, imaski, ukuvikela amehlo, kanye nama-apron njengoba kudingeka. I-PPE ivikela abahlengikazi ekuchayekeni egazini, uketshezi lomzimba, amakhemikhali okubulala amagciwane, kanye nengozi yokudluliselwa kwezifo ezithathelwanayo.
7. Isiko Lokuxhumana Nokuphepha Eliphumelelayo
Ukulimala okuningi akwenzeki ngenxa yokuntuleka kwamakhono obuchwepheshe, kodwa ngenxa yokuphazamiseka kokuxhumana. Amasu okuvimbela ukulimala kumele aqiniswe ngokuxhumana okusebenzayo phakathi kwamaqembu, isibonelo ukusebenzisa indlela ye-SBAR (Isimo, Isizinda, Ukuhlolwa, Izincomo) ngesikhathi sokudluliselwa. Imibhalo ephelele nenembile nayo ivimbela amaphutha futhi iqinisekisa ukuthi bonke abasebenzi bayazi ngezingozi zesiguli.
Isiko lokuphepha libonakala emkhubeni wokubika izehlakalo kanye nokucishe kube khona ukuphuthelwa ngaphandle kokwesaba isijeziso. Ngokubika okuphumelelayo, izibhedlela zingenza ukuhlaziywa kwembangela yenkinga futhi zithuthukise ukuthuthukiswa kwesistimu, njengokuhlela kabusha amakamelo, ukuthenga imishini, noma ukubukeza izinqubo zokusebenza ezijwayelekile (ama-SOP).
8. Imfundo Yesiguli Nomndeni
Ukuvimbela ukulimala ngeke kusebenze ngaphandle kokubandakanyeka kwesiguli nomndeni. Abahlengikazi kudingeka banikeze imfundo yokuthi bangavuka kanjani embhedeni ngokuphephile, ukusetshenziswa kwezinsiza zokuhamba, ukubaluleka kokubiza usizo, kanye nemikhawulo emisebenzini ethile ngemva kwenqubo. Ezigulini ezindala, imfundo ihlanganisa nezindlela zokuvimbela ukuwa ekhaya, njengokususa omata abashelelayo, ukufaka imigoqo yokubamba endlini yokugezela, nokuqinisekisa ukukhanya okwanele.
Isiphetho
Amasu okuvimbela ukulimala ebuhlengikazini ahlanganisa ukuhlolwa kwengozi, ukungenelela kwemvelo, izinqubo eziphephile, izimiso zokulungisa isimo, ukuxhumana okuphumelelayo, kanye nemfundo yesiguli nomndeni. Abahlengikazi badlala indima ebalulekile ekuqinisekiseni ukuphepha njengoba besemgqeni ophambili wokunakekelwa. Ngokusebenzisa amazinga okuphepha nokwakha isiko lokuphepha kwesiguli, amazinga okulimala angancishiswa, ikhwalithi yesevisi ithuthukiswe, kanye nokwethenjwa komphakathi ekunakekelweni kwezempilo kuqiniswe. Ukuvimbela ukulimala akuyona nje umsebenzi womuntu ngamunye, kodwa umthwalo wemfanelo ohlanganyelwe okumele uhlanganiswe kuzo zonke izenzo zobuhlengikazi.
