Izinketho Zokugcwalisa Amazinyo
Uma sikhuluma ngempilo yamazinyo, isihloko esisodwa esivame ukuvela ukugcwalisa amazinyo. Ukugcwalisa amazinyo inqubo eyenziwa ukulungisa amazinyo alimele noma abolile abangelwa ukubola kwamazinyo, ukwaphuka kwamazinyo, noma ezinye izimbangela. Ukukhetha izinto zokugcwalisa ezifanele kubalulekile. Lokhu kukhetha kuzothinta ukuqina, ubuhle, kanye nempilo iyonke yezinyo.
Kunezinhlobo ezahlukene zezinto zokugcwalisa amazinyo ezitholakalayo, okuhlanganisa i-amalgam, i-resin ehlanganisiwe, igolide, i-porcelain, kanye ne-ionomer yengilazi. Izinto ngazinye zinezinzuzo nezinkinga zazo, ezingalungiswa ngokwezidingo nesimo sesiguli. Ake sixoxe ngazo ngazinye.
1. I-Amalgam
Ukugcwalisa i-Amalgam sekusetshenziswe iminyaka engaphezu kwengu-150 futhi kwaziwa njengenye yezinto zokugcwalisa ezihlala isikhathi eside. I-Amalgam iyinhlanganisela yezinsimbi eziningana, okuhlanganisa isiliva, i-mercury, i-tin, nethusi. Inzuzo yayo iwukuthi ihlala isikhathi eside, ikakhulukazi emazinyweni angemuva asetshenziselwa ukuhlafuna.
Kodwa-ke, ukusetshenziswa kwe-amalgam kudale impikiswano ngenxa yokuqukethwe kwayo kwe-mercury. Nakuba ezinye izifundo zibonise ukuthi ukugcwalisa i-amalgam kuphephile, ezinye iziguli nodokotela bamazinyo bakhetha ezinye izinto ukuze bagweme izingozi zempilo ezingaba khona. Ngaphandle kokukhathazeka ngempilo, i-amalgam nayo ayithandeki kangako ngenxa yombala wayo omnyama, ohlukile kumbala wemvelo wamazinyo.
2. I-Resin Composite
I-resin composite iyinto yokugcwalisa ethandwayo ngenxa yokukhanga kwayo okuhle. Yenziwe ngengxube yezinhlayiya zepulasitiki nezengilazi. Inzuzo ebalulekile ye-resin composite yikhono layo lokufanisa umbala wemvelo wamazinyo, okwenza ukugcwalisa kungabonakali.
Ngaphandle kobuhle, izinhlanganisela ze-resin zinikeza izinzuzo zokusebenza. Zinamathelana ngokuqinile nezinyo, okusho ukuthi amazinyo ambalwa emvelo adinga ukususwa ngesikhathi sokufakwa kokugcwalisa. Kodwa-ke, izinhlanganisela ze-resin zisengozini enkulu yokulimala futhi ziguga ngokushesha kune-amalgam, ikakhulukazi emazinyweni angemuva, athwala umthwalo omkhulu wokuhlafuna.
3. Igolide
Ukugcwalisa ngegolide kungenye yezinto zokugcwalisa ezindala kakhulu ezisetshenziswa ekwelapheni amazinyo. Igolide laziwa ngokuqina kwalo okuhle kakhulu kanye nokuhambisana okuphezulu kwezinto eziphilayo, okusho ukuthi alibangeli ukusabela kokungezwani komzimba noma ukucasuka emzimbeni womuntu. Ukugcwalisa ngegolide nakho kuhlala isikhathi eside kakhulu, kuhlala amashumi eminyaka.
Kodwa-ke, izingcwecwe zegolide zinezinkinga ezimbili ezinkulu: intengo kanye nobuhle. Igolide liyinto ebiza kakhulu, okwenza izingcwecwe zegolide zamazinyo zibize kakhulu kunezinye izinto. Ngaphezu kwalokho, umbala ogqamile wegolide wenza lezi zingcwecwe zingathandwa kakhulu yiziguli ezikhetha izinyo elibukeka njengelemvelo.
4. I-Porcelain
I-porcelain, noma i-ceramic, iyindlela yokugcwalisa enikeza izinzuzo ngokwendlela yobuhle nokuqina. I-porcelain ingalinganiswa nombala wamazinyo emvelo futhi ivame ukuqina kakhulu kunezinhlanganisela ze-resin. Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-porcelain ayishiyi amabala, okusho ukuthi ayishintshi umbala kalula ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.
Ukugcwalisa i-porcelain kuthatha isikhathi eside futhi kubiza kakhulu ukukubeka ngoba kuvame ukwenziwa elabhorethri yamazinyo. I-porcelain nayo iyaphuka kakhulu kunensimbi, okwenza lolu hlobo lokugcwalisa lufaneleke kakhulu ezindaweni zezinyo ezingathwali umthwalo wokuhlafuna.
5. I-Ionomer Yengilazi
I-ionomer yeglasi iyinto yokugcwalisa eyenziwe ngengxube yengilazi ne-acrylic acid. Le nto inenzuzo yokukhipha i-fluoride, engasiza ekuvimbeleni ukubola kwamazinyo okuqhubekayo. I-ionomer yeglasi ivame ukusetshenziswa ekugcwaliseni amazinyo ezingane kanye njengento yokugcwalisa yesikhashana.
Naphezu kwezinzuzo zazo zokuvimbela, ama-ionomer engilazi avame ukungabi namandla futhi angaqinile kune-resin composites kanye ne-amalgam. Ngaphezu kwalokho, awathandeki kangako ngobuhle ngoba umbala wawo awufanisi ngokugcwele namazinyo emvelo.
Izinto Okufanele Uzicabangele Ekukhetheni Izinto Zokunamathisela
Ukukhethwa kwezinto zokugcwalisa amazinyo kumele kwenziwe ngokucabangela izici ezahlukahlukene, okuhlanganisa:
1. Indawo Yamazinyo Aguquliwe: Amazinyo angemuva athwala umthwalo omkhulu wokuhlafuna angadinga izinto eziqinile njenge-amalgam noma igolide. Okwamanje, amazinyo angaphambili abonakala kakhulu adinga izinto zobuhle ezifana ne-porcelain noma i-resin ehlanganisiwe.
2. Impilo Yezicubu Zamazinyo Nezizungezile: Ukugcwalisa kufanele kusekele impilo yamazinyo iyonke. Isibonelo, izinto ezikhipha i-fluoride njenge-glass ionomers zingasetshenziswa emazinyweni avame ukuba nama-caries.
3. Ubuhle: Ezigulini eziningi, ikakhulukazi ezweni lanamuhla, ukubukeka kwamazinyo kubaluleke kakhulu. Izinto ezifana ne-resin composite kanye ne-porcelain zivame ukukhethwa ukuze kufezwe ubuhle bemvelo.
4. Izindleko: Izindleko zokugcwalisa ziyahlukahluka kuye ngokuthi yini esetshenzisiwe. Igolide libiza kakhulu, lilandelwe yi-porcelain. I-Amalgam kanye ne-resin composites zivame ukuba zingabizi kakhulu, kanti i-glass ionomer ivame ukuba yiyo engabizi kakhulu.
5. Ukusabela Kokungezwani Nomzimba kanye Nokuhambisana Komzimba: Ezinye iziguli zingase zibe nokusabela kokungezwani komzimba ezintweni ezithile. Ngakho-ke, kubalulekile ukukhetha izinto ezihambisanayo emzimbeni, njengegolide, cishe ezingabangeli ukusabela kokungezwani komzimba.
Isiphetho
Ukugcwalisa amazinyo kuyingxenye ebalulekile yokunakekelwa kwempilo yamazinyo, okuhloswe ngayo ukulungisa umonakalo nokugcina ukusebenza kanye nobuhle bamazinyo. Ukukhetha izinto zokugcwalisa amazinyo kuyisinqumo esidinga ukucatshangelwa ngokucophelela, njengoba izinto ngazinye zinezinzuzo kanye nokungalungi kwazo.
Into engcono kakhulu isiguli esingayenza ukubonisana nodokotela wamazinyo ukuze sixoxe ngezidingo zaso kanye nezinto esizithandayo ngokuningiliziwe. Ngale ndlela, ukukhetha izinto zokugcwalisa kungenziwa ngokwesimo samazinyo kanye nezidingo zesiguli ngasinye, kuqinisekiswe imiphumela emihle kuzo zonke izici, kusukela ekuqineni kuya ekubukekeni.
Ezweni elihlala lishintsha lobuchwepheshe bamazinyo, kuhlale kwenziwa izinto ezintsha ukuze kutholakale izinto zokugcwalisa ezingcono, eziphephile, nezinobuhle. Kodwa-ke, ukukhetha okungcono kakhulu kuhlala kuncike ekulinganiseni phakathi kwezidingo zezokwelapha, okuthandwa yisiguli, kanye nobuchwepheshe bochwepheshe bodokotela wamazinyo owelaphayo.
