Izinzuzo Nezingozi Zokwelashwa Ngama-hormone
Ukwelashwa ngama-hormone kuyindlela yokwelapha ehilela ukwandisa, ukwehlisa, noma ukushintsha amazinga ama-hormone emzimbeni ukuze kufezwe izinzuzo ezithile zezempilo noma ukwelapha izifo ezithile. Lokhu kwelashwa kungabandakanya ama-hormone emvelo akhiqizwa umzimba noma ama-hormone okwenziwa akhiqizwa elabhorethri. Nakuba ukwelashwa ngama-hormone kunikeza izinzuzo eziningi, futhi kunezingozi okufanele zicatshangelwe ngaphambi kokuthola lokhu kwelashwa. Lesi sihloko sizoxoxa ngezinzuzo nezingozi zokwelashwa ngama-hormone ngokuningiliziwe.
Izinzuzo Zokwelashwa Ngama-hormone
1. Ukwelashwa Kwezinkinga Zokuya Esikhathini
Enye yezinzuzo eziyinhloko zokwelashwa ngama-hormone yikhono layo lokubhekana nezinkinga zokuya esikhathini. Abesifazane ababhekana nokuya esikhathini okungajwayelekile, ubuhlungu obukhulu (i-dysmenorrhea), noma ukopha okukhulu bavame ukuthola impumuzo ngokwelashwa ngama-hormone. Ukwelashwa ngama-hormone kungasiza ekuqiniseni imijikelezo yokuya esikhathini futhi kunciphise izimpawu ezingakhululekile.
2. Ukunqamuka Kwesikhathi Nezimpawu Zakho
Ukunqamuka kokuya esikhathini kuyisigaba semvelo empilweni yowesifazane lapho imijikelezo yokuya esikhathini iyeka, ngokuvamile eyenzeka phakathi kweminyaka engu-45 no-55. Izimpawu zokunqamuka kokuya esikhathini ezifana nokushisa okukhulu, ukujuluka ebusuku, kanye nokoma kwesitho sangasese sowesifazane kungaba yinto ekhathazayo kakhulu. Ukwelashwa ngokushintsha ama-hormone (HRT) kungasiza ekunciphiseni lezi zimpawu ngokufaka esikhundleni se-estrogen enciphayo ngesikhathi sokunqamuka kokuya esikhathini.
3. Ukwelashwa Komdlavuza
Ukwelashwa ngama-hormone kusetshenziswa futhi ekwelapheni izinhlobo eziningana zomdlavuza, ikakhulukazi umdlavuza webele nowe-prostate. Kumdlavuza webele, ukwelashwa ngama-hormone kungasiza ekwehliseni amazinga e-estrogen, okunganciphisa noma kumise ukukhula kwamaseli omdlavuza. Kumdlavuza we-prostate, ukwelashwa ngama-hormone kunganciphisa amazinga e-testosterone, asekela ukukhula kwamaseli omdlavuza.
4. I-Osteoporosis
I-Osteoporosis yisimo lapho amathambo eba buthakathaka futhi aqhekeke khona, okuvame ukwenzeka kwabesifazane asebekhulile ngenxa yokwehla kwamazinga e-estrogen. Ukwelashwa kokushintsha ama-hormone kungasiza ekunciphiseni noma ekumiseni ukulahleka kwamathambo futhi kunciphise ingozi yokuqhekeka kwamathambo.
5. Ukuguquka Kobulili
Kubantu abashintshe ubulili, ukwelashwa ngama-hormone kuyingxenye ebalulekile yenqubo yokuguquka kobulili. Lokhu kwelashwa kusiza ekubangeleni izinguquko zomzimba ezihambisana nobunikazi bobulili bomuntu, njengokukhula kwamabele kwabesifazane abashintshe ubulili noma ukwanda kwemisipha kanye nokwehla kwamafutha emzimbeni kwabesilisa abashintshe ubulili.
6. Izinkinga Ze-Endocrine
Izinkinga ze-endocrine ezifana ne-hypothyroidism (ukukhiqizwa kwama-hormone e-thyroid aphansi) noma i-hyperthyroidism (ukukhiqizwa kwama-hormone e-thyroid ngokweqile) nazo zivame ukwelashwa ngokwelashwa kwama-hormone. Ngokulungisa amazinga ama-hormone emzimbeni, izimpawu ezihambisana nalezi zinkinga zingalawulwa futhi zilawulwe kangcono.
Izingozi Zokwelashwa Ngama-hormone
1. Umdlavuza
Enye yezingozi ezinkulu zokwelashwa ngama-hormone, ikakhulukazi i-HRT, kwabesifazane asebekhulile yingozi eyengeziwe yomdlavuza othile, njengomdlavuza webele nowesibeletho. Ezinye izifundo ziphakamisa ukuthi ukusetshenziswa isikhathi eside kwe-HRT kungandisa ingozi yale mdlavuza, yize ingozi iyahlukahluka kuye ngohlobo kanye nobude besikhathi sokwelashwa.
2. Isifo Senhliziyo
Kunobufakazi bokuthi ukwelashwa ngama-hormone kungandisa ingozi yesifo senhliziyo, ikakhulukazi kwabesifazane abaqala i-HRT eminyakeni engaphezu kweyi-10 ngemva kokunqamuka kokuya esikhathini. Ukwelashwa nge-estrogen kuphela noma i-estrogen-progestin ehlanganisiwe kuye kwahlotshaniswa nengozi eyengeziwe yezinkinga zenhliziyo njengokuhlaselwa yinhliziyo kanye nesifo sohlangothi.
3. Ukujiya kwegazi
Ukwelashwa ngama-hormone, ikakhulukazi ukwelashwa nge-estrogen, kungandisa ingozi yokwakheka kwamahlule egazi. Lesi simo saziwa ngokuthi i-deep vein thrombosis (DVT), futhi singaba yingozi uma amahlule eya emaphashini (pulmonary embolism).
4. Imiphumela Engemihle Yesisu
Kunemiphumela eminingana emibi yesisu ehlotshaniswa nokwelashwa ngama-hormone, njengesicanucanu, ukuqunjelwa, kanye nokunye ukuphazamiseka kokugaya ukudla. Le miphumela engemihle ingaba yinkinga enkulu futhi ngezinye izikhathi idinga ukulungiswa komthamo noma ushintsho ekwelashweni ngama-hormone.
5. Izinkinga Zengqondo
Ukwelashwa ngama-hormone kungathinta nenhlalakahle yengqondo nengokomzwelo yomuntu. Eminye imibiko ikhombisa ingozi eyengeziwe yokucindezeleka noma ukushintshashintsha kwemizwelo kwabanye abantu abathola ukwelashwa ngama-hormone, yize le miphumela ihlukahluka kumuntu nomuntu.
6. Ukwanda Kwesisindo
Ukwanda kwesisindo kungenye imiphumela emibi evamile ehlotshaniswa nokwelashwa ngama-hormone, ikakhulukazi i-HRT kanye nokwelashwa ngama-hormone okushintsha ubulili. Izinguquko ze-metabolic kanye nokwanda kwesifiso sokudla okubangelwa ama-hormone athile kungaholela ekukhuleni okukhulu kwesisindo.
Isiphetho
Ukwelashwa ngama-hormone kunikeza izinzuzo eziningi ezingenakuzinakwa, ikakhulukazi ekuphatheni izimo zezokwelapha ezifana nokuphazamiseka kokuya esikhathini, izimpawu zokunqamuka kokuya esikhathini, umdlavuza, i-osteoporosis, kanye nezinkinga ze-endocrine. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukwelashwa ngama-hormone kunikeza nezinzuzo ezibalulekile kubantu abashintshe ubulili enkambisweni yabo yokuguquka kobulili.
Kodwa-ke, njengazo zonke izinhlobo zokwelapha, ukwelashwa ngama-hormone nakho kunezingozi okumele zicatshangelwe ngokucophelela. Ingozi ekhulayo yomdlavuza, isifo senhliziyo, amahlule egazi, imiphumela emibi yesisu, ukucindezeleka kwengqondo, kanye nokukhuluphala ngezinye zezingozi ezingaba khona okufanele uziqaphele.
Kubalulekile ukuthi abantu abacabangela ukwelashwa ngama-hormone babonisane nochwepheshe wezokwelapha ofanelekayo. Ingxoxo ejulile ngezinzuzo nezingozi, kanye nokucabangela izimo zezokwelapha nezidingo zomuntu ngamunye, kubalulekile ngaphambi kokunquma ukwenza lokhu kwelashwa. Umuntu ngamunye usabela ngendlela ehlukile kuma-hormone, ngakho-ke ukwelashwa ngama-hormone kumele kulungiselelwe ukuze kutholakale imiphumela emihle futhi kuncishiswe izingozi ezingaba khona.
Ezweni lezokwelapha elihlala lishintsha, ucwaningo olwengeziwe kanye nokuqonda okujulile kokwelashwa kwama-hormone kuzoqhubeka nokusiza ukuthuthukisa ukusetshenziswa kwalokhu kwelashwa ukuze kuhlinzekwe ngezinzuzo eziphezulu ngezingozi ezincane.
