Ukuhlonza Nokuphathwa Kwe-Preeclampsia
I-Pendahuluan
I-Preeclampsia yisimo esibucayi sezokwelapha esingaholela ezinkingeni eziyingozi kumama kanye nosana. Ngokuvamile sivela ngemva kwesonto lama-20 lokukhulelwa futhi sibonakala ngomfutho wegazi ophakeme kanye nomonakalo wezitho zomzimba, ngokuvamile ezinso noma esibindini. Ukuhlonza ngesikhathi kanye nokwelashwa okuphumelelayo kubalulekile ukunciphisa ingozi yezinkinga. Lesi sihloko sizoxoxa ngokujulile nge-preeclampsia, kusukela ezicini eziyingozi kanye nezimpawu kuya emasu okwelapha.
Ukuhlonza i-Preeclampsia
Ukuhlonza i-preeclampsia kuqala ngokuqapha ngokucophelela izimpawu nezimo ezingaba khona ezihlobene nomfutho wegazi ophakeme ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa. Nazi ezinye zezingxenye ezibalulekile ekuhlonzeni i-preeclampsia:
1. Izimpawu Zomtholampilo:
Umfutho wegazi ophakeme (≥140/90 mmHg) ngemva kwamasonto angama-20 okukhulelwa.
Ukuba khona kweprotheyini emchameni (i-proteinuria).
Ubuhlungu bekhanda obungapheli obuqhubekayo.
Ukubona okufiphele noma ukuzwela ukukhanya.
Ubuhlungu be-epigastric noma ubuhlungu besisu esingaphezulu.
Ukuphefumula kanzima ngenxa yoketshezi oluningi emaphashini.
2. Ukuhlolwa Kwelebhu:
Ukuhlolwa kwelebhu kudlala indima ebalulekile ekuxilongweni kwe-preeclampsia:
Ukuhlolwa komchamo: Ukuthola i-proteinuria.
Ukuhlolwa kwegazi: Ukuhlola ukusebenza kwezinso nesibindi, kanye nenani lama-platelet.
I-USG: Ukuqapha ukukhula kombungu kanye nenani loketshezi lwe-amniotic.
3. Ukuhlolwa Kwengozi:
Kunezici eziningana ezingabangela ingozi ezingandisa amathuba owesifazane okuthola i-preeclampsia, okuhlanganisa:
Umlando we-preeclampsia ekukhulelweni kwangaphambilini.
Izimo zezokwelapha ezikhona, njengomfutho wegazi ophakeme ongapheli, isifo sikashukela, noma isifo sezinso.
Ukukhulelwa kokuqala.
Ukukhulelwa okuningi (amawele).
Ukuphathwa kwe-Preeclampsia
Ukwelashwa kwe-preeclampsia kuhlose ukwehlisa umfutho wegazi kamama nokwandisa isikhathi sokukhulelwa kuze kube sezingeni elifanele ukuze kuphephe umbungu. Ukwelashwa kungahluka kuye ngokuthi isimo sibucayi kangakanani kanye nobukhulu bokukhulelwa. Izinyathelo ezilandelayo ziyasetshenziswa ekuphathweni kwe-preeclampsia:
1. Ukuqapha Okuvamile:
Ukuqapha eduze umama nomntwana osanda kuzalwa kuhlanganisa:
Ukuhlolwa kwegazi njalo.
Ukuhlolwa komchamo ukuthola iphrotheni.
Hlola ukusebenza kwezitho ngokuhlolwa kwegazi.
Ukuqapha izinga lokushaya kwenhliziyo kwengane kanye ne-ultrasound.
2. Ukuphathwa Komfutho Wegazi:
Ukulawula umfutho wegazi kuyisinyathelo esibalulekile:
Ukusetshenziswa kwemithi yokwehlisa umfutho wegazi ngokwezincomo zikadokotela.
Imizamo yokwehlisa umfutho wegazi kufanele ihlanganise nezinguquko endleleni yokuphila, njengokunciphisa usawoti kanye nokwandisa ukuphumula.
3. Imithi Yokuvimbela:
Kwezinye izimo, udokotela wakho angase akunike i-aspirin ephansi njengendlela yokuvimbela, ikakhulukazi kwabesifazane abasengozini enkulu ye-preeclampsia.
4. Isiguli esilaliswe esibhedlela:
Ezimweni ze-preeclampsia enzima, kungadingeka ukuthi kulaliswe esibhedlela ukuze kuqashwe ngokucophelela.
I-magnesium sulfate inganikezwa ukuvimbela ukuxhuzula (i-eclampsia).
Kungadingeka ukwenza izinqumo ngokushesha nangokufanele mayelana nokuzalwa komntwana ukuze kugwenywe ukwenza isimo sikamama nesomntwana sibe sibi kakhulu.
5. Ukungeniswa Kwesibeletho noma Isigaba Sokuhlinzwa:
Uma i-preeclampsia isongela impilo kamama noma yomntwana, ukubeletha kungabangelwa:
Isinqumo sokubeletha ngesitho sangasese sowesifazane noma sokuhlinzwa sisekelwe ezimweni ezithile zikamama nomntwana osanda kuzalwa.
Uma ingane isifinyelele isikhathi esiphelele (≥ amasonto angu-37), ukubeletha ngokushesha kuyindlela engcono kakhulu.
6. Indlela Ephelele Nokusekelwa Kwengqondo:
Ukubaluleka kokunakekelwa okuphelele, okuhlanganisa ukwesekwa kwengqondo kanye nemfundo yomama, kufanele kugcizelelwe. I-Preeclampsia ingaba umthombo omkhulu wokucindezeleka kwabesifazane abakhulelwe, futhi ukwesekwa okuvela kochwepheshe bezempilo yengqondo nomndeni kungasiza ekulawuleni ukucindezeleka ngokomzwelo.
Ukuvimbela i-Preeclampsia
Nakuba kungezona zonke izimo ze-preeclampsia ezingavinjelwa, izinyathelo eziningana zingathathwa ukunciphisa ingozi:
1. Ukunakekelwa Okuvamile Kwangaphambi Kokubeletha:
Ukuhlolwa njalo kokukhulelwa kungasiza ekutholeni izimpawu zokuqala ze-preeclampsia.
2. Ukuphatha Indlela Yokuphila Enempilo:
Ukudla okunomsoco okugcwele izakhamzimba, ukuvivinya umzimba okulula, nokugwema ukucindezeleka ngokweqile kungasiza.
3. Ukuphatha Izimo Zezokwelapha Ezikhona:
Kwabesifazane abanezimo zempilo ezazikhona kakade njengomfutho wegazi ophakeme noma isifo sikashukela, ukuphathwa kahle kwalezi zimo kubalulekile.
4. Imfundo Nolwazi:
Imibhangqwana ehlela ukukhulelwa kufanele iqonde izingozi ezingaba khona kanye nezimpawu ze-preeclampsia ukuze ikwazi ukufuna ukwelashwa ngokushesha uma kudingeka.
Isiphetho
I-Preeclampsia yisimo esibucayi esidinga ukunakekelwa kwezokwelapha okusheshayo ukuze kuvinjelwe izinkinga kumama nosana. Ukuhlonza kusenesikhathi ngokuhlolwa okuvamile nokuqapha eduze, kanye nokwelashwa okufanele, kunganciphisa kakhulu izingozi ezihlobene nalesi simo. Ukusekelwa okuvela kochwepheshe bezempilo yengqondo nomndeni, kanye nemfundo mayelana ne-preeclampsia, nakho kudlala indima ebalulekile ekuphatheni lesi simo. Ngendlela ephelele, singathuthukisa impilo kamama nengane futhi sinciphise ukwanda kwezinkinga ezinkulu ezivela ku-preeclampsia.
