Indlela Efanele Yokutshala Ispinashi Samanzi
I-Water spinach iyimifino enomsoco kakhulu ethandwa kakhulu ezindaweni ezahlukene zase-Asia, okuhlanganisa ne-Indonesia. I-Water spinach (i-Ipomoea reptans) iyinhlobonhlobo ye-water spinach ekhula emhlabathini, ngokungafani ne-water spinach, ekhula ezindaweni ezinamanzi njengamachibi noma imifula. Ukutshala i-water spinach kungaba umsebenzi ojabulisayo wokulima ingadi futhi kukhiqize imifino emisha yezidingo zasekhaya. Nasi umhlahlandlela ophelele wokuthi ungatshala kanjani i-water spinach ngendlela efanele.
1. Ukukhetha Indawo Nokulungisa Indawo
Indawo
Khetha indawo ethola ukukhanya kwelanga okwanele, okungenani amahora angu-4-6 nsuku zonke. Nisela isipinashi sidinga ukukhanya kwelanga okuqondile ukuze sikhule kahle. Futhi, qiniseka ukuthi indawo inomsele omuhle wokukhipha amanzi ukuze ugweme amanzi angami, angalimaza izitshalo.
Ukulungisa Izwe
Inhlabathi ekahle yokutshala isipinashi emanzini yinhlabathi ekhululekile, evundile ene-pH ephakathi kuka-6 no-7. Ungahlola ukuvunda kwenhlabathi ngokubheka ukuthi ezinye izitshalo zikhula kahle yini endaweni, noma ngokusebenzisa imitha ye-pH yenhlabathi.
Susa ukhula namatshe endaweni okungavimbela ukukhula kwesipinashi sasemanzini. Bese uhlanganisa umanyolo wemvelo njengomquba noma umquba enhlabathini ukuze wandise ukuvunda. Ukulima kufanele kwenziwe cishe amasonto amabili ngaphambi kokutshala ukuqinisekisa ukuthi izakhamzimba ezisenhlabathini zilungele ukumuncwa yizitshalo.
2. Ukukhetha Imbewu Nokutshala
Ukukhetha Imbewu
Khetha imbewu yesipinashi yasemanzini esezingeni eliphezulu, evela ezitshalweni ezinempilo nezivundile. Ungathenga imbewu esitolo sezinto zasepulazini noma ulungiselele eyakho ezitshalweni zesipinashi zasemanzini osuzitshalile kakade.
Ukutshala
Uma umhlabathi nembewu sezilungile, isinyathelo esilandelayo inqubo yokutshala. Nazi izinyathelo:
1. Dala umbhede: Umbhede ulawula amanzi futhi unciphisa ingozi yokugcwala kwamanzi. Dala umbhede ongaba ngu-100 cm ububanzi no-20 cm ukuphakama, onebanga elingaba ngu-20-30 cm phakathi kombhede ngamunye.
2. Hlwanyela Imbewu: Hlwanyela imbewu ngokulinganayo phezu kombhede, uyihlukanise ngamasentimitha angu-5 ukuze izitshalo zikhule kahle. Ungamba futhi imigodi yokutshala ejule ngamasentimitha angu-1-2 bese utshala imbewu engu-2-3 emgodini ngamunye.
3. Mboza imbewu: Ngemva kokuhlwanyelwa kwembewu, mboza imbewu ngengqimba encane yomhlabathi, cishe u-0.5 cm, ukuvikela imbewu ekuphazamisekeni kwezilwane noma ekupheshulweni umoya.
3. Ukunakekelwa Kwezitshalo
Ukunisela
Isipinashi esisemhlabathini sidinga ukunisela okwanele, ikakhulukazi ezigabeni zokuqala zokukhula. Nisela izitshalo nsuku zonke, ekuseni nakusihlwa, kodwa qaphela ukuthi unganiseli kakhulu ukuze uvimbele ukugcwala kwamanzi, okungaholela ekuboleni kwezimpande.
Ukuvundisa
Ukuze usekele ukukhula okuhle, faka umanyolo owengeziwe ngomanyolo we-organic noma umanyolo we-NPK ngemva kokuba izitshalo sezinezinsuku eziyi-10-15 ubudala. Umanyolo ungaphindwa ngemva kokuba isipinashi samanzi sesifinyelele ezinsukwini ezingama-25 ubudala.
Ukususa ukhula
Ukhula ludinga ukususwa njalo ngoba lungancintisana nezitshalo ze-kale ukuze luthole izakhamzimba enhlabathini. Hlwanyela ukhula njalo ngemva kwesonto eli-1-2.
Ukuvimbela Izinambuzane Nezifo
Izitshalo zesipinashi zasemanzini zisengozini yokuhlaselwa yizinambuzane ezifana nezibungu, ama-aphid, nezifo zesikhunta. Ukuze uvimbele umonakalo owengeziwe, qapha njalo amaqabunga neziqu zesitshalo. Uma kutholakala izinambuzane noma izifo, thatha isinyathelo ngokushesha, njengokufutha ngesibulala-zinambuzane semvelo noma ukususa izingxenye zesitshalo ezithelelekile.
4. Ukuvuna
Isipinashi sasemhlabathini singavunwa ezinsukwini ezingaba ngu-20-30 ngemuva kokutshala, kuye ngezimo zokukhula kanye nokunakekelwa. Nansi indlela yokuvuna isipinashi sasemhlabathini:
1. Sebenzisa ummese noma isikelo: Sika isiqu sesitshalo ngommese noma isikelo cishe ngamasentimitha angu-3-5 ngaphezu komhlabathi. Sika ekuseni noma kusihlwa ngemva kokunisela isitshalo, njengoba lokhu kwenzeka lapho okuqukethwe amanzi esitshalweni kuphakeme ngokwanele, okwenza kube lula ukusika.
2. Naka isimo sesitshalo: Thena izitshalo ezinkulu ngokwanele futhi ezinempilo kuphela. Ukuthena kaningi kakhulu noma ngokushesha kakhulu ezitshalweni ezingakakulungeli kungabangela ukucindezeleka.
Uma isipinashi samanzi sesivuniwe, singasetshenziswa ngqo ezitsheni ezahlukahlukene noma sithengiswe emakethe. Ungagcina futhi isipinashi samanzi esivuniwe ezikhwameni zepulasitiki ezinezimbobo bese usigcina esiqandisini ukuze sihlale sisha isikhathi eside.
5. Ukuphathwa Ngemva Kokuvuna
Ukuze kugcinwe ikhwalithi yesipinashi esivuniwe, nanka amanye amathiphu okuphatha ngemva kokuvunwa:
1. Geza bese womisa: Geza i-kale ngokushesha ngamanzi ahlanzekile ukuze ususe noma yikuphi ukungcola kanye nemfucumfucu. Yomisa i-kale ngendwangu ehlanzekile noma uyiphaphe ukuze yomise.
2. Indawo Yokugcina: Gcina i-kale ehlanziwe esikhwameni sepulasitiki esinezimbobo esiqandisini ukuze ihlale isha. I-kale ingahlala izinsuku ezifika kwezingu-3-5 esiqandisini ekushiseni okuphansi.
Ukutshala isipinashi samanzi kuyindlela ephumelelayo nejabulisayo yokuthola imifino emisha ngokuzimela. Ngokulandela izinyathelo ezingenhla, ungajabulela isivuno sesipinashi samanzi esiningi nesisezingeni eliphezulu. Sithemba ukuthi lo mhlahlandlela uwusizo kulabo kini abafuna ukuzama ukulima emakhaya. Inhlanhla futhi nijabulele isivuno esikhulu!
