Ama-microwave: Ubuchwepheshe Obushintshe Impilo Yanamuhla
Ama-microwave, avame ukubizwa ngokuthi ama-microwave, awuhlobo lwemisebe kagesi enama-wavelength asukela ku-millimeter eyodwa kuya kumitha elilodwa, kanye nama-frequency asukela ku-300 MHz (0,3 GHz) kuya ku-300 GHz. Lobu buchwepheshe buthuthuke ngokushesha kusukela ekutholakaleni kwabo kokuqala futhi sebuyingxenye ebalulekile yokuphila kwansuku zonke. Lesi sihloko sizoxoxa ngencazelo yama-microwave, umlando wokuthuthukiswa kwawo, ukusetshenziswa kwawo emikhakheni eyahlukene, kanye nomthelela wawo kanye nekusasa lawo.
Incazelo kanye nezici zama-Microwave
Ama-microwave asebenza ku-electromagnetic spectrum phakathi kwamagagasi omsakazo namagagasi e-infrared. Ama-microwave angahamba nge-vacuum, emoyeni, emanzini, nakwezinye izinto eziqinile, kuye ngokuthi avame kangakanani kanye nobude bawo. Lezi zici zenza ama-microwave abe nezimo eziningi kakhulu ekusetshenzisweni kobuchwepheshe.
Umlando Nokuthuthukiswa Kwama-Microwave
Ukutholakala kwama-microwave kwahilela ososayensi abaningi nonjiniyela abavela emikhakheni eyahlukene. Okunye okubalulekile okutholakale emlandweni wama-microwave kwaba ukuthuthukiswa kwe-magnetron ngesikhathi seMpi Yezwe II, eyayisetshenziselwa i-radar. I-magnetron iyipayipi le-vacuum elikhiqiza ama-microwave anamandla futhi asebenzayo, asetshenziswa ukuthola izindiza zesitha. Ngo-1945, unjiniyela uPercy Spencer wathola ukuthi ama-microwave akhiqizwa yi-magnetron angafudumeza ukudla, okwagcina kuholele ekuthuthukisweni kwe-oven yokuqala yama-microwave.
Ukusetshenziswa kwe-Microwave Empilweni Yansuku Zonke
1. Ihhavini le-microwave
Mhlawumbe indlela eyaziwa kakhulu yokusebenzisa ama-microwave yi-microwave oven esetshenziswa emakhishini asekhaya. Lawa ma-oven asebenza ngokukhiqiza ama-microwave amuncwa amanzi, amafutha, kanye nama-molecule kashukela ekudleni. Le nqubo ibangela ukuthi la ma-molecule adlidlize ngokushesha, akhiqize ukushisa okupheka ukudla ngokushesha nangokulinganayo.
2. Ezokuxhumana
Ama-microwave ayinsika yezinhlelo eziningi zokuxhumana ezingenantambo, okuhlanganisa omakhalekhukhwini, amanethiwekhi e-Wi-Fi, kanye nezinhlelo zesathelayithi. Ngenxa yokuthi ama-microwave ahamba ngokushesha futhi anamandla okungena, alungele ukudlulisa idatha eningi emabangeni amade.
3. I-radar
I-Radar (Ukuthola Nokukala Kwemisakazo) ubuchwepheshe obusebenzisa ama-microwave ukuthola nokunquma indawo, isivinini, kanye nesiqondiso sezinto ezikude. Ama-microwave akhishwa bese ebuyiselwa emuva yinto, kanye nokushintsha kwesikhathi kanye nemvamisa yalezi zibukiso ezisetshenziswa ukukala indawo kanye nokunyakaza kwento.
4. Ezokwelapha
Emkhakheni wezokwelapha, ama-microwave asetshenziswa ezinqubweni ezahlukahlukene zokuxilonga kanye nokwelapha. Izibonelo zifaka phakathi i-diathermy, lapho ama-microwave asetshenziswa khona ukufudumeza izicubu zomzimba ku-physiotherapy. Ama-microwave asetshenziswa futhi ukufudumeza amathumba noma izicubu eziqondiwe kwezinye izinhlobo zokwelapha umdlavuza.
5. Isayensi Yezinkanyezi Nezithombe Zesathelayithi
Ku-astronomy, ama-microwave asetshenziselwa ukutadisha izinto ezikude kanye nezenzakalo ezisemkhathini, njenge-cosmic background radiation (CBS), eyaziwa njengobufakazi obuqinile be-Big Bang theory. Ama-satellite athwebula izithombe asebenzisa ama-microwave ukubuka ubuso boMhlaba ngaphansi kwezimo zezulu ezahlukahlukene.
Umthelela We-Microwave Empilweni
Nakuba ama-microwave ewusizo kakhulu, kukhona ukukhathazeka ngemiphumela yawo yempilo. Ukuchayeka ngokweqile kuma-microwave kungaba yingozi. Isibonelo, imisebe engalawuleki evela kuhhavini we-microwave owonakele noma ongasebenzi kahle ingabangela ukusha kanye nokulimala kwezicubu.
Kodwa-ke, ngaphansi kwezindinganiso ezijwayelekile zokusetshenziswa nokuphepha, njengasekhishini lasekhaya noma kwezokuxhumana, izingozi zempilo ezihlobene nama-microwave zincane kakhulu. Izinhlangano zezempilo zomhlaba wonke ziyaqhubeka nokuqapha nokunikeza isiqondiso ukuqinisekisa ukuthi ukuchayeka kuma-microwave kuhlala ngaphakathi kwemingcele ephephile.
Ukusungula Ama-microwave kanye Nekusasa
Njengoba ubuchwepheshe buthuthuka, ukusetshenziswa kwama-microwave kuyaqhubeka nokukhula. Kuyaqhubeka nokuvela izinto ezintsha, njengokuthuthukiswa kokwenziwa kwe-microwave-assisted in chemistry ukuze kusheshiswe ukusabela kwamakhemikhali, noma kubuchwepheshe bezokwelapha ukuze kwandiswe ukunemba ezinqubweni zokuhlinzwa ezingangenisi uhlaselo.
Emkhakheni wamandla, abacwaningi bayaqhubeka nokuhlola izindlela zokusebenzisa ama-microwave ukudlulisa amandla ngaphandle kwentambo. Isibonelo, ucwaningo luyaqhubeka mayelana nokuthumela amandla elanga kusuka emkhathini aye eMhlabeni kusetshenziswa ama-microwave, okunganikeza ikhambi lezidingo zamandla zesikhathi esizayo.
Ucwaningo luphinde luthuthukise izinto ezintsha ezingasebenzisa ama-microwave ngempumelelo ngezinjongo ezithile, njenge-antenna esekelwe ezintweni ezibonakalayo ezingakhulisa ukusebenza kahle kokuxhumana kanye nobubanzi.
Isiphetho
Ama-microwave angenye yezinto ezintsha zobuchwepheshe ezibaluleke kakhulu zekhulu lama-20 futhi ayaqhubeka nokudlala indima ebalulekile ekuthuthukisweni kobuchwepheshe besimanje. Ngezinhlelo zokusebenza ezisukela ekufudumaleni ukudla ekhishini kuya ekuxhumaneni ngesathelayithi kanye nobuchwepheshe bezokwelapha, ama-microwave angene kuzo zonke izici zokuphila komuntu, enikeza ukulula nokusebenza kahle okungakaze kubonwe ngaphambili.
Njenganoma yiluphi ubuchwepheshe, ukusetshenziswa kwe-microwave kumele kuphathwe ngokucophelela ukuze kuncishiswe izingozi zempilo nezemvelo. Ukubhekwa yizikhungo zezempilo kanye nemithetho eqinile kuqinisekisa ukuthi izinzuzo ze-microwave zingajatshulelwa ngaphandle kwezingozi eziningi.
Njengoba kunethuba elikhulu elingakahlolwa ngokugcwele, ikusasa lobuchwepheshe be-microwave libonakala liqhakazile. Ukusungula izinto ezintsha kuyaqhubeka, kuvula indlela yezinhlelo zokusebenza ezintsha ezingaguqula indlela esiphila ngayo, esisebenza ngayo, nesixhumana ngayo, okwenza ama-microwave abe ubuchwepheshe obubalulekile kulesi sikhathi sedijithali.
