Izinzuzo Zokwelapha Ngokuzivocavoca Ekwelashweni Ngemva Kokuhlinzwa Kwenhliziyo
Ukuhlinzwa kwenhliziyo—njengokufakelwa kwemithambo yenhliziyo (i-CABG), ukulungiswa noma ukushintshwa kwe-valve, kanye nokufakelwa kwamadivayisi athile—kuvame ukuba yisinyathelo esibalulekile ekusindiseni izimpilo kanye nokuthuthukisa ikhwalithi yokuphila. Kodwa-ke, impumelelo yokuhlinzwa ayinqunywa nje kuphela inqubo esegumbini lokuhlinza kodwa futhi nekhwalithi yokunakekelwa ngemva kokuhlinzwa. Esinye isici sokululama esivame ukunquma ukuthi isiguli sibuyela ngokushesha kangakanani emisebenzini yaso evamile yi-physiotherapy. I-physiotherapy ngemva kokuhlinzwa kwenhliziyo idlala indima ekusizeni ukubuyisela ukusebenza komzimba, ukwandisa amandla omzimba, kanye nokuvimbela izinkinga ezingavela ngesikhathi sokulaliswa esibhedlela nangemva kokubuyela ekhaya.
1. Isheshisa Ukuvuselelwa Komsebenzi Wokuphefumula
Ngemva kokuhlinzwa kwenhliziyo, iziguli zivame ukubhekana nokusebenza kwamaphaphu okwehla. Lokhu kungathonywa ukusetshenziswa kwe-anesthesia, ubuhlungu besifuba, ukulala isikhathi eside, kanye nokuba khona kwamapayipi noma amadivayisi ezokwelapha. Lezi zimo zingabangela iziguli ukuba ziphefumule kancane futhi zingathandi ukukhwehlela ngenxa yokwesaba ubuhlungu, okuholela ekuqongeleleni kwamafinyila kanye nengozi eyengeziwe yokutheleleka.
Ukwelashwa nge-physiotherapy kusiza ukubuyisela amaphethini okuphefumula asebenzayo ngokusebenzisa izivivinyo zokuphefumula ze-diaphragmatic, izivivinyo zokukhulisa amaphaphu, kanye namasu okukhwehlela asebenzayo. Odokotela bezokwelapha bangafundisa nokusebenzisa amadivayisi okusiza njenge-spirometers yokukhuthaza ukwandisa amaphaphu kancane kancane. Izinzuzo zokugcina zifaka phakathi ukuthuthukiswa komoya-mpilo, ukuncipha kokuphelelwa umoya, kanye nengozi encishisiwe yezinkinga zamaphaphu—njenge-atelectasis (ukuwa kwamaphaphu okungaphelele) noma i-pneumonia.
2. Ukunciphisa Ingozi Yezinkinga Ezibangelwa Ukuphumula Embhedeni
Ngemva kokuhlinzwa, iziguli zivame ukudinga ukuphumula embhedeni, ikakhulukazi ezinsukwini zokuqala. Ukuphumula embhedeni isikhathi eside kungandisa ingozi yokuqhekeka kwegazi (i-deep vein thrombosis), kunciphise amandla emisipha, ukuqina kwamalunga, futhi kunciphise nokukhuthazela. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukujikeleza kwegazi kungahamba kancane, kwenze iziguli zizizwe zikhathele kalula lapho ziqala ukunyakaza.
Ukwelashwa nge-physiotherapy kudlala indima ngokunyakaza kwasekuseni okuphephile, kusukela ekuzilolongeni eceleni kombhede, ukuhlala eceleni kombhede, ukuma, nokuthuthuka kancane kancane kuya ekuhambeni, kuye ngesimo sesiguli. Ukunyakaza kwasekuseni kuye kwabonakala kusiza ukugcina ukusebenza kwemisipha, ukuthuthukisa ukugeleza kwegazi, nokunciphisa ingozi yezinkinga. Lolu hlelo lwenziwa ngokuqapha eduze umfutho wegazi, izinga lokushaya kwenhliziyo, ukugcwala komoya-mpilo, kanye nokusabela komzimba emsebenzini.
3. Kubuyisela Amandla Omzimba Nokukhuthazela
Iziguli eziningi zibhekana nokwehla kokuqina komzimba ngemva kokuhlinzwa ngenxa yokucindezeleka ngokomzimba, imikhawulo yomsebenzi, kanye nezinguquko ze-metabolic ngesikhathi sokululama. Ubuthakathaka bemisipha bungenzeka ngisho nasezigulini ezazisebenza ngaphambilini, njengoba umzimba udinga isikhathi sokululama ngemva kwenqubo enkulu.
Ukwelashwa nge-physiotherapy kusiza ukuthuthukisa amandla emisipha nokukhuthazela ngokuzivocavoca kancane kancane. Qala ngokuzivocavoca okunamandla amancane njengokuhamba okufushane emzileni wesibhedlela, ukuzivocavoca ngezingalo nemilenze okulula, bese uthuthukela ekuzivocavoceni okulinganiselwe kwe-aerobic. Le ndlela kancane kancane ibalulekile ukugwema ukusebenza ngokweqile kwenhliziyo ngenkathi usanikeza isikhuthazo esifanele sokululama nokuzivumelanisa nezimo.
4. Khulisa ukuphepha kwemisebenzi yansuku zonke
Ngemva kokuhlinzwa kwenhliziyo, iziguli eziningi zizizwa zingabaza ukunyakaza. Ukukhathazeka okunjengokuthi "ingabe izithungo zizokhululeka?" noma "ingabe inhliziyo yami izoqina?" kuvame ukuvela, okuholela endleleni yokuphila engenzi lutho. Kodwa-ke, umsebenzi ofanele ungasheshisa ukululama.
Odokotela be-physiotherapists basiza iziguli ukuthi zifunde ukwenza imisebenzi yansuku zonke ngokuphephile, okuhlanganisa nendlela yokuvuka zilele, zihlale, futhi zime ngaphandle kokucindezela okungadingekile endaweni yokuhlinzwa, kanye nendlela yokukhuphuka kancane kancane izitebhisi. Ezigulini ezihlinzwayo ezifaka ukuvula i-sternum (sternotomy), odokotela be-physiotherapists bazofundisa nezimiso "zokuqapha kwangemuva," noma iziqondiso zokuphepha zokuvikela indawo yesifuba ngesikhathi sokunyakaza, njengokugwema ukusunduza okunzima ngezandla zombili noma ukuphakamisa izinto ezisindayo ngesikhathi sokuqala.
5. Yehlisa Ubuhlungu Nokucindezeleka Kwemisipha
Ubuhlungu obuvela ngemva kokuhlinzwa buvamile, kodwa uma bungaphathwa kahle, bungaphazamisa ukululama. Ubuhlungu bungavimbela ukuphefumula okujulile, bunciphise ukunyakaza, futhi bubangele ukucindezeleka kwemisipha emahlombe, entanyeni nasemhlane. Ngenxa yalokho, iziguli zingase zibe nesimo sokuma esigobile noma ukunyakaza okulinganiselwe kwamahlombe.
Ukwelashwa nge-physiotherapy kungasiza ekunciphiseni ubuhlungu ngokusebenzisa izivivinyo zokunyakaza ezilawulwayo, imfundo yokuma, kanye namasu okuphumula. Ngokunyakaza okufanele nokuphephile, iziguli zinganciphisa ukuqina futhi zithuthukise induduzo. Yiqiniso, ukuphathwa kobuhlungu kuhlala kwenziwa ngokubambisana nethimba lezokwelapha, okuhlanganisa odokotela nabahlengikazi, ukuqinisekisa ukuthi iziguli zithola ukwelashwa okuphelele.
6. Kusiza ekulawuleni imisebenzi kanye namaphethini amandla
Iziguli ezisanda kuhlinzwa kwenhliziyo zivame ukuzwa ukukhathala okungajwayelekile. Lokhu kukhathala kungenza kube nzima ngeziguli ukunquma ukuthi ziziphike nini nokuthi ziphumule nini. Uma umsebenzi unzima kakhulu, iziguli zingaba nokuphefumula okunzima, isiyezi, noma umfutho wegazi ophansi. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, uma umsebenzi ungasebenzi kahle, kungaba nzima ukuphinda uphile kahle.
Odokotela be-physiotherapists basiza ukuklama uhlelo lomsebenzi olulinganisekayo oluhambisana namakhono abo. Iziguli zifundiswa ukuqaphela izimpawu zomzimba, ukusebenzisa izikali zokuqonda ukukhathala (isb., i-Borg Scale), nokuzijwayeza "ukuhamba ngesivinini," noma ukwabela amandla, ukuqinisekisa ukuthi imisebenzi yansuku zonke ayibanciphisi amandla abo. Ngenxa yalokho, iziguli zithola ukuzethemba okwengeziwe futhi zithuthukela ekululameni okuzinzile.
7. Isekela Ukuvuselelwa Kwenhliziyo Kwesikhathi Eside
Ukwelashwa nge-physiotherapy kuvame ukuba yingxenye yokuqala yohlelo lokuvuselela inhliziyo. Ukuvuselelwa kwenhliziyo akugxili nje ekuzivocavoceni ngokomzimba kodwa futhi kuhlanganisa nemfundo yendlela yokuphila, ukulawula ukucindezeleka, kanye nokuphathwa kwezinto eziyingozi ezifana nomfutho wegazi, i-cholesterol, isifo sikashukela, kanye nokubhema.
Ngokuqhubeka nokuvuselelwa, iziguli zingathuthukisa amandla azo okuphefumula kwenhliziyo, zinciphise ingozi yezehlakalo zenhliziyo eziphindaphindayo, futhi zithuthukise ikhwalithi yokuphila kwazo. Lezi zinhlelo ngokuvamile zihlanganisa isigaba sangaphakathi esibhedlela, isigaba esihlelekile sokulaliswa esibhedlela, kanye nesigaba sokuzinakekela ekhaya—konke okungase kuhilele udokotela wezokwelapha ngokomzimba njengomgqugquzeli wokuzivocavoca kanye nomqaphi wenqubekela phambili.
8. Thuthukisa Izici Zengqondo Nekhwalithi Yempilo
Ukululama ngemva kokuhlinzwa kwenhliziyo akukhona nje ngokomzimba. Iziguli eziningi zibhekana nokukhathazeka, ukwesaba umsebenzi, noma ngisho nezimpawu zokucindezeleka ngenxa yezinguquko ezibalulekile empilweni yazo. Lapho umzimba uzizwa ubuthakathaka nemisebenzi ilinganiselwe, ukuzethemba kungancipha.
Ukwelashwa nge-physiotherapy kusiza iziguli ukuthi zibone intuthuko ebonakalayo usuku nosuku—isibonelo, kusukela ekukwazini ukuhlala, bese kuma, bese kuhamba phambili. Ukuthuthuka okuncane okuqhubekayo kungandisa ugqozi kanye nokuzethemba emandleni omzimba okululama. Ukusekelwa kwezemfundo kanye nokuxhumana okuhle phakathi kochwepheshe be-physiotherapist nesiguli nakho kudlala indima ekunciphiseni ukukhathazeka.
Isiphetho
Ukwelashwa nge-physiotherapy kunikeza izinzuzo ezibalulekile ekunakekelweni ngemva kokuhlinzwa kwenhliziyo. Kuthuthukisa ukusebenza kokuphefumula, kuvimbela izinkinga zokuphumula embhedeni, kwandisa amandla nokukhuthazela, futhi kusiza iziguli ukuthi zibuyele emisebenzini yansuku zonke ngokuphephile. Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-physiotherapy isebenza njengebhuloho lokuvuselelwa kwenhliziyo isikhathi eside, okunganciphisa ingozi yezinkinga zenhliziyo eziphindaphindayo futhi kuthuthukise ikhwalithi yokuphila.
Kubantu abahlinzwe inhliziyo ngemva kokuhlinzwa, ukubamba iqhaza ohlelweni lwe-physiotherapy njengoba kunconywe yithimba lezokwelapha akuyona nje into eyengeziwe ongayikhetha, kodwa yingxenye ebalulekile yenqubo yokululama. Ngendlela elinganisiwe, ephephile, futhi ehamba kancane, i-physiotherapy isiza iziguli ukuba zibuyele empilweni esebenzayo, ezimele, nenempilo.
