I-PHYSIOLOGY

Isakhiwo kanye Nomsebenzi we-Endoplasmic Reticulum I-endoplasmic reticulum (ER) iyi-organelle ebalulekile ngaphakathi kwamaseli e-eukaryotic, edlala indima enkulu ekukhiqizweni, ekucutshungulweni, nasekusatshalalisweni kwama-molecule ahlukahlukene. Le organelle yakha inethiwekhi enkulu, exhumene yama-membrane, efana "nefektri" kanye "nomzila wokuthutha" ngaphakathi kweseli. Ngenxa yemisebenzi yayo eyahlukahlukene, i-endoplasmic reticulum iyisihluthulelo sokugcina... Funda kabanzi

Imiphumela Yokubhema Esistimu Yokuphefumula Ukubhema kusengomunye wemikhuba evame kakhulu emphakathini, naphezu kwezingozi zayo zempilo ezaziwayo. Enye yezinhlelo zomzimba ezithinteka ngokushesha nangokubi kakhulu ukubhema uhlelo lokuphefumula. Ukufuthwa ngakunye kwentuthu kagwayi kuthwala ingxube yamakhemikhali ayizinkulungwane, okuhlanganisa i-nicotine, i-tar, i-carbon monoxide, i-formaldehyde, i-benzene, … Funda kabanzi

Izinzuzo Zama-Flavonoid Empilweni Yenhliziyo Impilo yenhliziyo ingenye yezici ezibaluleke kakhulu zokugcina ikhwalithi yokuphila. Izifo zenhliziyo ezifana nesifo senhliziyo, umfutho wegazi ophakeme, kanye nesifo sohlangothi zisalokhu ziyimbangela ehamba phambili yokufa emazweni amaningi, okuhlanganisa ne-Indonesia. Ngakho-ke, izinyathelo zokuvimbela ngokudla okunempilo ziya ngokuya ziqashelwa. Iqembu elilodwa lamakhemikhali emvelo a… Funda kabanzi

Umsebenzi Wemithambo Yenhliziyo Ekuhlinzekweni Kwe-Oksijini Enhliziyweni Inhliziyo iyisitho esibalulekile esisebenza ngokungakhathali ukupompa igazi emzimbeni wonke. Ukuze ifinyele njalo futhi ngamandla, imisipha yenhliziyo (i-myocardium) idinga ukuhlinzekwa okuqhubekayo komoya-mpilo nezakhamzimba. Ngokuthakazelisayo, yize inhliziyo iqukethe igazi emakamelweni ayo, imisipha yenhliziyo ayikhiphi umoya-mpilo ngqo egazini elingaphakathi... Funda kabanzi

Indima Yama-Electrolyte Ekuqhutshweni Kukagesi Kwamaselula Ukuqhutshekiswa kukagesi kuyisici esiyisisekelo sokuphila. Cishe yonke inqubo ebalulekile yezinto eziphilayo—kusukela ekuncipheni kwemisipha kanye nokudluliselwa kwemizwa yemizwa kuya ekukhiqizweni kwama-hormone—kuncike ekhonweni leseli lokukhiqiza nokulawula ugesi. Kulesi simo, ama-electrolyte adlala indima ebalulekile. Ama-electrolyte ayizinto ezihlukana zibe ama-ion ashajekile lapho encibilikiswa emanzini, … Funda kabanzi

Ukubaluleka Kwe-Cholesterol Ekwakhekeni Kwama-Hormone I-Cholesterol ivame ukubhekwa "njengesitha" sempilo ngoba ivame ukuhlotshaniswa nesifo senhliziyo nemithambo yegazi. Kodwa-ke, i-cholesterol akuyona nje into eyingozi okufanele igwenywe. Emzimbeni, i-cholesterol inemisebenzi ebaluleke kakhulu yezinto eziphilayo, enye yayo ewukuba yizinto eziyinhloko zokwakheka kwama-hormone ahlukahlukene abalulekile. Ngaphandle kwe-cholesterol, umzimba awukwazi… Funda kabanzi

Umsebenzi Wama-Amino Acids Esakhiweni Samaprotheni Amaprotheni angenye yama-biomolecule ayinhloko akha izinto eziphilayo. Cishe zonke izinqubo zezinto eziphilayo—kusukela ekwakhekeni kwezicubu kanye nomsebenzi wama-enzyme kuya ekuthuthweni kwezinto kanye nezimpendulo zomzimba—zincike kumaprotheni. Kodwa-ke, amaprotheni awawona amayunithi akodwa, asevele enziwe. Amaprotheni akhiwa izingxenye ezincane ezibizwa ngokuthi ama-amino acid. Ukuqonda umsebenzi wama-amino acid… Funda kabanzi

Indlela Inhliziyo Ephampa Ngayo Igazi Inhliziyo iyinjini eyinhloko ohlelweni lokujikeleza kwegazi lomuntu. Njalo ngomzuzwana, lesi sitho esilingana nesandla sisebenza ngokungakhathali ukujikeleza igazi emzimbeni wonke. Igazi lithwala umoya-mpilo nezakhamzimba liye emangqamuzaneni, kuyilapho lisusa ne-carbon dioxide kanye nemfucuza ye-metabolic ukuze ikhishwe. Ngaphandle kokupompa okuqhubekayo kwenhliziyo, izitho ezibalulekile ezifana… Funda kabanzi

Isakhiwo Nomsebenzi We-Cerebrum I-cerebrum iyingxenye enkulu kakhulu yesimiso sezinzwa somuntu esiyinhloko. Lesi sakhiwo sithatha ingxenye enkulu yomgodi wobuchopho futhi siyisikhungo sokulawula esiyinhloko semisebenzi yethu eminingi yansuku zonke, kusukela ekucabangeni nasekukhumbuleni kuya ekukhulumeni nasekuchazeni izisusa zezinzwa kuya ekulawuleni ukunyakaza okuqaphelayo. Ngaphandle kwe-cerebrum, abantu bebengeke bakwazi… Funda kabanzi

Umphumela Wokukhuluphala Engcupheni Yesifo Senhliziyo Ukukhuluphala ngokweqile yisimo lapho amafutha amaningi emzimbeni eqongelela khona, okungaba yingozi empilweni. Emashumini eminyaka amuva nje, amazinga okukhuluphala akhuphukile emazweni ahlukahlukene, okuhlanganisa ne-Indonesia. Ukudla okunama-calorie amaningi, indlela yokuphila yokuhlala phansi, ukuntuleka kokuzilolonga ngokomzimba, ukulala okungajwayelekile, kanye nokucindezeleka isikhathi eside kungenye yezinto ezibangela lokhu. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, isifo senhliziyo... Funda kabanzi