Indima Yefilosofi Ekuziphatheni Kwebhizinisi
Ezweni lebhizinisi elisheshayo, izindlela zokulinganisa impumelelo zivame ukuncishiswa zibe izinombolo: ukukhula, isabelo semakethe, inzuzo ehlanzekile, kanye nokulinganisa. Kodwa-ke, ngemuva kwazo zonke lezi zinkomba kukhona umbuzo owodwa oyisisekelo ongenakuphendulwa yizitatimende zezimali: ingabe sifinyelela impumelelo ngendlela efanele? Yilapho ifilosofi iqala khona ukusebenza. Ifilosofi akuyona nje inkulumo engaqondakali, kodwa kunalokho iwuhlaka olusiza abantu ukuhlola izenzo—kufaka phakathi izenzo zebhizinisi—ngokusekelwe ezizathwini ezifanele. Ukuziphatha kwebhizinisi, njengegatsha lokuziphatha okusebenzayo, kudonsa isisekelo salo somqondo kanye nendlela yokusebenza kufilosofi ukuqinisekisa ukuthi izinqumo zenkampani azigcini nje ngokuba “zisebenza kahle” kodwa futhi “zinhle.”
Ifilosofi njengesisekelo sokucabanga kokuziphatha
Ifilosofi, ikakhulukazi ifilosofi yokuziphatha (izimiso zokuziphatha), inikeza amathuluzi okuphendula imibuzo ejwayelekile: yini okufanele yenziwe? Esimweni sebhizinisi, le mibuzo ivela ngezindlela eziqondile: ingabe kunengqondo ukuphakamisa amanani ngesikhathi senhlekelele? Izinkampani kufanele ziqoqe idatha yamakhasimende ngezinga elingakanani? Ingabe ukusebenza kahle kuvumela ukuxoshwa kwabantu abaningi? Ukuziphatha kahle kwebhizinisi kudinga indlela eqhubekayo yokucabanga ukuze kuhlolwe izinkinga ezinjalo. Ifilosofi isiza ukuhlela izimpikiswano, ukuhlola ukucabanga, nokubona izindinganiso ezingqubuzanayo ngemuva kwezinqumo.
Ngaphandle kwendlela yefilosofi, ukuziphatha kwebhizinisi kuba lula ukuba yigama elibalulekile—njengokuthi “ubuqotho” noma “ukukhathalela”—okuzwakala kukuhle kodwa akunikezi siqondiso lapho izindinganiso zingqubuzana. Ifilosofi yenza ukuziphatha kube ngaphezu kwezinhloso ezinhle nje; iba yindlela yokucabanga efuna ukuziphendulela.
Izinhlaka zokuziphatha: ukulandelana, i-deontology, kanye nokuziphatha okuhle
Indima yefilosofi ibonakala ngemibono yokuziphatha evame ukusetshenziswa ukuhlola izinqubomgomo nemikhuba yebhizinisi.
Okokuqala, ukulandelana (utilityism) kuhlola izenzo ngokusekelwe emthonjeni wazo. Ebhizinisini, le ndlela ikhuthaza ukucatshangelwa kwezinzuzo nezindleko kubantu abaningi: amakhasimende, abasebenzi, abatshalizimali, kanye nomphakathi. Isibonelo, isinqumo sokukhumbula umkhiqizo onephutha singalimaza inkampani esikhathini esifushane, kodwa sivimbela izingozi zokuphepha komphakathi futhi sigcina ukwethembana isikhathi eside. Utilityism ibalulekile ngoba ibhizinisi lihlala likhiqiza imiphumela yomphakathi, hhayi nje inzuzo yangaphakathi.
Kodwa-ke, indlela elandelanayo nayo inezingozi: uma isilinganiso "senzuzo enkulu" sichazwa njengenzuzo kuphela, amalungelo eqembu elincane angase ancishwe. Ngakho-ke, ifilosofi iyasisiza ukusikhumbuze ukuthi "okuhle" akusho ukuthi "kunenzuzo" - nokuthi abantu abazona nje izinombolo ekubalweni.
Okwesibili, i-deontology igcizelela izibopho nezimiso. Ngokwezimiso zokuziphatha zaseKantian, isibonelo, abantu baphathwa njengezinjongo, hhayi nje izindlela. Ebhizinisini, lokhu kusho ukuthi amakhasimende akufanele akhohliswe ngokukhangisa okudukisayo, abasebenzi akufanele baphathwe njengezindleko zokukhiqiza nje, futhi abalingani akufanele bakhohliswe ngisho noma kungenzeka ukuthi babanjwe. I-Deontology ibeka imingcele yokuziphatha engenakunqanyulwa, noma ngabe isenzo sibonakala sizuzisa.
Amandla e-Deontology ahlanganisa ukugcizelela kwayo ukwethembeka, izithembiso, kanye namalungelo. Ubuthakathaka bayo buhlanganisa ukuqina kwayo lapho izimiso zingqubuzana, njengaphakathi kokugcinwa kwemfihlo yedatha kanye nesibopho sokuvikela umphakathi ekulimaleni. Yilapho ingxoxo yefilosofi isiza khona ukunquma ukuthi yisiphi isimiso esibaluleke kakhulu esimweni esithile.
Okwesithathu, ukuziphatha okuhle kugxile ebuntwini: ukuba usomabhizinisi omuhle, hhayi nje ukwenza lokho "okwenzekayo okulungile." Lo kuziphatha okuhle kuhlola isiko lenkampani, ubuqotho bobuholi, kanye nemikhuba yenhlangano. Isibonelo, izinkampani ezihlakulela izimfanelo ezinhle njengokulunga, isibindi sokuziphatha, kanye nokwethembeka cishe zizokwazi ukumelana nezihlazo ngoba izinqumo zokuziphatha okuhle azihlolwa ngokuqinile kodwa kunalokho zivela ebuntwini obuhlangene.
Ezweni lebhizinisi, ukuziphatha okuhle kubalulekile ngoba ukwephulwa okuningi kokuziphatha kwenzeka hhayi ngoba abasebenzi bengayazi imithetho, kodwa ngenxa yesiko elivumela izindlela ezinqamulelayo. Ifilosofi isiza izinhlangano ukuthi zihlole ukuthi izindinganiso zenkampani ezishiwoyo ziyaphilwa ngempela yini.
Ifilosofi yezepolitiki kanye nomqondo wobulungiswa ebhizinisini
Izimiso zokuziphatha zebhizinisi azikhathaleli nje ubudlelwano bomuntu ngamunye kodwa futhi nezakhiwo zomphakathi: amaholo, ukungalingani, ukufinyelela emakethe, ukuvikelwa kwabathengi, kanye nomthelela wezemvelo. Yilapho ifilosofi yezepolitiki kanye nemibono yobulungiswa iqala khona ukusebenza. Imibuzo efana nokuthi "yini iholo eliphilayo?" noma "kunini lapho i-monopoly iba yinto engafanele?" ayinakuphendulwa kuphela ngezindlela zemakethe; imiqondo yobulungiswa bokusabalalisa kanye nezinqubo iyadingeka.
Isibonelo, umqondo wobulungiswa ungase uholele inkampani ekuhloleni uchungechunge lwayo lokunikezela: ingabe abahlinzeki abancane bakhokhelwa ngesikhathi? Ingabe izindinganiso zokuphepha ziyahlangatshezwa emafektri abalingani? Ezweni elihlangene nomhlaba wonke, izinqumo zenkampani zingathinta imiphakathi kwamanye amazwe lapho inkampani inamandla amancane okuxoxisana. Ifilosofi isiza ekuhloleni umthwalo wemfanelo wokuziphatha wenkampani ngale kwemingcele engaphansi kwemithetho.
Ukuziphatha, umthetho, kanye nesikhala esiphakathi
Enye yeminikelo ebalulekile yefilosofi ukuhlukanisa ukuziphatha komthetho. Umthetho ubeka imingcele emincane yokuziphatha; ukuziphatha komthetho kuholela ezindinganisweni eziphakeme. Izenzo eziningi zisemthethweni kodwa azilungile: ukusebenzisa izikhala emithethweni yentela, ukubhala izinkontileka "ezisemthethweni" kodwa ezinephutha, noma ukusebenzisa imiklamo yohlelo lokusebenza eholela ekuluthweni komsebenzisi. Ngokombono wefilosofi, singabuza: uma lezi zenzo zilimaza isithunzi somuntu noma zilulaza ukwethenjwa komphakathi, ingabe zilungile ngoba nje azivinjelwe?
Ngakolunye uhlangothi, kunezimo lapho izimiso zokuziphatha ziphoqelela izinkampani ukuba zeqe izibopho zomthetho, isibonelo ngokusobala, ukuphepha kwedatha, noma izibopho zokukhishwa kwegesi. Ifilosofi iyasiza ekuhleleni izizathu ezijwayelekile zokuthi kungani "ukuthobela imithetho" kungeyona into eyinhloko, kodwa kuyindawo yokuqala.
Izindlela zefilosofi: ukucabanga okubucayi kanye nokuhlolwa kwempikiswano
Ngaphezu kwethiyori, ifilosofi ifaka isandla ezindleleni. Ukuziphatha kwebhizinisi kudinga ikhono lokubona izindawo ezifihliwe, ukucwasa, kanye nokungqubuzana kwezintshisekelo. Ifilosofi iqeqesha abaphathi nabasebenzi ukuthi:
1. Ukucacisa imiqondo: kusho ukuthini "ubulungiswa", "umthwalo wemfanelo", "ukusimama", noma "izindinganiso zenkampani"?
2. Ukuhlola ukuhambisana: ingabe inqubomgomo yenkampani endaweni ethile iyaphikisana nezimangalo zayo zokuziphatha kwenye indawo?
3. Ukwenza izizathu zomphakathi: ingabe izizathu zesinqumo zingachazwa kubabambiqhaza ngaphandle kokukhwabanisa?
4. Lindela umthelela: yimiphi imiphumela yesikhathi eside yokwethenjwa komphakathi, idumela, kanye nenhlalakahle?
Ngale ndlela, ukuziphatha kwebhizinisi akugcini nje ekuqeqeshweni kokuthobela imithetho, kodwa kuba inqubo yokucabanga okuqhubekayo kanye nokuthuthukiswa.
Izifundo zamacala zesimanje: ubuchwepheshe, idatha, kanye nobuhlakani bokwenziwa
Esikhathini sedijithali, izinselele zokuziphatha kwebhizinisi ziya ngokuya ziyinkimbinkimbi. Izinkampani zobuchwepheshe zingaqoqa idatha ngezinga elikhulu, zithonye umbono womphakathi, futhi zenze izinqumo ngokuzenzakalela ngama-algorithms. Ifilosofi iyasiza ekuphenduleni imibuzo efana nokuthi: ingabe ubumfihlo buyilungelo eliyisisekelo noma bumane buyinto ethandwayo? Ingabe kulungile uma i-algorithm yokuqasha ibandlulula amaqembu athile? Ubani onesibopho lapho izinhlelo ezizenzakalelayo zilimaza abasebenzisi?
Indlela yefilosofi ivumela izinkampani ukuthi ziphishekele okungaphezu nje kokusungula izinto ezintsha, kodwa futhi zithuthukise izimiso ezifana nokucaca, ukuzibophezela, ubulungisa, kanye nokuhlonipha amalungelo abantu. Izimiso zokuziphatha eziqinile zinciphisa ingozi yokuhlanjalazwa futhi zandise ukuba semthethweni komphakathi.
Umthelela weqhinga: ukwethembana njengempahla yokuziphatha neyomnotho
Izimiso zokuziphatha zivame ukubhekwa njengomthwalo wezindleko. Kodwa-ke, ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, izimiso zokuziphatha zingaba umthombo wenzuzo yokuncintisana. Ukwethenjwa kwamakhasimende, ukwethembeka kwabasebenzi, kanye nokusekelwa komphakathi kuyimpahla eyakhelwe ekuhambisaneni kokuziphatha. Ifilosofi isiza amabhizinisi ukuqonda ukuthi idumela aliyona nje "isithombe," kodwa liwukubonakaliswa kwekhwalithi yezinqumo nezindinganiso ezisetshenziswayo.
Izinkampani ezinganaki izindinganiso zokuziphatha zisengozini yokungavunyelwa, ukuqulwa kwamacala, kanye nezinkinga zangaphakathi. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, izinkampani ezifaka ukuzindla kokuziphatha ezinhlelweni zazo zikulungele kangcono ukubhekana nezinguquko zomthetho, izidingo zomphakathi, kanye nezingozi ezingalindelekile.
I-Penutup
Indima yefilosofi ekuziphatheni kwebhizinisi ukunikeza isisekelo semfundiso, indlela yokucabanga okujulile, kanye nombono ngobuntu nobulungiswa odlula ukubalwa kwenzuzo nokulahlekelwa. Ifilosofi iguqula ukuziphatha kusuka emithethweni nje kuya emsebenzini wokucabanga: ukungabaza imigomo, ukuhlola izindlela, kanye nokuthatha umthwalo wemfanelo womthelela. Ezweni elixhumene kakhulu nelisobala, ibhizinisi aligcini nje ngokukhiqiza inani lezomnotho, kodwa futhi limayelana nokugcina izindinganiso zabantu. Ngakho-ke, ifilosofi akuyona into yokwengeza kwezemfundo, kodwa kunalokho iyikhampasi esiza amabhizinisi ukuthi aqhubekele phambili ngaphandle kokulahlekelwa isiqondiso sawo sokuziphatha.
