Imfundo Ngokusetshenziswa Kwezidakamizwa Kweziguli
Ukufundiswa kweziguli ngokusetshenziswa kwemithi kuyingxenye ebalulekile yokunakekelwa kwempilo. Imithi enqunywe odokotela noma ochwepheshe bezempilo ngeke inikeze izinzuzo eziphezulu uma isetshenziswa ngendlela engafanele, ithathwa ngokungajwayelekile, iyekwa yodwa, noma ihlanganiswe neminye imithi ngaphandle kokucatshangelwa. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, imfundo ecacile izothuthukisa ukuthobela kwesiguli, ivimbele amaphutha emithi, inciphise imiphumela emibi engafuneki, futhi isheshise inqubo yokuphulukiswa. Ngakho-ke, ukuxhumana okuhle phakathi kweziguli, odokotela, osokhemisi, nabahlengikazi kuyisihluthulelo sokwelashwa okuphumelelayo.
Kungani imfundo yokusebenzisa izidakamizwa ibalulekile?
Amacala amaningi okwehluleka kokwelapha awabangelwa ukungasebenzi kahle kwemithi, kodwa abangelwa ukusetshenziswa okungafanele. Isibonelo, iziguli ziyayeka ukuthatha ama-antibiotic ngemva kokuzizwa zingcono, yize amabhaktheriya engakaqedi ngokuphelele. Lokhu kungaholela ekuphindeni kwesifo futhi kube sengozini yokuthola ukumelana nama-antibiotic. Esinye isibonelo yiziguli ezithatha imithi yomfutho wegazi kuphela lapho zizizwa zinesizungu, yize umfutho wegazi ophakeme uvame ukungabi nazimpawu kodwa ungabangela ukulimala kwezitho isikhathi eside.
Imfundo nayo ibalulekile ekuvimbeleni imiphumela emibi eyingozi. Eminye imithi kufanele ithathwe ngemva kokudla ukuze kuncishiswe ukucasuka kwesisu, kanti eminye kufanele ithathwe esiswini esingenalutho ukuze kuncelwe kahle. Eminye imithi kufanele futhi igwenywe ngobisi, utshwala, noma izithasiselo ezithile. Ngaphandle kwencazelo elula kodwa ebanzi, iziguli zingase zenze amaphutha zingazi.
Isimiso esiyisisekelo semfundo yezidakamizwa: iziguli kumele ziqonde, hhayi nje ukwamukela.
Imfundo ngemithi akufanele ibe nemiyalelo emifushane nje njengokuthi "thatha lo muthi kathathu ngosuku" noma "qeda umuthi." Iziguli zidinga ukuqonda injongo yomuthi, isikhathi sokusetshenziswa, indlela efanele, kanye nanoma yiziphi izimpawu zokuxwayisa okufanele ziqaphele. Imfundo ephumelelayo idinga ochwepheshe bezempilo ukuqinisekisa ukuqonda kwesiguli ngokucela isiguli ukuthi siphinde ulwazi olubalulekile ngamazwi abo. Le ndlela, evame ukubizwa ngokuthi i-teach-back, iboniswe ukuthi ithuthukisa impumelelo yokuxhumana.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, imfundo kumele inikezwe ngolimi olulula ukuluqonda, hhayi ngobuchwepheshe ngokweqile, futhi ilungiselelwe izinga lolwazi lwezempilo lwesiguli. Uma isiguli sesikhulile noma singaboni kahle, umbhalo oselebula kufanele wandiswe, futhi izincazelo kufanele zihambe kancane futhi ziphindaphindwe uma kudingeka.
Ulwazi olubalulekile oludinga ukudluliselwa ezigulini
Kunamaphuzu amaningana abalulekile okufanele achazwe njalo ezigulini lapho zithola imithi kadokotela noma ethengwa ngaphandle kwemithi kadokotela.
1. Igama lomuthi kanye nomsebenzi wawo
Iziguli kufanele zazi igama lomuthi wazo (okungenani igama elijwayelekile) kanye nokusetshenziswa kwawo okuyinhloko. Lokhu kuzisiza ukuhlukanisa umuthi owodwa komunye, ikakhulukazi uma ziphuza imithi eminingi ngesikhathi esisodwa. Ukwazi umsebenzi womuthi kusiza iziguli ukuqonda ukuthi kungani kudingeka zinamathele esimisweni sazo.
2. Isilinganiso kanye nesimiso sokusetshenziswa
Imiyalelo ethi "kathathu ngosuku" kufanele icacise kakhudlwana, isibonelo: ekuseni, emini, nasebusuku, cishe amahora angu-8 ahlukene. Uma umuthi kufanele uphuzwe ngaphambi noma ngemva kokudla, isiguli kufanele sinikezwe izibonelo: "imizuzu engama-30 ngaphambi kokudla" noma "imizuzu eyi-15-30 ngemva kokudla." Le ncazelo ivimbela ukuchazwa kabi okunganciphisa ukusebenza komuthi.
3. Indlela yokuyisebenzisa kahle
Akuzona zonke izidakamizwa ezithathwa njengamaphilisi avamile. Eminye imithi kumele ihlafunwe, eminye akufanele ichotshozwe ngoba ikhishwa isikhathi eside, kanti eminye ama-capsule kufanele igwinywe yonke. Amaconsi amehlo kumele anikezwe ngendlela ehlanzekile ukuze kugwenywe ukungcola. Ama-inhaler e-asthma nawo adinga indlela efanele ukuqinisekisa ukuthi imithi ingena kahle emigwaqweni yomoya. Ezigulini ezithatha i-insulin, amasu okujova kanye nokugcina kufanele achazwe ngokuningiliziwe.
4. Isikhathi sokusetshenziswa kanye nokuhambisana nokwelashwa
Iziguli kudingeka ziqonde ukuthi imithi kufanele iqedwe nini nokuthi ingayekwa nini. Ama-antibiotic, isibonelo, ngokuvamile kumele aqedwe njengoba kunqunyiwe. Imithi yezimo ezingamahlalakhona ezifana nesifo sikashukela, umfutho wegazi ophakeme, i-asthma, noma i-cholesterol ivame ukuba yesikhathi eside futhi akufanele iyekwe ngaphandle kokubonisana. Ukuchaza izinzuzo nezingozi zesikhathi eside zokungalandeli imithetho kuzosiza iziguli ukuthi zilondoloze ukungaguquguquki.
5. Imiphumela emibi engaba khona
Ezinye iziguli ziyesaba ukuphuza imithi ngoba zizwa ngemiphumela emibi evela kwabanye noma ku-inthanethi. Imfundo enhle igcizelela ukuthi akuwona wonke umuntu ozothola imiphumela emibi, kodwa iziguli kudingeka zazi amathuba avamile nokuthi zingayiphatha kanjani. Isibonelo, imithi ethile ingabangela ukozela, ngakho iziguli zelulekwa ukuthi zingashayeli ngemva kokuyithatha. Eminye imithi ingabangela isicanucanu esincane, esivame ukuba ngcono uma sithathwa nokudla. Ngaphezu kwalokho, iziguli kufanele zaziswe ngezimpawu eziyisixwayiso ezidinga ukunakekelwa okusheshayo, njengokuphelelwa umoya, ukuvuvukala kobuso, ukuqubuka okuvamile, noma ukuquleka, okungase kubonise ukusabela okukhulu kokungezwani komzimba.
6. Ukusebenzisana kwezidakamizwa nezinto okufanele uzigweme
Iziguli kufanele zidalule yonke imithi eziyithathayo, okuhlanganisa imithi yendabuko, imithi yamakhambi, izithasiselo, noma amavithamini. Ezinye izithako zamakhambi zingasebenzisana nemithi kadokotela. Utshwala bungadala imiphumela emibi yemithi ethile. Ukusebenzisana kokudla nakho kubalulekile: isibonelo, eminye imithi ayinconywa nge-grapefruit, kanti eminye ingancishiswa ekumuncweni uma ithathwa nobisi noma ama-antacid. Le mfundo isiza iziguli ukuthi zisebenzise imithi ngokuphephile.
7. Indlela yokugcina imithi
Ukugcinwa okungafanele kungonakalisa ikhwalithi yemithi. Eminye imithi kufanele igcinwe ekamelweni lokushisa, kude nokukhanya kwelanga okuqondile kanye nomswakama. Eminye imithi, njengezinhlobo ezithile ze-insulin, idinga ukuqandiswa. Ngaphezu kwalokho, iziguli kufanele zikhunjuzwe ukuthi zigcine imithi kude nezingane futhi zingasebenzisi imithi esiphelelwe yisikhathi noma eshintshe umbala, iphunga, noma ukubukeka.
Izinselele kwezemfundo nokuthi ungazinqoba kanjani
Empeleni, imfundo yezokwelapha ibhekene nezinselele eziningana. Isikhathi sokubonisana sivame ukulinganiselwa, kuneziguli eziningi, futhi akuzona zonke iziguli ezinesibindi sokubuza imibuzo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ezinye iziguli zinomuzwa wokuthi "ziyaqonda" kanti empeleni aziqondi. Ukuze kuxazululwe lokhu, ochwepheshe bezempilo banganikeza imfundo kancane kancane, besebenzisa abezindaba ezifana namaphepha olwazi ngemithi, amaphosta, noma amavidiyo amafushane, futhi babeke phambili amaphuzu abaluleke kakhulu okuphepha kwesiguli.
Ukuzibandakanya komndeni nakho kuyasiza kakhulu, ikakhulukazi ezigulini ezikhulile, labo abanokukhubazeka kokukhumbula, noma iziguli zezingane. Amalungu omndeni angabaphelezela, abhale imiyalelo, futhi asize ukuqinisekisa ukuthi imithi ithathwa ngesikhathi esibekiwe. Ukusebenzisa ibhokisi lamaphilisi lansuku zonke kanye ne-alamu yocingo kungathuthukisa nokunamathela kahle.
Indima yabasokhemisi kanye nabanye abasebenzi bezempilo
Osokhemisi badlala indima ebalulekile ekwelulekeni ngemithi, besebenza njengomthombo wolwazi olutholakala kalula ezigulini. Osokhemisi bangaqinisekisa ukuthi iziguli ziyayiqonda imiyalelo yokusebenzisa, bahlole ukusebenzisana okungenzeka, futhi bahlole ukuthi iziguli zibhekene nemiphumela emibi yini. Odokotela badlala indima ebalulekile ekuchazeni injongo yokwelapha, ukwenza imithi ihambisane nesimo sesiguli, kanye nokuhlola impendulo yokwelashwa. Abahlengikazi nabo badlala indima ebalulekile, ikakhulukazi ezindaweni zokulaliswa esibhedlela noma ezindaweni zokunakekelwa ekhaya, ekuqinisekiseni ukuthi imithi inikezwa ngendlela efanele kanye nokuqapha isimo sesiguli.
Ukubambisana phakathi kochwepheshe bezempilo kuzoholela emfundweni eqhubekayo futhi kuvimbele ukudideka kweziguli. Uma iziguli zithola ulwazi oluphikisanayo emithonjeni eminingi, zingase zingaqiniseki noma ziyeke nokuphuza imithi yazo.
Isiphetho
Ukufundisa iziguli ngokusetshenziswa kwemithi kubalulekile ekuqinisekiseni ukwelashwa okuphephile, okusebenzayo, nokuqondiswe ngqo. Iziguli azidingi nje kuphela ukuthola imithi yazo kodwa futhi ziyaqonda ukuthi ziyisebenzisa kanjani: umthamo, ishejuli, indlela yokuphathwa kwayo, isikhathi sokusetshenziswa, imiphumela emibi, ukusebenzisana kwayo, kanye nokugcinwa kwayo. Imfundo enhle izothuthukisa ukuthobela kwesiguli, ivimbele amaphutha emithi, futhi inciphise ingozi yemiphumela emibi kakhulu. Ngokuxhumana okucacile, indlela enobungane, kanye nokusekelwa okuvela emndenini nakochwepheshe bezempilo, ukusetshenziswa kwemithi kungafaneleka kakhulu futhi kunikeze izinzuzo eziphezulu empilweni yesiguli.
