Ukusetshenziswa kwe-Electrotherapy kwezokwelapha
I-Electromedicine ibhekisela ekusetshenzisweni kwezimiso zikagesi neze-elekthronikhi kanye nobuchwepheshe ngezinjongo zokuxilonga, zokwelapha, kanye nokuvuselelwa kwezokwelapha. I-Electrotechnology isibe yingxenye ebalulekile yezokwelapha zanamuhla, inikeza amathuluzi nezindlela ezahlukahlukene ezivumela ukuxilongwa okunembe kakhudlwana, ukwelashwa okuphumelelayo, kanye nokululama okusheshayo. Lesi sihloko sizohlola ezinye zezindlela ezibalulekile zokwelashwa nge-electromedicine kwezokwelapha, okuhlanganisa i-electrocardiogram (ECG), i-electroencephalogram (EEG), ukwelashwa nge-electroconvulsive (ECT), ama-defibrillator, ama-pacemaker, kanye nobuchwepheshe bokuvuselelwa kwe-electro.
I-Electrocardiogram (ECG)
I-electrocardiogram ingenye yezibonelo ezivame kakhulu zokusetshenziswa kwe-electrocardiography kwezokwelapha. I-ECG isetshenziselwa ukuqopha umsebenzi kagesi wenhliziyo. Ama-electrode abekwa esikhumbeni sesiguli, bese umshini we-ECG ulinganisa amandla kagesi akhiqizwa yinhliziyo njengoba ishaya. Lolu lwazi lube seluhunyushwa odokotela ukuze bathole ukukhubazeka okufana ne-arrhythmias, i-myocardial infarction, nezinye izinkinga zenhliziyo.
Inzuzo eyinhloko ye-ECG ukuthi inikeza ulwazi lwesikhathi sangempela mayelana nesimo senhliziyo ngaphandle kwesidingo senqubo yokuhlasela. Ezimweni eziphuthumayo, i-ECG ivame ukusetshenziswa ukuqapha iziguli ezibonisa izimpawu zokuhlaselwa yinhliziyo. Leli thuluzi lenza kube lula ukuhlonza izimo ezibucayi, okuvumela ukungenelela kwezokwelapha ngokushesha.
I-Electroencephalogram (EEG)
I-electroencephalogram iqopha umsebenzi kagesi ebuchosheni. Ama-EEG asetshenziselwa ukuxilonga nokuqapha izimo ezahlukahlukene zezinzwa ezifana nesifo sokuwa, ukuphazamiseka kokulala, kanye nokulimala kwekhanda. Ku-EEG, ama-electrode abekwa ekhanda lesiguli, kanti idivayisi ye-EEG iqopha amaphethini e-brainwave.
Inzuzo eyinhloko ye-EEG yikhono layo lokubona ukukhubazeka emsebenzini wobuchopho okungabonakali ngezindlela zokuthwebula izithombe njenge-MRI noma i-CT scans. Ekwelashweni kwesifo sokuwa, isibonelo, i-EEG ingasiza odokotela ukuthi banqume uhlobo lokuwa kanye nendawo yokuwa ebuchosheni, okungaqondisa izinhlelo zokwelapha.
Ukwelashwa Nge-Electroconvulsive (ECT)
Ukwelashwa nge-electroconvulsive, noma i-ECT, kuyindlela yokwelapha ephikisanayo kodwa ephumelelayo yokwelapha izifo zengqondo ezinzima njengokucindezeleka okukhulu, i-bipolar disorder, kanye ne-schizophrenia. Ku-ECT, amaza kagesi amafushane alethwa ngama-electrode abekwe ekhanda lesiguli ukuze abangele ukuxhuzula okufushane nokulawulwayo.
Nakuba indlela eqondile esebenza ngayo i-ECT ingakaqondakali ngokugcwele, kukholakala ukuthi ishintsha amakhemikhali obuchopho futhi ibuyisele ibhalansi ye-neurotransmitter. Nakuba i-ECT inemiphumela emibi engaba khona, okuhlanganisa ukudideka kanye nokulahlekelwa yinkumbulo yesikhashana, iziguli eziningi zibika ukuthuthuka okukhulu kwezimpawu ngemuva kokuthola lolu hlobo lokwelashwa.
i-defibrillator
I-defibrillator iyithuluzi elisindisa impilo elisetshenziselwa ukubuyisela isigqi senhliziyo esijwayelekile ezigulini ezithola i-ventricular fibrillation noma i-pulseless ventricular tachycardia. I-defibrillator isebenza ngokuletha ugesi omkhulu enhliziyweni ngama-electrode, okuvimba ukushaya kwenhliziyo okungavamile futhi kuvumele inhliziyo ukuthi ibuyele esigqini sayo esijwayelekile.
Kunezinhlobo ezimbili eziyinhloko zama-defibrillator: Ama-Automated External Defibrillator (AEDs) kanye nama-ICDs afakwayo (ICDs). Ama-AED avame ukutholakala ezindaweni zomphakathi futhi enzelwe ukusetshenziswa ngabantu abavamile ezimweni eziphuthumayo. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ama-ICD afakwa ngokuhlinzwa ezigulini ezisengozini enkulu yokuhlaselwa yinhliziyo.
I-Pacemaker
I-pacemaker iyithuluzi lezokwelapha elifakwe esiza noma elithatha indawo yomsebenzi wesistimu kagesi yemvelo yenhliziyo, elawula ukushaya kwenhliziyo yayo. Yenzelwe ukuthumela imizwelo kagesi evamile emisipheni yenhliziyo, ukuqinisekisa ukushaya kwenhliziyo okuhlala njalo nokusebenzayo.
Ngokuvamile, ama-pacemaker asetshenziselwa iziguli ezihlushwa yi-bradycardia (ukushaya kwenhliziyo okuhamba kancane) noma ukuvinjwa kwenhliziyo. Ubuchwepheshe besimanje be-pacemaker buvumela ukulungiswa okuzenzakalelayo kwezidingo zesiguli, njengokwandisa ukushaya kwenhliziyo ngesikhathi sokuzivocavoca noma ukukunciphisa ngesikhathi sokuphumula. Ama-pacemaker ashintshe ngokuphelele indlela odokotela abaphatha ngayo izimo zenhliziyo ezahlukahlukene, athuthukisa kakhulu ikhwalithi yokuphila kweziguli.
Ubuchwepheshe Bokuvuselela Ugesi
Ukusetshenziswa kwe-electrotherapy ekuvuseleleni nakho kuya ngokuya kubaluleka, ikakhulukazi ekusizeni iziguli ezilimele noma ezilahlekelwe ukusebenza kwemisipha nezinzwa. Izibonelo ezimbili zalobu buchwepheshe zifaka phakathi ukukhuthazwa kukagesi kanye nokukhuthazwa kukagesi okusebenzayo (FES).
Ukugqugquzela Ugesi
Ukuvuselela ngogesi kuyindlela esebenzisa ugesi osebenzisa amandla aphansi kagesi ukuvuselela imizwa noma imisipha. Ku-physiotherapy, le ndlela isetshenziselwa ukunciphisa ubuhlungu, ukunciphisa ukuqina kwemisipha, ukuthuthukisa ukujikeleza kwegazi, kanye nokukhuthaza ukuphulukiswa kwezicubu.
Ukukhuthazeka Okusebenzayo kagesi (FES)
Ukukhuthazwa Kukagesi Okusebenzayo (i-FES) kuyindlela ekhethekile yokuvuselelwa kukagesi okuhloswe ngayo ukubuyisela ukusebenza kwemisipha ezigulini ezikhubazekile ngenxa yezimo ezifana nesifo sohlangothi noma ukulimala komgogodla. I-FES ihilela ukuletha imizwa kagesi elawulwayo emisipheni ekhubazekile noma ebuthaka, okubangela ukunyakaza okuhlelekile.
I-FES ivame ukusetshenziswa ezinhlelweni zokuvuselela eziphelele ukuze kufundiswe kabusha imisipha nezinzwa ukuthi zisebenze ndawonye ngempumelelo. Isibonelo, iziguli ezinesifo sohlangothi ezilahlekelwe yikhono lokuhambisa izandla zazo zingasebenzisa i-FES ukusiza ekululameni kwazo futhi zifunde ukuhambisa izandla zazo futhi.
Intuthuko kanye Nezinselele
Intuthuko kwezobuchwepheshe be-electrotechnologies kwezokwelapha iyaqhubeka nokuthuthuka ngokushesha, iqhutshwa yintuthuko kwezobuchwepheshe be-elekthronikhi, ikhompyutha, kanye ne-biotechnology. Isibonelo, amadivayisi agqokwayo afakwe izinzwa ze-electrochemical angaqapha njalo izimpawu ezibalulekile zesiguli, anikeze odokotela idatha yesikhathi sangempela ukuze ihlaziywe kabanzi.
Kodwa-ke, kunezinselele eziningana okudingeka kubhekwane nazo. Enye yalezi ukuphepha kwedatha kanye nobumfihlo. Idatha yezempilo eqoqwe ngamadivayisi kagesi ivame ukuba bucayi kakhulu, idinga izinyathelo zokuphepha eziqinile ukuze igweme ukuthi iwele ezandleni ezingafanele.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, kunezinye izinselele ezihlobene nokukhula kanye nezindleko. Ubuchwepheshe obuningi obuthuthukisiwe bukagesi buyabiza, futhi lokhu kungaba yisithiyo ekufinyelelekeni emazweni asathuthuka noma ezindaweni ezilinganiselwe izinsiza.
Isiphetho
Ukusetshenziswa kwe-electrocardiography kwezokwelapha kushintshe kakhulu ukuxilongwa, ukwelashwa, kanye nokuvuselelwa. Kusukela kumadivayisi alula njenge-ECG kanye ne-EEG kuya kumadivayisi ayinkimbinkimbi njenge-defibrillators kanye ne-pacemakers, ubuchwepheshe be-electrocardiography buye bandisa amandla ochwepheshe bezempilo ukuphatha izimo zezokwelapha eziyinkimbinkimbi. Naphezu kwezinselele, intuthuko eqhubekayo ku-electrocardiography ithembisa ikusasa eliqhakazile lemithi yesimanje, lapho iziguli zingathola khona ukunakekelwa okunembile, okusebenzayo, nokuqondene nomuntu siqu.
