Ukuqonda Inhloko-dolobha Yebhizinisi
Imali yebhizinisi ingumqondo obalulekile emhlabeni webhizinisi. Imali isebenza njengesisekelo sokuqala esisekela imisebenzi ehlukahlukene yebhizinisi, kusukela esigabeni sokuqala sokwakheka kuya ezigabeni zokusebenza nokukhulisa. Ukuqonda imali yebhizinisi akubalulekile nje kuphela kubaqalayo abaqala uhambo lwabo lwebhizinisi, kodwa futhi nakosomabhizinisi abanolwazi abafuna ukuthuthukisa nokwandisa amabhizinisi abo. Kulesi sihloko, sizoxoxa ngencazelo yemali yebhizinisi, izinhlobo zayo, imithombo yayo, kanye nokubaluleka kokuphathwa kwemali yebhizinisi okuphumelelayo.
Ukuqonda Inhloko-dolobha Yebhizinisi
Imali yebhizinisi ingachazwa njengenani lemali noma izimpahla ezisetshenziswa ngumuntu noma inkampani ukuqala nokuphatha ibhizinisi labo. Imali yebhizinisi ayigcini nje ngokuhlanganisa imali, kodwa futhi ihlanganisa nezinye izimpahla ezahlukahlukene ezinenani lezomnotho, njengemishini, izinto zokusetshenziswa, izakhiwo, ngisho nobuchwepheshe noma amakhono athile. Ukuphathwa kahle kwemali yebhizinisi kubalulekile ekuqinisekiseni ukuthi ibhizinisi lingasebenza kahle futhi lithole inzuzo elindelekile.
Izinhlobo Zenhloko-dolobha Yebhizinisi
1. I-Equity Capital
I-Equity iyimali etholakala kumnikazi webhizinisi uqobo. Lokhu kungaba imali eyongiwe ngumnikazi, inzuzo ephinde yatshalwa ebhizinisini, noma ukuthengiswa kwezimpahla zomuntu siqu. Ukusebenzisa i-equity kuvame ukuguquguquka, kodwa futhi kuthwala ingozi enkulu kumnikazi webhizinisi ngoba bathwala konke ukulahlekelwa okungenzeka.
2. Imali Yakwamanye Amazwe (Imali Yesikweletu)
Imali yangaphandle iyimali etholakala kubantu bangaphandle, ngokuvamile ebizwa ngokuthi isikweletu. Imithombo yemali yangaphandle ingaba ngesimo semali mboleko yasebhange, amabhondi, noma imali mboleko evela kubatshalizimali noma izikhungo zezimali Nakuba ukusebenzisa imali yangaphandle kungasheshisa ukukhula kwebhizinisi ngenxa yokutholakala okukhulu kwemali, abanikazi bamabhizinisi kumele bakhokhe imali mboleko kanye nenzalo ngokwemigomo evunyelwene ngayo.
3. I-Venture Capital (I-Venture Capital)
I-Venture capital yizimali ezitshalwa ngabantu noma amaqembu (osomabhizinisi abasafufusa) abazimisele ukuthatha izingozi ezinkulu ukuze bathole inzuzo enkulu yesikhathi esizayo. I-Venture capital ivame ukuvikelwa yizinkampani ezintsha noma amabhizinisi anamandla okukhula aphezulu. Abatshalizimali be-Venture bavame ukunikeza hhayi nje uxhaso kodwa futhi nokuqeqeshwa kanye namanethiwekhi awusizo ekuthuthukisweni kwebhizinisi.
4. Isabelo Semali (Amasheya Ezabelo)
I-share capital yimali etholakala ngokukhipha amasheya bese uwathengisela umphakathi noma abatshalizimali. Izinkampani eziya emphakathini noma ezithengisa amasheya azo e-stock exchange zivame ukuqoqa inhlokodolobha ku Isamba esikhulu ngokuthengiswa kwamasheya. Abanikazi bamasheya baba ngabanikazi abangaphelele benkampani futhi banelungelo lokuthola isabelo senzuzo (izabelo) futhi banamalungelo okuvota ekwenzeni izinqumo zenkampani.
Imithombo Yezimali Zebhizinisi
Imithombo yemali yebhizinisi ingahluka kuye ngohlobo lwebhizinisi, ubukhulu balo, kanye nesigaba salo sokuthuthuka. Eminye imithombo evamile yemali yile:
1. Izimali Zomuntu Siqu Zokonga
Ukutshalwa kwezimali kokuqala okuvela ekongeni komuntu siqu kuwumthombo wemali Indlela elula nevame kakhulu. Abanikazi bamabhizinisi basebenzisa imali yabo abayilondolozile ukuqala ibhizinisi. ibhizinisi kanye ukuyisebenzisa.
2. Imalimboleko Yasebhange
Amabhange awumthombo oyinhloko wemali yebhizinisi. Osomabhizinisi bangafaka izicelo zemali mboleko enesibambiso noma engenaso, kuye ngezinqubomgomo zebhange kanye nokuhlolwa kwengozi.
3. Abatshalizimali Abazimele
Abatshalizimali ngabanye, njengabatshalizimali bezingelosi, ngabantu abazimisele ukutshala imali emabhizinisini, ikakhulukazi ezigabeni zokuqala zentuthuko. Ngaphezu kwemali, abatshalizimali ngabanye bavame ukunikeza izeluleko kanye nokusekelwa okunesu.
I-4 Ukubuyiselwa imali
I-Crowdfunding iyindlela yokuqoqa imali lapho ibhizinisi liqoqa khona imali kubantu abaningi ngeplatifomu eku-inthanethi. Umuntu ngamunye unikela kancane, bese kuba yimali eningi.
5. I-Venture Capital
Njengoba kuchaziwe ngaphambilini, imali yokuqalisa ibhizinisi ivela kubantu noma emaqenjini atshala imali ezinkampanini ezintsha noma emabhizinisini anamandla okukhula aphezulu.
6. Ukuthengiswa Kwamasheya
Izinkampani ezisunguliwe zingakhetha ukuthengisa amasheya azo esikhungweni samasheya njengendlela yokuthola imali eningi kubatshalizimali bomphakathi kanye nezikhungo.
Ukubaluleka Kokuphathwa Kwezimali Zebhizinisi Okuphumelelayo
Ukuphathwa kwezimali zebhizinisi okuphumelelayo kungenye yezihluthulelo zempumelelo yebhizinisi. Ukuphathwa kwezimali okufanele kuqinisekisa ukuthi ibhizinisi linemali eyanele yokuqhuba imisebenzi yalo yansuku zonke, ukubhekana nokungaqiniseki kwemakethe, kanye nokusebenzisa amathuba okukhula. Nazi ezinye zezizathu ezenza ukuphathwa kwezimali zebhizinisi kubaluleke kangaka:
1. Ukugcinwa Kwemali Edingekayo
Ukwesekwa kwemali okuhle kuqinisekisa ukuthi ibhizinisi linemali eyanele ukuhlangabezana nezibopho zesikhashana njengokukhokha amaholo abasebenzi, ukuthenga izinto zokusetshenziswa, kanye nokukhokha izikweletu. Ukuphathwa kabi kwemali kungaholela ezinkingeni ezinkulu zokwesekwa kwemali, kuphazamise ukusebenza kwebhizinisi, futhi kuholele nasekuweni kwezimali.
2. Ukuhlela Nokulawula Ezezimali
Ukuphathwa kahle kwezimali kuhilela ukuhlela kahle ezezimali kanye nokulawula izindleko ngokuqinile. Lokhu kusiza amabhizinisi ukuthi ahlele futhi ahlukanise izinsiza. insiza ngokuhlakanipha, ukuze ukwazi ukugwema izindleko ezingadingekile futhi usebenzise kahle imali ekhona.
3. Amandla Okukhiqiza Akhuphukile
Imali eyanele ivumela amabhizinisi ukuthi andise amandla awo okukhiqiza, ngaleyo ndlela ahlangabezane nesidingo esikhulu semakethe. Ukutshalwa kwezimali ku Imishini emisha, ubuchwepheshe, kanye nabasebenzi abanamakhono nakho kungathuthukisa ukusebenza kahle kanye nokukhiqiza.
4. Ukwanda Kwebhizinisi
Uma imali eyanele, ibhizinisi lingandisa imisebenzi yalo liye ezimakethe ezintsha, livule amagatsha engeziwe, lithuthukise imikhiqizo noma izinsizakalo ezintsha, futhi lisebenzise amasu okumaketha anomfutho. Ukwanda kwebhizinisi okuphumelelayo kungadala imali engenayo enkulu. kanye nokukhula esimeme.
5. Ukuphathwa Kwengozi
Ukuphathwa kwezimali okuphumelelayo kunikeza amabhizinisi ithuba lokubhekana nezingozi zemakethe kanye nokungaqiniseki. Ngokuba nezimali ezigciniwe, amabhizinisi angabhekana nezinselele ezifana nokushintshashintsha kwamanani, izinguquko zomthetho, noma izinkinga zomnotho ngaphandle kokulahlekelwa okukhulu.
Isiphetho
Imali yebhizinisi iyisisekelo esibalulekile sokuqhubeka nempumelelo yebhizinisi. Ukuqonda kahle umqondo wemali yebhizinisi, izinhlobo zayo, imithombo yayo, kanye nokubaluleka kokuphathwa kwemali okuphumelelayo kuyisihluthulelo sokufeza impumelelo ezweni lebhizinisi elincintisanayo. Abanikazi bamabhizinisi kudingeka baphathe imali yabo ngokuhlakanipha, banake uketshezi, bahlele ngokucophelela, futhi basebenzise amathuba okukhula nokukhula . Ngale ndlela, amabhizinisi awakwazi ukusinda kuphela kodwa futhi achume ngendlela eqhubekayo phakathi kwezinguquko zemakethe ezihlala zishintsha.
