Amandla okujikeleza

Amandla okujikeleza iyigatsha lemishini elifunda ukunyakaza kokujikeleza okubandakanya amandla, ubunzima, nezinye izinto ezithonya ukunyakaza kokujikeleza. Into iyajikeleza uma zonke izingxenye zento zihamba zizungeze i-axis noma i-pivot etholakala kwenye yezingxenye zento. Ukunyakaza kokujikeleza okufundwe kulesi sihloko kugxile ekunyakazeni kokujikeleza mayelana ne-axis eqondile. Ukunyakaza kwe-pulley, ifeni, ukunyakaza kwe-CD/DVD ngaphakathi kwe-CD/DVD Igumbi, ukuhamba kweminyango noma amafasitela, ukuhamba kwamasilinda enjini, ama-helicopter noma ama-airplane propellers, ama-ship propellers, ezinye zezibonelo zokunyakaza okujikelezayo ku-axis eqondile. Wake wayibona i-top ejikelezayo? Indawo ye-axis ye-rounding top ihlala ishintsha (ukuthambekela kwe-top kuvame ukushintsha) ngakho-ke ukunyakaza okujikelezayo okufana nalokho okubonwa yi-rounding top akufundiwe kulesi sihloko.

Ku-particle dynamics, into eshukumayo ekuhumusheni ibhekwa njenge-particle noma iphuzu elilodwa. Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi into inkulu kangakanani noma ukuthi iyinkimbinkimbi kangakanani, ibhekwa njengephuzu elilodwa. Ku-rotation dynamics, into ayibhekwa njengephuzu elilodwa kodwa ibhekwa kanjalo, uma kucatshangwa ukuthi isimo sayo nosayizi wayo kuhlala kungashintshi. Uma into ebhekwa njenge-particle iqukethe iphuzu elilodwa, khona-ke into ebhekwa njengomzimba oqinile iqukethe izinhlayiya eziningi, lapho indawo ye-particle ngayinye ihlala ingaguquki futhi ibanga eliphakathi kwazo lihlala lifana.

Isibonelo sezinkinga

1. I-pulley eyenziwe ngezinto eziqinile enentambo eboshwe ohlangothini lwayo lwangaphandle iboniswa njengoba kuboniswe esithombeni. Ukungqubuzana kwe-pulley kunganakwa. Uma umzuzu wokungapheleli kwe-pulley I = β futhi intambo idonswa ngamandla angaguquki F, khona-ke inani lika-F lilingana no….

A. F = α .β .R
B. F = α . β 2 . R
C. F = α . (β . R)^-1
D. F = α . β . (R)^-1
E. F = R. (α. β)^-1

Ingxoxo
Kuyaziwa ukuthi:
Amandla okudonsa = F
Isikhathi sokungakhathali kwe-pulley = β
Ukusheshisa kwe-angular kwe-pulley = α
Irediyasi ye-Pulley = R
Umbuzo: Inani lika-F lilingana no….
Impendulo:

Ifomula yomthetho wesibili kaNewton yokunyakaza kokujikeleza:
Umzuzu wamandla ophumelayo osebenza ku-pulley:
Impendulo efanele ngu-D.

2. Induku engamamitha ayi-6 ubude enesisindo esincane ibhekene namandla amathathu asebenzayo kuyo, njengoba kuboniswe esithombeni. Ubukhulu besikhathi samandla enduku njengoba ijikeleza phakathi nendawo yayo yesisindo ku-O ​​bungu…

A. F

B. 3F

C. 4F

D. 5F

E. 6F

Ingxoxo

Kuyaziwa ukuthi:

I-axis yokujikeleza isendaweni ethi O.

Isitayela 1 (F)₁) = F

Ibanga phakathi kwamaphuzu okusebenza F₁ nge-axis yokujikeleza (r₁) = 3 amamitha

Isitayela 2 (F)₂) = 2F

Ibanga phakathi kwamaphuzu okusebenza F₂ nge-axis yokujikeleza (r₂) = 2 amamitha

Isitayela 3 (F)₃) = 2F

Ibanga phakathi kwamaphuzu okusebenza F₃ nge-axis yokujikeleza (r₃) = 3 amamitha

Kubuziwe: Ubukhulu besikhathi samandla enduku lapho ijikeleza phakathi nendawo yayo yobunzima ku-O

Impendulo:

Isikhathi Samandla 1:

τ₁ =F₁ r₁ = (F)(3) = -3F

Umzuzu wamandla 1 ubangela ukuthi induku ijikeleze ngokwewashi ukuze lowo mzuzu wamandla 1 ube nophawu olubi.

Isikhathi Samandla 2:

τ₂ =F₂ r₂ = (2F)(2) = 4F

Umzuzu wamandla 2 ubangela ukuthi induku ijikeleze ngokuphambene newashi ukuze lowo mzuzu wamandla 2 ube nophawu oluhle.

Isikhathi Samandla 3:

τ₃ =F₃ r₃ ngaphandle 30^o = (2F)(3)(0,5) = 3F

Umzuzu wamandla 3 ubangela ukuthi induku ijikeleze ngokuphambene newashi ukuze lowo mzuzu wamandla 3 ube nophawu oluhle.

Umzuzu wamandla ophumela:

Στ = τ₁ + τ₂ + τ₃

Στ = -3F + 4F + 3F

Στ = 4F

Ubukhulu besikhathi samandla buyi-4F Newton metres. Isikhathi esihle samandla sisho ukuthi induku ijikeleza ngokuphambene newashi.

Impendulo efanele ngu-C.

3. Bheka isithombe!

Uma isisindo senduku ye-AC singanakwa, eya = 30^o, ubude AB = BC = 1 imitha, umzuzu wamandla wesistimu nge-axis ephuzwini A…

A. 10√3 Nm ngokwewashi

B. 10√3 Nm ngokuphambene newashi

C. 20 Nm ngokwewashi

D. 20√3 Nm ngokuphambene newashi

E. 20√3 Nm ngokwewashi

Ingxoxo

Kuyaziwa ukuthi:

I-axis yokujikeleza isendaweni A.

Isitayela 1 (F)₁) = 10 N

Ibanga phakathi kwamaphuzu okusebenza F₁ nge-axis yokujikeleza (r₁) = 1 amamitha

Isitayela 2 (F)₂) = 10 N

Ibanga phakathi kwamaphuzu okusebenza F₂ nge-axis yokujikeleza (r₂) = 1 amamitha

Isitayela 3 (F)₃) = 20 N

Ibanga phakathi kwamaphuzu okusebenza F₃ nge-axis yokujikeleza (r₃) = 2 amamitha

Kubuziwe: Mi-omen yesitayela sesistimu ene-axis endaweni A

Impendulo:

Isikhathi Samandla 1:

τ₁ =F₁ r₁ ngaphandle 30^o = (10)(1)(0,5) = 5 amamitha e-Newton

Umzuzu wamandla 1 ubangela ukuthi induku ijikeleze ngokuphambene newashi ukuze lowo mzuzu wamandla 1 ube nophawu oluhle.

Isikhathi Samandla 2:

τ₂ =F₂ r₂ ngaphandle 30^o = (10)(1)(0,5) = -5 amamitha e-Newton

Umzuzu wamandla 2 ubangela ukuthi induku ijikeleze ngokwewashi ukuze lowo mzuzu wamandla 2 ube nophawu olubi.

Isikhathi Samandla 3:

τ₃ =F₃ r₃ ngaphandle 60^o = (20)(2)(0,5.3) = -20.3 Imitha yeNewton

Umzuzu wamandla 2 ubangela ukuthi induku ijikeleze ngokwewashi ukuze lowo mzuzu wamandla 2 ube nophawu olubi.

Umzuzu wamandla ophumela:

Στ = τ₁ + τ₂ + τ₃

Στ = 5 – 5 – 20.3

Στ = – 20√3 amamitha e-Newton

Ubukhulu besikhathi samandla bungu 20√3 amamitha e-NewtonIsikhathi samandla sinencazelo engemihle ukuzungeza kwenduku ngendlela yewashi.

Impendulo efanele ngu-E.

4. Bheka isithombe ohlangothini!

I-pulley yenziwe ngezinto eziqinile (I = 2/5 MR²) inesisindo esingu-2 kg. Uma isikhathi samandla ku-pulley singu-4 Nm, khona-ke ukusheshisa okuqondile kwe-pulley kungu…. (g = 10 ms^-2)

A. 50 ms^-2

B. 25 ms^-2

C. 20 ms^-2

D. 16 ms^-2

E. 8 ms^-2

Ingxoxo

Kuyaziwa ukuthi:

Isikhathi sokungahlali kahle kwe-pulley eqinile (I) = 2/5 MR²

Isisindo se-Pulley (M) = 2 kg

Isikhathi samandla (τ) = 4 Nm

Ukusheshisa ngenxa yamandla adonsela phansi (g) = 10 ms^-2

Irediyasi ye-Pulley (R) = 20 cm = 0,2 m

Kubuziwe: Ukusheshisa okuqondile (a)

Impendulo:

Bala isikhathi sokungabi namandla kwe-pulley (I):

I = 2/5 MR² = 2/5 (2)(0,2)² = 2/5 (2)(0,04) = 2/5 (0,08) = 0,16/5 = 0,032 kg m²

Bala ukusheshisa ekhoneni (α):

τ = I α

α = τ/I = 4/0,032 = 125 rad.s^-2

Bala ukusheshisa okuqondile (a):

a = R α = (0,2)(125) = 25 Nks.^-2

Ukusheshisa okuqondile umkhawulo we-pulley kuyinto 25 Nks.^-2.

Impendulo efanele ingu-B.

5. Bheka isithombe ohlangothini! I-pulley yebhola eliqinile ijikeleza ngesivinini esingu-2 m/s.^-2, uma u-g = 10 ms^-2, khona-ke isikhathi sokungakhathali kwe-pulley si ....

A. 1,0 kg.m²

B. 0,8 kg.m²

C. 0,6 kg.m²

D. 0,2 kg.m²

E. 0,1 kg.m²

Ingxoxo

Kuyaziwa ukuthi:

Ukusheshisa okuqondile komphetho we-pulley (a) = I-2 ms^-2

Ukusheshisa ngenxa yamandla adonsela phansi (g) = 10 ms^-2

Irediyasi ye-Pulley (R) = 10 cm = 0,1 m

Isisindo somthwalo (w) = mg = (4)(10) = 40 N

Kubuziwe: Mi-pulley inertia omen

Impendulo:

Bala isikhathi samandla (τ) :

τ = FR = w R = (40)(0,1) = 4 Nm

Bala ukusheshisa kwe-angular kwe-pulley (α):

a = R α

α = a/R = 2/0,1 = 20 rad.s^-2

Bala isikhathi sokungabi namandla kwe-pulley (I):

τ = I α

Mina = τ/α = 4/20 = 0,2 kg m²

Impendulo efanele ngu-D.

6. Bheka isithombe ohlangothini!

I-pulley idonswa ngendlela yokuthi i-pulley ihambe ngokusheshisa okungu-1 ms^-2Uma irediyasi ye-pulley ingu-10 cm khona-ke isikhathi sokungaqhubeki kwe-pulley….

A. 4,00 kg.m²

B. 2,00 kg.m²

C. 0,04 kg.m²

D. 0,02 kg.m²

E. 0,01 kg.m²

Ingxoxo

Kuyaziwa ukuthi:

Ukusheshisa okuqondile komphetho we-pulley (a) = 1 ms^-2

Ukusheshisa ngenxa yamandla adonsela phansi (g) = 10 ms^-2

Irediyasi ye-Pulley (R) = 10 cm = 0,1 m

Amandla okudonsa (F) = 4 N

Kubuziwe: Mi-pulley inertia omen

Impendulo:

Bala isikhathi samandla (τ) :

τ = FR = (4)(0,1) = 0,4 Nm

Bala ukusheshisa kwe-angular kwe-pulley (α):

a = R α

α = a/R = 1/0,1 = 10 rad.s^-2

Bala isikhathi sokungabi namandla kwe-pulley (I):

τ = I α

Mina = τ/α = 0,4/10 = 0,04 kg m²

Impendulo efanele ngu-C.

7. I-pulley yediski eqinile enesisindo esingu-1 kg kanye ne-radius engu-10 cm inentambo eboshwe onqenqemeni lwayo, futhi isisindo esingu-1 kg silenga kolunye uhlangothi lwentambo. Ake sithi intambo ayinasisindo. Ukusheshisa kokunyakaza komthwalo phansi… (g = 10 m/s²)
A. 10 m/s²
B. 12 m/s²
C. 15 m/s²
D. 20 m/s²
E. 22 m/s²Ingxoxo:
Kuyaziwa ukuthi:
F = w = mg = (1 kg)(10 m/s²) = 10 Newton
r = 0,1 imitha
Kubuziwe:
Ukusheshisa kokunyakaza komthwalo
Impendulo:
I-Hitung Isikhathi Sokungabi Naso dan Isikhathi Sesitayela kuqala.

Impendulo efanele ngu-D.

8. I-pulley yediski eqinile enobunzima obungu-2M kanye ne-radius engu-R, igoqwa onqenqemeni ngentambo, bese umthwalo onobunzima obungu-m ulengiswe kolunye uhlangothi lwentambo. Lapho umthwalo ukhishwa, i-pulley ijikeleza ngokusheshisa kwe-angular okungu-. Uma into enobunzima obungu-M inamathele ku-pulley, khona-ke ukuze i-pulley ijikeleze ngokusheshisa okufanayo kwe-angular, isisindo somthwalo kumele senziwe... (I-pulley = ½ mr²).
A. ¾ m kg
B. 3/2 m kg
C. 2 m kg
D. 3 m kg
E. 4 m kg

Ingxoxo:
Kuyaziwa ukuthi:
Isisindo se-pulley yediski eqinile: 2M
Irediyasi yepulley yediski eqinile: R
Isisindo somthwalo: m
Kubuziwe :
Isisindo somthwalo?
Impendulo:

Bala isikhathi sokungabi namandla kwe-pulley yediski eqinile, ngaphambi nangemva kokuthi into enesisindo u-M inamathele kuyo:
Isikhathi Sokungabi Naso Isikhathi 1: I = ½ mr² = ½ (2M)(R)² = MR²
Isikhathi Sokungabi Naso Isikhathi 2: I = ½ mr² = ½ (2M + M)(R)² = ½ (3M)(R)² = 1,5 MR²

Umthombo wombuzo:

Imibuzo Yefiziksi Yezivivinyo Zikazwelonke Zesikole Samabanga Aphezulu/Isikole Samabanga Aphezulu Sokufundela Umsebenzi