Isibonelo sombuzo we-telescope yezinkanyezi (ama-binoculars)

Izibonelo Eziyi-9 Zemibuzo Ye-Telescope Yezinkanyezi

1. A itheleskopu inezinhlobo ezimbili ilensi eqondile. Ilensi eqondile ekude kakhulu neso lomqaphi ibizwa ngokuthi ilensi eqondile kanti ilensi eqondile eseduze neso lomqaphi ibizwa ngokuthi ilensi ye-eyepiece. Ubude be-focal lens ye-objective bungu-400 cm kanti ubude be-focal lens ye-eyepiece bungu-20 cm. Uma iso lomqaphi livamile futhi linendawo encane yokuhlala, nquma:
a) ukukhuliswa okuphelele kwetheleskopu (M),
b) ibanga phakathi kwelensi eqondiwe kanye nesithombe esikhiqizwe yilensi eqondiwe (s)_ob'),
c) ibanga phakathi kwesithombe esikhiqizwe ilensi eqondiwe kanye nelensi ye-eyepiece (s)_ok)
d) ibanga phakathi kwamalensi amabili aqondile
Ingxoxo
Kuyaziwa ukuthi:
Ubude obuqondile belensi eqondiwe (f)_ob= 400cm
Ubude be-focal yelensi ye-eyepiece (f)_ok= 20cm
Iso livumela kancane ukuze isithombe sangempela esikhiqizwa yilensi eqondiwe sibe sendaweni yesibili eqondiwe yelensi eqondiwe kanye nendawo yokuqala eqondiwe yelensi ye-eyepiece.
Impendulo:
a) Ukwandiswa okuphelele kwetheleskopu (M)
Ifomula yokukhulisa itheleskopu lapho iso lisesimweni esilinganiselwe:
M = f_ob /f_ok
Ukwandiswa kwetheleskopu yilokhu:
M = 400 cm / 20 cm = izikhathi ezingu-20
Isithombe sokugcina singokoqobo futhi siguquliwe. Qhathanisa nencazelo esesihlokweni ithuluzi lokukhanya le-telescope.

b) Ibanga lesithombe ukusuka kulensi (ama) enhloso_ob')
Uma iso lomqaphi likwazi ukwamukela okungenani, khona-ke ibanga lesithombe lisuka kulensi (ama) enhloso_ob') = ubude bokugxila belensi eqondiwe (f_ob) = 400 cm = 4 amamitha.
Qhathanisa nencazelo ngesihloko ifomula yethuluzi lokukhanya le-telescope.

c) Ibanga "lento" kusukela kulensi ye-eyepiece (s)_ok)
Uma iso lingahlangani kahle, ibanga eliphakathi kwesithombe esikhiqizwe ilensi eqondiwe kanye nelensi (ama) ye-eyepiece_ok) = ubude obuqondile belensi yeso (f_ok) = 20 cm = 0,2 amamitha.

d) Ibanga phakathi kwamalensi amabili aqondile
Ibanga eliphakathi kwamalensi amabili aqondile = ubude betheleskopu (l) = ubude obuqondile belensi eqondile (f)_ob) + ubude obuqondile belensi yeso (f_ok) = 400 cm + 20 cm = 420 cm.

2. Umuntu onamehlo ajwayelekile usebenzisa iteleskopu ukuze abone into. Ibanga eliphakathi kwelensi eqondiwe kanye nelensi ye-eyepiece lingama-20 cm. Ukwandiswa okuphelele kwetheleskopu uma iso lisesimweni esincane kuphindwe izikhathi ezingama-40. Bala ubude obuqondile belensi ye-eyepiece (f)._ok) kanye nobude obuqondile belensi eqondiwe (f_ob)
Ingxoxo
Kuyaziwa ukuthi:
Ubude beteleskopu (l) = 20 cm
Ukukhulisa okuphelele kwetheleskopu (M) = izikhathi ezingu-40
Impendulo:
Uma iso likwazi ukwamukela okungenani, ubude obuqondile belensi yeso (f)_ok) + ubude bokugxila belensi eqondiwe (f_ob) = ubude beteleskopu (l)
f_ok +f_ob = l
f_ob = l – f_ok
f_ob = 20 – f_ok —–> Isibalo 1

Ifomula yokukhulisa ingqikithi yesibonakude (M):
M = f_ob /f_ok
f_ob = M f_ok
f_ob = 40 f_ok —–> Isibalo 2

Ubude be-focal yelensi ye-eyepiece:
Faka esikhundleni u-f_ob ku-equation 1 no-f_ob ku-equation 2:
f_ob = 20 – f_ok
I-40 f_ok = 20 – f_ok
I-40 f_ok +f_ok = 20
I-41 f_ok = 20
f_ok = 20 cm / 41
f_ok = 0,5cm
Ubude obuqondile belensi ye-eyepiece buyi-0,5 cm.

Ubude be-focus yelensi eqondiwe:
f_ob = 20 – f_ok
f_ob = 20 - 0,5
f_ob = 19,5cm

3. Bheka isithombe!
Ukwandiswa kwetheleskopu yeso elingafaneleki ngokusekelwe esithombeni esingenhla…

A. izikhathi ezimbili
B. izikhathi ezintathu
C. izikhathi ezine
D. izikhathi ezi-10,5
E. izikhathi ezingu-9,5

Ingxoxo

Uma zibukwa ngqo ngeso lenyama, izinto ezikude zibonakala zincane kakhulu. Ukuze ubone izinto ezikude ngokucacile, kusetshenziswa ama-binocular noma ama-telescope. Umsebenzi wama-binoculars ukukhulisa izinto ezikude ukuze zibonakale kahle ngeso lenyama.

Ngokusekelwe esithombeni esingenhla, ama-binocular ezinsimbi ezibonakalayo yakhiwe ngababili ilensi eqondile alias ilensi ehlanganayoAma-binocular aqukethe amalensi amabili ahlanganayo itheleskopu yezinkanyezi noma itheleskopuIlensi eseduze nento ibizwa ngokuthi ilensi eqondile futhi ilensi eseduze neso ibizwa ngokuthi ilensi yesithombe samehloIlensi eqondile isebenza ukukhiqiza isithunzi sangempela lapho isithombe sangempela sibonwa njengento ilensi ye-eyepiece. Ilensi ye-eyepiece ibe isikhulisa isithombe. Isithombe esikhiqizwa ilensi ye-eyepiece sibonakala singokoqobo, siguquliwe, futhi sikhulisiwe.  

Uma iso lisesimweni esiphansi noma iso lisesimweni sokuphumula, isithombe sento ekhiqizwa ilensi ye-eyepiece sisebangeni elingenamkhawulo. Lokhu kwenzeka uma isithombe sangempela esakhiwe ilensi eqondiwe futhi esibonwa njengento ilensi ye-eyepiece sisephuzwini eliqondiwe lensi eqondiwe kanye nephuzwi eliqondiwe lensi ye-eyepiece, njengoba kuboniswe esithombeni esingenhla. Ubude betheleskopu = ubude obuqondiwe belensi eqondiwe (f)_ob) + ubude obuqondile belensi yeso (f_ok).
I-Diketahui :
Ubude obuqondile belensi eqondiwe (f)_ob= 100cm
Ubude be-focal yelensi ye-eyepiece (f)_ok= 8cm
Kubuziwe : Ukukhulisa i-binocular yeso elingavunyelwe (indawo encane yokuhlala)
Jawab :
Ukwandiswa okuphelele kwetheleskopu:
M = -f_ob /f_ok
M = -100 cm / 8 cm
M = -12,5 izikhathi
Uphawu olubi lusho ukuthi isithombe sokugcina noma isithombe esakhiwe yilensi ye-eyepiece siphendukezelwe.
Impendulo efanele ingu-B.

4. Indlela yokukhanya lapho kudlula ohlelweni lokukhanya lweteleskopu iboniswe esithombeni.
Ngokusekelwe esithombeni esingenhla, ukukhuliswa kwesithombe seso ngaphandle kokufakwa endaweni ethile…

A. izikhathi ezimbili
B. izikhathi ezintathu
C. izikhathi ezine
D. izikhathi ezi-40
E. izikhathi ezingu-30

Ingxoxo
I-Diketahui :
Ubude obuqondile belensi eqondiwe (f)_ob= 200cm
Ubude be-focal yelensi ye-eyepiece (f)_ok= 5cm
Kubuziwe : Ukukhulisa isithombe sokugcina kweso elingafaneleki
Jawab :
Ukwandiswa okuphelele kwetheleskopu:
M = -f_ob /f_ok
M = -200 cm / 5 cm
M = -40 izikhathi
Uphawu olunegethivu lusho ukuthi isithombe siphendukezelwe.
Impendulo efanele ngu-D.

5. Bheka isithombe sendlela yokukhanya ngetheleskopu elandelayo!
Uma ibanga eliphakathi kwelensi eqondiwe kanye nelensi ye-eyepiece (d) liphindwe izikhathi ezingu-11 kunobude be-focal lens ye-eyepiece, khona-ke ukukhuliswa okukhiqizwa yi-telescope yeso ngaphandle kokufakwa...
A. izikhathi ezimbili
B. izikhathi ezintathu
C. izikhathi ezine
D. izikhathi ezi-30
E. izikhathi ezingu-50
Ingxoxo
I-Diketahui :
Ibanga phakathi kwelensi eqondile nelensi ye-eyepiece = ubude beteleskopu = 11 f_ok
Ubude be-focal yelensi ye-eyepiece (f)_ok) = f_ok
Ubude obuqondile belensi eqondiwe (f)_ob) = ubude betheleskopu – ubude obuqondile belensi yeso = 11 f_ok - f_ok = 10 f_ok  
Kubuziwe : Ukukhulisa i-binocular
Jawab :
M = -f_ob /f_ok
M = -10 f_ok /f_ok
M = -10 izikhathi
Uphawu olunegethivu lusho ukuthi isithombe siphendukezelwe.
Impendulo efanele ngu-A.

9. Bheka isithombe!

Ukwandiswa kwetheleskopu yeso elingafaneleki ngokusekelwe esithombeni esingenhla…

A. izikhathi ezimbili

B. izikhathi ezintathu

C. izikhathi ezine

D. izikhathi ezi-10,5

E. izikhathi ezingu-9,5

Ingxoxo

Uma zibukwa ngqo ngeso lenyama, izinto ezikude zibonakala zincane kakhulu. Ukuze ubone izinto ezikude ngokucacile, kusetshenziswa ama-binocular noma ama-telescope. Umsebenzi wama-binoculars ukukhulisa isithombe sezinto ezikude ukuze zibonakale kahle ngeso lenyama.

Ngokusekelwe esithombeni esingenhla, itheleskopu inezingxenye ezimbili. ilensi eqondile alias ilensi ehlanganayoAma-binocular aqukethe amalensi amabili ahlanganayo itheleskopu yezinkanyezi noma itheleskopuIlensi eseduze nento ibizwa ngokuthi ilensi eqondile futhi ilensi eseduze neso ibizwa ngokuthi ilensi yesithombe samehloIlensi eqondile isebenza ukukhiqiza isithunzi sangempela lapho isithombe sangempela sibonwa njengento ilensi ye-eyepiece. Ilensi ye-eyepiece ibe isikhulisa isithombe. Isithombe esikhiqizwa ilensi ye-eyepiece sibonakala singokoqobo, siguquliwe, futhi sikhulisiwe.

Uma iso lisesimweni esiphansi noma iso lisesimweni sokuphumula, isithombe sento ekhiqizwa ilensi ye-eyepiece sisebangeni elingenamkhawulo. Lokhu kwenzeka uma isithombe sangempela esakhiwe ilensi eqondiwe futhi esibonwa njengento ilensi ye-eyepiece sisephuzwini eliqondiwe lensi eqondiwe kanye nephuzwi eliqondiwe lensi ye-eyepiece, njengoba kuboniswe esithombeni esingenhla. Ubude betheleskopu = ubude obuqondiwe belensi eqondiwe (f)_ob) + ubude obuqondile belensi yeso (f_ok).

Kuyaziwa ukuthi :

Ubude be-focal yelensi eqondiwe (f _ob ) = 100 cm

Ubude be-focal yelensi ye-eyepiece (f)_ok= 8cm

Kubuziwe : Ukukhulisa i-binocular yeso elingavunyelwe (indawo encane yokuhlala)

Impendulo :

Ukwandiswa okuphelele kwetheleskopu:

M = -f_ob /f_ok

M = -100 cm / 8 cm

M = -12,5 izikhathi

Uphawu olubi lusho ukuthi isithombe sokugcina noma isithombe esakhiwe yilensi ye-eyepiece siphendukezelwe.

Impendulo efanele ingu-B.

7. Indlela yokukhanya lapho idlula ohlelweni lwe-optical lwe-telescope iboniswe esithombeni.

Ngokusekelwe esithombeni esingenhla, ukukhuliswa kwesithombe seso ngaphandle kokufakwa endaweni ethile…

A. izikhathi ezimbili

B. izikhathi ezintathu

C. izikhathi ezine

D. izikhathi ezi-40

E. izikhathi ezingu-30

Ingxoxo

Kuyaziwa ukuthi :

Ubude be-focal yelensi eqondiwe (f _ob ) = 200 cm

Ubude be-focal yelensi ye-eyepiece (f)_ok= 5cm

Kubuziwe : Ukukhulisa isithombe sokugcina kweso elingafaneleki

Impendulo :

Ukwandiswa okuphelele kwetheleskopu:

M = -f_ob /f_ok

M = -200 cm / 5 cm

M = -40 izikhathi

Uphawu olunegethivu lusho ukuthi isithombe siphendukezelwe.

Impendulo efanele ngu-D.

8. Naka isithombe sendlela yokukhanya ngetheleskopu elandelayo!

Uma ibanga eliphakathi kwelensi eqondiwe kanye nelensi ye-eyepiece (d) liphindwe izikhathi ezingu-11 kunobude be-focal lens ye-eyepiece, khona-ke ukukhuliswa okukhiqizwa yi-telescope yeso ngaphandle kokufakwa...

A. izikhathi ezimbili

B. izikhathi ezintathu

C. izikhathi ezine

D. izikhathi ezi-30

E. izikhathi ezingu-50

Ingxoxo

Kuyaziwa ukuthi :

Ibanga phakathi kwelensi eqondile nelensi ye-eyepiece = ubude beteleskopu = 11 f_ok

Ubude be-focal yelensi ye-eyepiece (f)_ok) = f_ok

Ubude obuqondile belensi eqondiwe (f)_ob) = ubude betheleskopu – ubude obuqondile belensi yeso = 11 f_ok - f_ok = 10 f_ok

Kubuziwe : Ukukhulisa i-binocular

Impendulo :

M = -f_ob /f_ok

M = -10 f_ok /f_ok

M = -10 izikhathi

Uphawu olunegethivu lusho ukuthi isithombe siphendukezelwe.

Impendulo efanele ngu-A.

9. Indlela yokukhanya lapho idlula ohlelweni lokukhanya lwe-telescope yezinkanyezi iboniswe esithombeni.

Lesi sithombe sibonisa ukuthi….

Ingxoxo

Kuyaziwa ukuthi:

Ibanga phakathi kwelensi eqondile kanye ne-eyepiece (l) = 126 cm

Ubude be-focal yelensi ye-eyepiece (f)_ok= 6cm

Ubude be-focal yelensi eqondiwe (f _ob ) = 120 cm

Kubuziwe: Ukukhulisa okuphelele kwesithombe

Impendulo:

Isithombe sokugcina esisekelwe esithombeni esingenhla sikude kakhulu. Uma isithombe sokugcina sikude kakhulu, iso lisesimweni esihle kakhulu (iso likhululekile).

Ifomula yokukhulisa okuphelele kwe-angular lapho iso lisezingeni eliphansi yile:

M = m_ob M_ok

Incazelo: M = ukukhulisa okuphelele kwe-angular, m_ob = ukukhuliswa okuqondile ngelensi eqondiwe, M_ok = ukukhuliswa kwe-angular ngelensi ye-eyepiece.

Into ikude kakhulu nelensi eqondile kangangokuthi ukukhulisa okuqondile kuncane kakhulu kangangokuthi akunakwa. Kusetshenziswa ukukhulisa okungunxande kuphela nge-eyepiece ekubalweni. Ifomula yokukhulisa okungunxande nge-eyepiece yilensi yile:

Impendulo efanele ingu-B.

Umthombo wombuzo:

Imibuzo Yefiziksi Yezivivinyo Zikazwelonke Zesikole Samabanga Aphezulu/Isikole Samabanga Aphezulu Sokufundela Umsebenzi