Izibonelo Eziyi-9 Zemibuzo Yesifunda Sikagesi Esiqondile Samanje
1. Bheka isithombe sokuhlelwa kwe-resistor ngezansi! Ubukhulu bomsinga nge-R 1 …
A. 2,0 I-Ampere
B. 2,5 Ampere
Ama-Ampere angu-C. 4,0
D. 4,5 Ampere
I-E. 5,0 Ampere
Ingxoxo
I-Diketahui :
Isivikelo 1 (R)1) = 4 Ω
Isivikelo 2 (R)2) = 4 Ω
Isivikelo 3 (R)3) = 8 Ω
I-voltage kagesi (V) = 40 Volts
Kubuziwe : Ugesi ngokusebenzisa u-R1
Jawab :
Ugesi ugeleza usuka kumandla aphezulu uye kumandla aphansi. Isiqondiso sogesi kusekethe engenhla sifana nesiqondiso sezandla zewashi.
Ugesi ophuma ebhethri
Qala ngokubala i-resistor yokufaka esikhundleni (R). Ngemva kwalokho, bala ugesi usebenzisa ifomula Umthetho ka-Ohm :
V = IR noma I = V / R
Incazelo yefomula: V = i-voltage, I = yamanje, R = i-resistor yokufaka esikhundleni
Isithambisi sokufaka esikhundleni:
I-Hitung isitha ukufaka esikhundleni sesekethe engenhla.
Umphikisi R1 kanye ne-resistor R2 ihlelwe ngokulingana. I-resistor yokufaka esikhundleni yile:
1 / R12 = 1/R1 +1/R2 = 1/4 + 1/4 = 2/4
R12 = 4/2 = 2 Ω
Umphikisi R12 kanye ne-resistor R3 ihlelwe ngokulandelana. I-resistor yokufaka esikhundleni yile:
R= R12 + R3 = 2 + 8 = 10 Ω
Ugesi ophuma ebhethri :
I = V / R = 40 / 10 = 4 Ampere
Amandla kagesi aphuma ebhethri angama-4 Ampere.
I-voltage kagesi Vab kanye no-Vbc
Umthetho Wokuqala KaKirchhoff ithi inani lamandla kagesi angena egatsheni lifana nenani lamandla kagesi aphuma kulelo gatsha. Ngokusekelwe emthethweni wokuqala kaKirchhoff, kuphethwa ngokuthi uma ugesi ophuma ebhethri ungama-Ampere angu-4, khona-ke ugesi odlula ku-ab ufana nama-Ampere angu-4, ngokufanayo nogesi odlula ku-bc ungama-Ampere angu-4.
I-voltage kagesi Vab :
Vab = Minaab Rab = (4)(2) = 8 Ama-volts
I-voltage kagesi Vbc :
Vbc = Minabc Rbc = (4)(8) = 32 Ama-volts
Isekethe engenhla ihlelwe ngokulandelana ukuze i-voltage kagesi iyonke ibe yi-V = Vab +Vbc = 8 Ama-volts + 32 Ama-volts = 40 Ama-volts.
Ugesi ogeleza ngo-R1 = 4 Ω
I1 =Vab /R1 = 8 Ama-volts / 4 Ohms = 2 Ama-amps
I2 =Vab /R2 = 8 Ama-volts / 4 Ohms = 2 Ama-amps
Ugesi ophuma ebhethrini ungama-Ampere angu-4. Uma ufika endaweni a, ugesi uhlukana kabili, kanti ama-Ampere angu-2 ageleza nge-resistor R.1 kanye nogesi ongu-2 Amperes ugeleza nge-resistor R2. 2 Ama-Ampere + 2 Ama-Ampere = Ama-Ampere ama-4. Lokhu kuvumelana nomthetho wokuqala kaKirchhoff.
Impendulo efanele ngu-A.
2. Cabanga ngesekethe kagesi elandelayo. Ubukhulu bomsinga ogeleza nge-resistor engu-4 Ω…
A. 1,0 A
B. 1,2 A
C. 1,6 A
D. 2,4 A
E. 3,2 A
Ingxoxo
I-Diketahui :
Isivikelo 1 (R)1) = 6 Ω
Isivikelo 2 (R)2) = 4 Ω
Isivikelo 3 (R)3) = 1,6 Ω
I-voltage kagesi (V) = 16 Volts
Kubuziwe : Umsinga ogeleza nge-resistor engu-4 Ω
Jawab :
Ugesi ugeleza usuka kumandla aphezulu uye kumandla aphansi. Isiqondiso sogesi kusekethe engenhla sifana nesiqondiso sezandla zewashi.
Ugesi ophuma ebhethri
Isithambisi sokufaka esikhundleni:
Umphikisi R1 kanye ne-resistor R2 ihlelwe ngokulingana. I-resistor yokufaka esikhundleni yile:
1 / R12 = 1/R1 +1/R2 = 1/6 + 1/4 = 2/12 + 3/12 = 5/12
R12 = 12/5 = 2,4 Ω
Umphikisi R12 kanye ne-resistor R3 ihlelwe ngokulandelana. I-resistor yokufaka esikhundleni yile:
R= R12 + R3 = 2,4 + 1,6 = 4 Ω
Ugesi ophuma ebhethri :
I = V / R = 16 / 4 = 4 Ampere
Amandla kagesi aphuma ebhethri angama-4 Ampere.
I-voltage kagesi Vab kanye no-Vbc
Ngokusekelwe emthethweni wokuqala kaKirchhoff, kuphethwa ngokuthi uma ugesi ophuma ebhethri ungama-Ampere angu-4, khona-ke ugesi odlula ku-ab ufana nama-Ampere angu-4, ngokufanayo nogesi odlula ku-bc ungama-Ampere angu-4.
I-voltage kagesi Vab :
Vab = Minaab Rab = (4)(2,4) = 9,6 Ama-volts
I-voltage kagesi Vbc :
Vbc = Minabc Rbc = (4)(1,6) = 6,4 Ama-volts
Isekethe engenhla ihlelwe ngokulandelana ukuze i-voltage kagesi iyonke ibe yi-V = Vab +Vbc = 9,6 Ama-volts + 6,4 Ama-volts = 16 Ama-volts.
Ugesi ogeleza ngo-R2 = 4 Ω
I1 =Vab /R1 = 9,6 Ama-volts / 6 Ohms = 1,6 Ama-amps
I2 =Vab /R2 = 9,6 Ama-volts / 4 Ohms = 2,4 Ama-amps
Ugesi ophuma ebhethrini ungama-Ampere angu-4. Uma ufika endaweni a, ugesi uhlukana kabili, kanti ama-Ampere angu-1,6 ageleza nge-resistor R.1 kanye nogesi ongu-2,4 Amperes ugeleza nge-resistor R2. 1,6 Ama-Ampere + 2,4 Ama-Ampere = Ama-Ampere ama-4. Lokhu kuvumelana nomthetho wokuqala kaKirchhoff.
Impendulo efanele ngu-D.
3. 
Naka isekethe kagesi elandelayo!
Uma i-resistor engu-5 Ohm esesekethe ithathelwa indawo yi-resistor engu-7 Ohm, khona-ke isilinganiso samandla aphelele ageleza esesekethe ngaphambi nangemva kokufakwa esikhundleni...
Ingxoxo
I-resistor engu-6 Ohm kanye ne-resistor engu-6 Ohm zixhunywe ngokulingana. Ama-resistor alinganayo yilawa:
1/R AB = 1/6 + 1/6 = 2/6
R AB = 6/2 = 3 Ohm
Sebenzisa umthetho wesibili kaKirchhoff kusekethe, uma ukumelana = 5 Ohm:
Khetha isiqondiso samanje ngokwewashi.
12 – 5I – 4 – 3I = 0
12 – 4 – 5I – 3I = 0
8 – 8I = 0
8 = 8I
I = 8/8
I = 1 Ampere
U-I uphawulwe ngokuthi u-positive, okusho ukuthi indlela kagesi ohamba ngayo ihambisana nokukhetha, okungukuthi ngokwewashi.
Sebenzisa umthetho wesibili kaKirchhoff kusekethe, uma ukumelana = 7 Ohm:
Khetha isiqondiso samanje ngokwewashi.
12 – 7I – 4 – 3I = 0
12 – 4 – 7I – 3I = 0
8 – 10I = 0
8 = 10I
I = 8/10
I = 0,8 Ampere
U-I uphawulwe ngokuthi u-positive, okusho ukuthi indlela kagesi ohamba ngayo ihambisana nokukhetha, okungukuthi ngokwewashi.
Ukuqhathaniswa kwamandla kagesi ngaphambi nangemva:
1: 0,8
10: 8
5: 4
4. Naka isekethe kagesi elandelayo!
Ubukhulu bamandla ku-resistor engu-6 Ω …
A. Ama-Watts angu-1,5
B. 3,0 Watts
C. 6,0 Watts
Ama-watt angu-D. 9,0
Ama-watt angu-18,0 E.
Ingxoxo
Ifomula yamandla kagesi:
P = I 2 R
Ngaphambi kokubala amandla kagesi, qala ubale ugesi odlula ku- resistor engu-6 Ω usebenzisa umthetho kaKirchhoff.
Isiqondiso samanje sikhethwe njengoba kuboniswe esithombeni ohlangothini. 
Sebenzisa umthetho wokuqala kaKirchhoff:
I 1 + I 2 = I 3 ………. Isibalo 1
Sebenzisa umthetho wesibili kaKirchhoff ku-I 1 :
6 – 12 I 1 – 6 I 3 = 0
-12 I 1 = 6 I 3 – 6
I 1 = (6 I 3 – 6) / -12 ………. Isibalo 2
Sebenzisa umthetho wesibili kaKirchhoff ku-I 2 :
6 – 12 I 2 – 6 I 3 = 0
– 12 I 2 = 6 I 3 – 6
I 2 = (6 I 3 – 6) / – 12 ………. Isibalo 3
Faka i-equation 2 kanye ne-equation 3 ku- equation 1 :
I- 3 inophawu oluhle, okusho ukuthi isiqondiso se- 3 sihambisana nesiqondiso esikhethiwe, njengoba kusesithombeni esingenhla.
Sebenzisa i-equation 2 ukuze ubale u-I 1 :
I 1 = (6 I 3 – 6) / -12
I 1 = (6.0,5 – 6) / -12
I 1 = (3 – 6) / -12
I 1 = -3 / -12
I 1 = 1/4 A
I- 1 inophawu oluhle, okusho ukuthi isiqondiso se- 1 sihambisana nesiqondiso esikhethiwe, njengoba kusesithombeni esingenhla.
Sebenzisa i-equation 3 ukuze ubale u-I 2 :
I 2 = (6 I 3 – 6) / – 12
I 2 = (6.0,5 – 6) / -12
I 2 = (3 – 6) / -12
I 2 = -3 / -12
I 2 = 1/4 A
I-I 2 inophawu oluhle, okusho ukuthi isiqondiso se-I 1 sihambisana nesiqondiso esikhethiwe, njengoba kusesithombeni esingenhla.
Sebenzisa umthetho wokuqala kaKirchhoff ukufakazela ukunemba kwemiphumela etholakele:
I 1 + I 2 = I 3
1/4 + 1/4 = 1/2
Ugesi odlula ekuphikisweni okungu- 6 Ω ungu-I 3 = 1/2 Ampere.
Amandla kagesi ekumelaneni okungu- 6 Ω yi- P = I 2 R = (1/2) 2 (6) = 1/4 (6) = 1,5 Watt
Impendulo efanele ngu-A.
5. Kumdwebo wesekethe kagesi ohlangothini, ubukhulu bomehluko wamandla kagesi phakathi kwe-resistor R 3 …
A. 0,5 V
B. 0,6 V
C. 0,9 V
D. 1,0 V
E. 1,3 V
Ingxoxo
Kuyaziwa ukuthi:
Ukumelana 1 (R1 ) = 2 Ω
Ukumelana 2 (R2 ) = 4 Ω
Ukumelana 3 (R3 ) = 3 Ω
Umthombo we-emf 1 (E 1 ) = 6 Volts
Umthombo we-emf 2 (E 2 ) = 9 Volts
Umbuzo: Umehluko wamandla kagesi kulo lonke i-resistor R 3
Impendulo:
Bala ugesi (I) ogeleza nge-resistor R 3
Okokuqala bala ugesi ogeleza kusekethe:
Ekuxazululeni le nkinga, kukhethwa indlela yamanje ukuthi ihambisane newashi.
E 1 – IR 1 – E 2 – IR 2 – IR 3 = 0
6 – 2I – 9 – 4I – 3I = 0
6 – 9 – 2I – 4I – 3I = 0
-3 – 9I = 0
-3 = 9I
I = -3/9
I = -1/3
Ugesi ogeleza ngesekethe uyi-1/3 Ampere. Ugesi ongemuhle ubonisa ukuthi isiqondiso samandla kagesi siphambene newashi, hhayi njengoba bekulindelekile.
Isekethe ihlelwe ngokulandelana ukuze ugesi ogeleza kusekethe = ugesi ogeleza ku-resistance R 3 = 1/3 Ampere.
Bala umehluko ongaba khona (V) phakathi kwe-resistor R 3
V = IR 3 = (1/3)(3) = 1 Volt
Impendulo efanele ngu-D.
6. Bheka isithombe senethiwekhi ngezansi!
Ukuze amandla kagesi phakathi kwamaphoyinti C no-D alingane nama-volts angu-4, inani lika-R...
A. 1 Ohm
B. 2 Ohms
C. 4 Ohms
D. 8 Ohm
E. 10 Ohm
Ingxoxo
Kuyaziwa ukuthi:
Ukumelana 1 (R1 ) = 2 Ω
Ukumelana 2 (R2 ) = 2 Ω
Ukumelana 3 (R3 ) = R
Umthombo we-emf 1 (E 1 ) = 8 Volts
Umthombo we-emf 2 (E 2 ) = 4 Volts
Umehluko wamandla kagesi phakathi kwamaphuzu C no-D (V CD ) = 4 Volts
Umbuzo: Inani lokumelana R
Impendulo:
Bala inani lokumelana R
I-V CD = IR
4 = i-IR
R = 4 / I
Kuyaqhubeka…..
Bala ugesi (I) ogeleza nge-resistor R
Ekuxazululeni le nkinga, kukhethwa indlela yamanje ukuthi ihambisane newashi.
– E 1 – 2I + E 2 – 2I – IR = 0
– 8 – 2I + 4 – 2I – I (4/I) = 0
– 8 – 2I + 4 – 2I – 4 = 0
– 8 + 4 – 4 – 2I – 2I = 0
– 8 – 4I = 0
– 8 = 4I
I = -8 / 4
I = -2 Ampere
Ugesi ogeleza kusekethe ungama-Ampere ama-2. Ugesi ongemuhle ubonisa ukuthi isiqondiso sogesi siphambene newashi, hhayi njengoba bekulindelekile.
Isekethe ihlelwe ngokulandelana ukuze ugesi ogeleza kusekethe = ugesi ogeleza ku-resistance R = 2 Amperes.
Inani lokumelana R
Qhubeka…..
R = 4 / I = 4 / 2 = 2 Ohm
Impendulo efanele ingu-B.
7. Bheka umdwebo wesekethe kagesi olandelayo! Ubukhulu be-voltage yokubopha ku-resistor R…
A. 20 Volt
B. 8 Volt
C. 5 Volt
D. 4 Volt
E. 2 Volt
Ingxoxo
I-EMF (E) = umehluko ongaba khona womthombo wamandla kagesi ngaphambi kokugeleza kwamandla kagesi
I-voltage ye-clamp (V) = umehluko ongaba khona womthombo we-voltage kagesi ngemva kokugeleza kwamandla kagesi
Kuyaziwa ukuthi:
Ukumelana 1 (R1 ) = 2 Ω
Ukumelana 2 (R2 ) = 4 Ω
Ukumelana 3 (R3 ) = 4 Ω
Umthombo we-emf 1 (E 1 ) = 20 Volts
Umthombo we-emf 2 (E 2 ) = 15 Volts
Umbuzo: Ubukhulu be-voltage yokubopha ku-resistor R (V)
Impendulo:
Bala ugesi ogeleza kusekethe (I)
Le nkinga ihlobene nomthetho kaKirchhooff. Izinyathelo nendlela yokuxazulula le nkinga:
Okokuqala , khetha indlela yamanje oyithandayo. Ungakhetha ngokuphambene newashi noma ngokuphambene newashi.
Okwesibili , lapho ugesi udlula ku-resistor noma i-resistor (R), kuba nokwehla kwamandla okwenza i-V = IR ibe negative.
Okwesithathu , uma ugesi usuka emazingeni aphansi uye emazingeni aphezulu (- kuya ku-+) khona-ke umthombo we-emf (E) umakwe njengomuhle ngoba kukhona ukugcwaliswa kwamandla emthonjeni we-emf. Uma ugesi usuka emazingeni aphezulu uye emazingeni aphansi (+ kuya ku--) khona-ke umthombo we-emf (E) umakwe njengomuhle ngoba kukhona ukukhishwa kwamandla emthonjeni we-emf.
Ekuxazululeni le nkinga, kukhethwa indlela yamanje ukuthi ihambisane newashi.
E 1 – IR 1 – IR 2 – IR 3 – E 2 = 0
20 – I(2) – I(4) – I(4) – 15 = 0
20 – 15 – Mina (2) – Mina (4) – Mina (4) = 0
5 – 10 I = 0
5 = 10 I
I = 5/10
I = 0,5 Ampere
Ugesi ogeleza kusekethe ungama-Ampere angu-0,5. Ugesi omuhle ubonisa ukuthi isiqondiso samandla sinjengoba kulindelekile, ngokwewashi.
Bala ukumelana okulinganayo (R)
I-Resistor 1 ( R1 ) , i-resistor 2 ( R2 ) kanye ne-resistor 3 (R3 ) zixhunywe ngochungechunge. Ama-resistor okufaka esikhundleni:
R = R 1 + R 2 + R 3 = 2 Ω + 4 Ω + 4 Ω = 10 Ω
I-voltage ye-clamp ku-resistor R (V)
V = IR = (0,5)(10) = 5 Volts
Indlela esheshayo:
I-voltage yokubopha inganqunywa ngqo ngale ndlela elandelayo:
V = E 1 – E 2 = 20 – 15 = 5 Volts
Impendulo efanele ngu-C.
8. Bheka umdwebo wesekethe kagesi olandelayo! Ukushabalaliswa kwamandla ku-resistor engu-3Ω…
A. Ama-Watts angu-4
B. 8 Watts
C. 12 Watts
Ama-watt angu-D. 16
Ama-watt angu-20 E.
Ingxoxo
Amandla okuhlakazeka = amandla asetshenzisiwe
Kuyaziwa ukuthi:
Ukumelana 1 (R1 ) = 2 Ω
Ukumelana 2 (R2 ) = 3 Ω
Ukumelana 3 (R3 ) = 4 Ω
Umthombo we-emf 1 (E 1 ) = 8 Volts
Umthombo we-emf 2 (E 2 ) = 10 Volts
Umbuzo: Ukushabalaliswa kwamandla ku-resistor ye-3Ω
Impendulo:
Amandla okuhlakazeka
Amandla okusaphaza abalwa kusetshenziswa ifomula:
P = VI
Incazelo: P = amandla, V = umehluko ongaba khona kuzo zombili iziphetho ze-resistor engu-3 Ω , I = ugesi ogeleza nge-resistor engu-3 Ω.
Bala ugesi (I) ogeleza nge-resistor engu-3 Ω
Okokuqala bala ugesi ogeleza kusekethe:
Ekuxazululeni le nkinga, kukhethwa indlela yamanje ukuthi ihambisane newashi.
E 1 – IR 1 – IR 2 – IR 3 + E 2 = 0
8 – I(2) – I(3) – I(4) + 10 = 0
18 – 9 I = 0
18 = 9 I
Mina = 18/9
I = 2 Ampere
Ugesi ogeleza kusekethe ungama-Ampere angu-2. Ugesi omuhle ubonisa ukuthi isiqondiso samandla sinjengoba kulindelekile, ngokwewashi.
Isekethe ihlelwe ngokulandelana ukuze ugesi ogeleza kusekethe = ugesi ogeleza ku-3 Ω resistance = 2 Amperes.
Bala umehluko ongaba khona (V) kulo lonke i-resistor engu-3 Ω
V = IR 2 = (2 A)(3 Ω) = 6 Volts
Bala ukushabalaliswa kwamandla ku-resistor engu-3Ω
P = VI = (6 Volt)(2 Ampere) = 12 Volt Ampere = 12 Watt
Impendulo efanele ngu-C.
9. Bheka umdwebo wesekethe kagesi olandelayo! Umehluko ongaba khona phakathi kwamaphuzu A no-B…
A. 1,5 volts
Ama-volts angu-B. 3,0
Ama-volt angu-C. 6,0
D. 7,5 volts
Ama-volt angu-E. 9,0
Ingxoxo
Kuyaziwa ukuthi:
Ukumelana 1 (R1 ) = 2 Ω
Ukumelana 2 (R2 ) = 3 Ω
Ukumelana 3 (R3 ) = 4 Ω
Umthombo we-emf 1 (E 1 ) = 8 Volts
Umthombo we-emf 2 (E 2 ) = 10 Volts
Umbuzo: Umehluko ongaba khona (V) phakathi kwamaphuzu A no-B
Impendulo:
Bala ugesi (I) ogeleza nge-resistor engu-3 Ω
Okokuqala bala ugesi ogeleza kusekethe:
Ekuxazululeni le nkinga, kukhethwa indlela yamanje ukuthi ihambisane newashi.
– E 1 – IR 1 – IR 2 – E 2 – IR 3 = 0
– 8 – Mina (2) – Mina (3) – 10 – Mina (4) = 0
– 18 – 9 I = 0
– 18 = 9 I
I = -18 / 9
I = – 2 Ampere
Ugesi ogeleza kusekethe ungama-Ampere ama-2. Ugesi ongemuhle ubonisa ukuthi isiqondiso sogesi siphambene newashi, hhayi njengoba bekulindelekile.
Isekethe ihlelwe ngokulandelana ukuze ugesi ogeleza kusekethe = ugesi ogeleza ku-3 Ω resistance = 2 Amperes.
Bala umehluko ongaba khona (V) kulo lonke i-resistor engu-3 Ω
V = IR 2 = (2 A)(3 Ω) = 6 Volts
Impendulo efanele ngu-C.
Umthombo Wemibuzo:
Imibuzo Yefiziksi Yezivivinyo Zikazwelonke Zesikole Samabanga Aphezulu/Isikole Samabanga Aphezulu Sokufundela Umsebenzi
