Isibonelo somthetho wesibili kaKirchhoff

Izibonelo ezi-5 zoMthetho Wesibili kaKirchhoff

Funda futhi ngezinto eziphathelene noMthetho kaKirchhoff kanye nengxoxo ngemibuzo yoMthetho kaKirchhoff.

1. Isekethe kagesi inezithiyo ezine, ngayinye i-R ₁ = 6 Ohm, i-R ₂ = 6 Ohm, i-R ₃ = 9 Ohm kanye ne-R ₄ = 3 Ohm exhunywe ne-E ₁ = 6 Volt, i-E ₂ = 12 Volt njengoba kuboniswe esithombeni esilandelayo. Ukugeleza kwamandla kagesi….

A. 1/5 A
B. 2/5 A
C. 3/5 A
D. 4/5 A
E. 1 A

Ingxoxo

Kuyaziwa ukuthi:
Isivikelo 1 (R)₁) = 6 Ω
Isivikelo 2 (R)₂) = 6 Ω
Isivikelo 3 (R)₃) = 9 Ω
Isivikelo 4 (R)₄) = 3 Ω
Umthombo we-emf 1 (E)₁) = 6 Volt
Umthombo we-emf 2 (E)₂) = 12 Volt
Kubuziwe: Umsinga ogeleza kusekethe (I)
Impendulo:

Isivikelo 1 (R)₁) kanye ne-resistor 2 (R₂) ixhunywe ngokulingana. I-resistor yokufaka esikhundleni yile:
1 / R₁₂ = 1/R₁ +1/R₂ = 1/6 + 1/6 = 2/6
R₁₂ = 6/2 = 3 Ω

Izinyathelo zokuxazulula le nkinga:

Okokuqala , khetha indlela yamanje oyithandayo. Ungakhetha ngokuphambene newashi noma ngokuphambene newashi.

Okwesibili , lapho ugesi udlula ku-resistor noma i-resistor (R), kuba nokwehla kwamandla okwenza i-V = IR ibe negative.

Okwesithathu , uma ugesi usuka emazingeni aphansi uye emazingeni aphezulu (- kuya ku-+) khona-ke umthombo we-emf (E) umakwe njengomuhle ngoba kukhona ukugcwaliswa kwamandla emthonjeni we-emf. Uma ugesi usuka emazingeni aphezulu uye emazingeni aphansi (+ kuya ku--) khona-ke umthombo we-emf (E) umakwe njengomuhle ngoba kukhona ukukhishwa kwamandla emthonjeni we-emf.

Ekuxazululeni le nkinga, kukhethwa indlela yamanje ukuthi ihambisane newashi.

- I-IR₁₂ - E₁ – i-IR₃ – i-IR₄ +E₂ = 0
– 3I – 6 – 9I – 3I + 12 = 0
– 3I – 9I – 3I = 6 – 12
– 15I = – 6
I = -6 /-15
I = 2/5 Ampere

2. Bheka isithombe sokuhlelwa kwe-resistor ngezansi! Ubukhulu bomsinga odlula ku-R ₃ …

Ingxoxo

Kuyaziwa:

R ₁ = 4 Ω

R2 = ₄ Ω

R3 = ₈ Ω

Kubuziwe: I ₃

Impendulo:

Isiqondiso sogesi kusekethe kagesi engenhla sifana nesiqondiso sezandla zewashi, kusukela kumandla aphezulu kuya kumandla aphansi.

Okokuqala , bala i-resistor yokufaka esikhundleni (R). Ngemuva kwalokho, bala ugesi usebenzisa umthetho we-Ohm : I = V / R

Isithambisi sokufaka esikhundleni:
Bala i-resistor yokufaka esikhundleni kwisekethe engenhla.
Umphikisi R₁ kanye ne-resistor R₂ ihlelwe ngokulingana. I-resistor yokufaka esikhundleni yile:
1 / R₁₂ = 1/R₁ +1/R₂ = 1/4 + 1/4 = 2/4
R₁₂ = 4/2 = 2 Ω
Umphikisi R₁₂ kanye ne-resistor R₃ ihlelwe ngokulandelana. I-resistor yokufaka esikhundleni yile:
R = R₁₂ + R₃ = 2 + 8 = 10 Ω
Ugesi ophuma ebhethri :
I = V / R = 40 / 10 = 4 Ampere

Umthetho Wokuqala KaKirchhoff ithi inani lamandla kagesi angena egatsheni lifana nenani lamandla kagesi aphuma kulelo gatsha. Ngokusekelwe emthethweni wokuqala kaKirchhoff, kuphethwa ngokuthi uma ugesi ophuma ebhethri ungama-Ampere angu-4, khona-ke ugesi odlula ku-ab ufana nama-Ampere angu-4, ngokufanayo nogesi odlula ku-bc ungama-Ampere angu-4.

3. Bheka isekethe kagesi esithombeni esingezansi. Bala u-I ₁ , u-I ₂ no-I ₃.

Ingxoxo

Ugesi usuka ku-high potential uye ku-low potential; ugesi usuka ku-positive terminal uye ku-negative terminal. Ngakho-ke, izikhombisi-ndlela zogesi I ₁ kanye no-I ₂ zikhethwa njengoba kuboniswe esithombeni, kuyilapho isiqondiso sogesi I ₃ sikhethwa ngokungahleliwe.

Okokuqala , sebenzisa umthetho wokuqala kaKirchhoff endaweni yegatsha.

I ₃ = I ₁ + I ₂ ……. isibalo 1

Okwesibili , sebenzisa umthetho wesibili kaKirchhoff ku-loop 1 (left loop)

32 – 4 I ₁ – 10 I ₃ = 0

8 – I ₁ – 2,5 I ₃ = 0

……. isibalo 2

Okwesithathu , sebenzisa umthetho wesibili kaKirchhoff ku-loop 2 (i-loop yangakwesokudla)

15 – 5 I ₂ – 10 I ₃ = 0

3 – I ₂ – 2 I ₃ = 0

……. isibalo 3

Faka izilinganiso 2 no-3 ku-equation 1:

Uphawu olunegethivu lusho ukuthi isiqondiso sika-I ₂ siphambene nesiqondiso esikhethwe ngenhla.

4. Isekethe kagesi inezithiyo ezine, ngayinye ino-R₁ = 12 Ohm, R₂ = 12 Ohm, R₃ = 3 Ohm kanye no-R₄ = 6 Ohm exhunywe ne-E₁ = Ama-volt angu-6, E₂ = Ama-volts ayi-12 njengoba kuboniswe esithombeni esilandelayo. Ugesi ogelezayo u….

A. 1/5 A
B. 2/5 A
C. 3/5 A
D. 4/5 A
E. 1 A

Ingxoxo
Kuyaziwa ukuthi:
Isivikelo 1 (R)₁) = 12 Ω
Isivikelo 2 (R)₂) = 12 Ω
Isivikelo 3 (R)₃) = 3 Ω
Isivikelo 4 (R)₄) = 6 Ω
Umthombo we-emf 1 (E)₁) = 6 Volt
Umthombo we-emf 2 (E)₂) = 12 Volt
Okufunwayo: Amandla kagesi ogeleza kusekethe (I)
Impendulo:

Le nkinga ihlobene nomthetho kaKirchhooff. Izinyathelo nendlela yokuxazulula le nkinga:
Okokuqala, khetha indlela yamanje oyithandayo. Ungakhetha ngokuphambene newashi noma ngokuphambene newashi.
Okwesibili, lapho ugesi udlula ku-resistor noma i-resistor (R) kuba nokwehla kwamandla okwenza ukuthi i-V = IR ibe negative.
Okwesithathu, uma ugesi usuka emazingeni aphansi uye emazingeni aphezulu (- kuya ku-+) khona-ke umthombo we-emf (E) umakwe njengomuhle ngoba kukhona ukugcwaliswa kwamandla emthonjeni we-emf. Uma ugesi usuka emazingeni aphezulu uye emazingeni aphansi (+ kuya ku--) khona-ke umthombo we-emf (E) umakwe njengomuhle ngoba kukhona ukukhishwa kwamandla emthonjeni we-emf.

Isivikelo 1 (R)₁) kanye ne-resistor 2 (R₂) ixhunywe ngokulingana. I-resistor yokufaka esikhundleni yile:
1 / R₁₂ = 1/R₁ +1/R₂ = 1/12 + 1/12 = 2/12
R₁₂ = 12/2 = 6 Ω

Ekuxazululeni le nkinga, kukhethwa indlela yamanje ukuthi ihambisane newashi.
– i-IR₁₂ - E₁ – i-IR₃ – i-IR₄ +E₂ = 0
– 6 I – 6 – 3I – 6I + 12 = 0
– 6I – 3I – 6I = 6 -12
– 15I = – 6
I = -6/-15
I = 2/5 Ampere

Ugesi ogeleza kusekethe ungama-2/5 Ampere. Ugesi omuhle ubonisa ukuthi isiqondiso sogesi sinjengoba kulindelekile, ngokwewashi.
Impendulo efanele ingu-B.

5. Bheka isekethe kagesi elandelayo! Ubukhulu bomsinga kagesi (I) ogeleza kusekethe bungu….

A. 0,1 A
B. 0,2 A
C. 0,5 A
D. 1,0 A
E. 5,0 A

Ingxoxo
Kuyaziwa ukuthi:
Isivikelo 1 (R)₁) = 10 Ω
Isivikelo 2 (R)₂) = 6 Ω
Isivikelo 3 (R)₃) = 5 Ω
Isivikelo 4 (R)₄) = 20 Ω
Umthombo we-emf 1 (E)₁) = 8 Volt
Umthombo we-emf 2 (E)₂) = 12 Volt
Okufunwayo: Amandla kagesi ogeleza kusekethe (I)
Impendulo:
Isivikelo 3 (R)₃) kanye ne-resistor 4 (R₄) ixhunywe ngokulingana. I-resistor yokufaka esikhundleni yile:
1 / R₃₄ = 1/R₃ +1/R₄ = 1/5 + 1/20 = 4/20 + 1/20 = 5/20
R₃₄ = 20/5 = 4 Ω

Ekuxazululeni le nkinga, kukhethwa indlela yamanje ukuthi ihambisane newashi.
– i-IR₁ – i-IR₂ - E₁ – i-IR₃₄ +E₂ = 0
– 10I – 6I – 8 – 4I + 12 = 0
– 10I – 6I – 4I = 8 – 12
– 20I = – 4
I = -4/-20
I = 1/5 Ampere
I = 0,2 Ampere
Ugesi ogeleza kusekethe ungama-1/5 Ampere. Ugesi omuhle ubonisa ukuthi isiqondiso sogesi sinjengoba kulindelekile, ngokwewashi.
Impendulo efanele ingu-B.