Imibuzo Yesibonelo Samaza Omsindo

Izibonelo eziyi-16 zemibuzo ye-Sound Wave

1. Umbukeli emjahweni wezimoto uzwa imisindo ehlukene (ukuduma kwezimoto) njengoba izimoto zisondela futhi zihlehla. Imoto yomjaho evamile ikhipha umsindo ku-800 Hz. Uma ijubane lomsindo emoyeni lingu-340 m/s,^-1 futhi isivinini semoto singama-ms angu-20^-1, bese kuba nemvamisa ezwakalayo lapho imoto isondela….
I-A. 805 Hz

B. 810 Hz

C. 815 Hz

D. 850 Hz

I-E. 875 Hz

Ingxoxo

Kuyaziwa ukuthi:

v _s = -20 m/s (i-negative ngoba imoto isuka kude nomlaleli)

v _p = 0 (umlaleli uthule ngoba ubukele)

f = 800 hz

v = 340 m/s

Ubuziwe: Umsindo uwuzwa kangaki?

Impendulo:

Impendulo efanele ngu-D.

2. Umuntu uhamba ngesivinini esingu-10 m/s ⁻¹ eya emthonjeni womsindo ongashintshi onemvamisa engu-680 Hz. Ngemva kokufika emthonjeni womsindo, umuntu uhamba esuka emthonjeni womsindo ngesivinini esifanayo. Uma isivinini somthombo womsindo emoyeni singama-340 m/s ⁻¹ , khona-ke isilinganiso samaza amabili azwakalayo lapho uhambela emthonjeni kuya lapho uhambela kude nomthombo...

A. 33/34

B. 33/35

C. 34/35

D. 35/33

E. 35/34

Ingxoxo

Kuyaziwa ukuthi:

v = 340 m/s

v _p = 10 m/s

v _s = 0

f = 680 hz

Umbuzo: Iyini isilinganiso sokuphindaphinda komsindo lapho umlaleli esondela emthonjeni lapho umlaleli esuka emthonjeni?

Impendulo:

Umlaleli uyasuka emthonjeni:

Ukuqhathaniswa kwamafrikhwensi azwiwe:

700 : 660 = 70 : 66 = 35 : 33

Impendulo efanele ngu-D.

3. Isitimela esihamba ngesivinini esingamakhilomitha angu-72/h sisondela endaweni yokuwela isitimela ngenkathi sishaya ikhwela ngemvamisa engu-1600 Hz. Uma isivinini somsindo emoyeni singama-340 ms-1, khona-ke imvamisa yekhwela ezwakala yi-train crossing guard ithi ….

I-A. 3600 Hz

B. 3400 Hz

C. 1800 Hz

D. 1700Hz

I-E. 1400Hz

Ingxoxo

Kuyaziwa ukuthi:

Isivinini somthombo womsindo (vs _s ) = 72 km/h = 20 m/s (uma kuqhathaniswa nendawo eqhuba umsindo)

Imvamisa yomthombo womsindo (f) = 1600 Hz

Isivinini somsindo emoyeni (v) = 340 m/s

Ijubane lomlaleli (v _p ) = 0 (zero ngoba umlaleli akahambi)

Kubuziwe: imvamisa yomsindo ezwiwa ngunogada (f')?

Impendulo:

Impendulo efanele ngu-D.

4. Iloli lomlilo lihamba ngesivinini esingu-20 ms ^-1 ngenkathi likhala i-siren yalo ngesivinini esingu-400 Hz (isivinini somsindo emoyeni singama-300 ms ^-1 ). Uma iloli lomlilo lisuka kumuntu omi eceleni komgwaqo, umuntu uzozwa i-siren ngesivinini esingu-….

I-A. 375 Hz

B. 575 Hz

C. 600 Hz

D. 620 Hz

I-E. 725 Hz

Ingxoxo

Kuyaziwa ukuthi:

v _s = 20 m/s (kuhle ngoba imoto iyasuka kumlaleli)

v _p = 0 (umlaleli othule eceleni komgwaqo)

f = 400 hz

v = 300 m/s

Ubuziwe: Uzwa umsindo ongakanani?

Impendulo:

Impendulo efanele ngu-A.

5. Isipikha esisuka embhoshongweni wokuxwayisa sikhipha umsindo ngesivinini esingu-670 Hz. Imoto isondela embhoshongweni ngesivinini esingu-90 km/h. Uma isivinini somsindo emoyeni ngaleso sikhathi singama-335 m/s, khona-ke imvamisa yomsindo ovela esipikha esizwakala ngumshayeli wemoto…

A. 900 Hz

B. 840 Hz

C. 800 Hz

D. 750 Hz

I-E. 720 Hz

Ingxoxo

Kuyaziwa ukuthi:

f = 670 hz

v _s = 0 (umbhoshongo uphumule)

v _p = 90 km/h = 25 m/s (kuhle ngoba umlaleli usondela emthonjeni womsindo)

v = 335 m/s

Umbuzo: Umsindo ozwakala kangaki kumshayeli (f')?

Impendulo:

Impendulo efanele ngu-E.

6. UDini ubesesitimeleni esimisiwe u-A. Esinye isitimela (B) siya ku-A ngesivinini esingu-2 ms^-1 ngenkathi ushaya ikhwela ngemvamisa engu-676 Hz. Uma ijubane lomsindo emoyeni lingu-340 ms^-1, bese kuba ukuvama kwekhwela lesitimela B uDini akuzwayo kwakuyi….
I-A. 680 Hz

B. 676 Hz

C. 660 Hz

D. 656 Hz

I-E. 640 Hz

Ingxoxo

Kuyaziwa ukuthi:

v _s = -2 m/s (isitimela esingesihle B sisondela kuDini bese siqeqesha u-A

v _p = 0 (UDini usesitimeleni esimisiwe)

f = 676 hz

v = 340 m/s

Kubuziwe: UDini wezwa kangaki isitimela B?

Impendulo:

Impendulo efanele ngu-A.

7. Umdlali webhola ugijima ngesivinini se-v _p ebheke kumpempe omile ngenkathi eshaya ikhwela ngesivinini se-f _s . Uma isivinini somoya kuleyo ndawo singu-v, khona-ke imvamisa ezwiwa ngumdlali ihlelwe njenge….

Ingxoxo

Kuyaziwa ukuthi :

v _s = 0 (umphenyi uthule)

v _p = v _p (enhle ngoba isondela emthonjeni womsindo)

f = _fs

v=v

Umbuzo : Iyini ifomula yemvamisa ezwiwa abadlali bebhola?

Impendulo :

Impendulo efanele ngu-A.

8. I-Ambulance A ihamba ngesivinini esingu-0,25 v ngemuva kwe-sedan B ehamba ngesivinini esingu-0,2 v ohlangothini olufanayo no-A. Ngaleso sikhathi, i-ambulensi A ikhala i-siren yayo ku-1.000 Hz. Uma isivinini somsindo singu-v, imvamisa ezwakala ngumshayeli we-sedan B…

I-A. 1.500 Hz

B. 1.250 Hz

C. 1.111 Hz

D. 1.067 Hz

I-E. 1.000 Hz

Ingxoxo

Kuyaziwa ukuthi :

Imvamisa yomthombo womsindo (f) = 1.000 Hz

Isivinini somthombo womsindo (vs _s ) = -0,25 v (uma kuqhathaniswa ne-medium ethwala umsindo)

Isivinini somsindo (v) = v

Isivinini somlaleli (v _p ) = -0,2 v (uma kuqhathaniswa ne-medium ethwala umsindo)

Okufunwayo : Ukuvama komsindo ozwiwa ngumlaleli (f')

Impendulo :

Ifomula yomphumela we-Doppler:

Impendulo efanele ngu-D.

9. Umthombo womsindo onemvamisa engu-640 Hz uhambela kumbukeli ngesivinini esingu-20 m/s. Uma isivinini somsindo emoyeni singama-340 m/s futhi umbukeli eqhela kumthombo womsindo ngesivinini esingu-10 m/s, khona-ke imvamisa yomsindo ozwiwa mbukeli…

I-A. 600 Hz

B. 660 Hz

C. 900 Hz

D. 980 Hz

I-E. 1300 Hz

Ingxoxo

Kuyaziwa ukuthi :

Imvamisa yomthombo womsindo (f) = 640 Hz

Isivinini somthombo womsindo (vs _s ) = -20 m/s (uma kuqhathaniswa nomoya njengendawo eqhuba umsindo)

Isivinini somsindo (v) = 340 m/s (uma kuqhathaniswa nomoya njengendlela yokudlulisa umsindo)

Isivinini somlaleli (v _p ) = -10 m/s (uma kuqhathaniswa nomoya njengendlela yokudlulisa umsindo)

Okufunwayo : Ukuvama komsindo ozwiwa ngumlaleli (f')

Impendulo :

Impendulo efanele ingu-B.

10. Umthombo womsindo uhamba ngesivinini esingama-60 m/s ushiya umbukeli ngemuva kwawo ehamba ngendlela efanayo nomthombo womsindo ngesivinini esingama-10 m/s. Uma isivinini somsindo emoyeni singama-340 m/s kanti imvamisa yomthombo womsindo ingu-800 Hz, khona-ke imvamisa yomsindo ozwiwa umbukeli…

I-A. 700 Hz

B. 800 Hz

C. 940 Hz

D. 960 Hz

I-E. 1.120 Hz

Ingxoxo

Kuyaziwa ukuthi :

Imvamisa yomthombo womsindo (f) = 800 Hz

Isivinini somthombo womsindo (vs _s ) = 60 m/s (uma kuqhathaniswa nomoya njengendawo eqhuba umsindo)

Isivinini somsindo (v) = 340 m/s (uma kuqhathaniswa nomoya njengendlela yokudlulisa umsindo)

Isivinini somlaleli (v _p ) = 10 m/s (uma kuqhathaniswa nomoya njengendlela yokudlulisa umsindo)

Okufunwayo : Ukuvama komsindo ozwiwa ngumlaleli (f')

Impendulo :

Impendulo efanele ngu-A.

Ukuqina Komsindo

11. Ukuqina komsindo endaweni ethi P, engamamitha amathathu ukusuka emthonjeni womsindo, kungu-10 ^-4 watt/m2 ^. Iphuzu R lingamamitha angu-300 ukusuka emthonjeni womsindo. Uma ukuqina komkhawulo I ₀ = 10 ^-12 watt/m2 ^, khona-ke isilinganiso samazinga okuqina emaphuzwini P kanye no-R…

A. 1: 2

B. 2: 1

C. 2: 3

D. 2: 4

Isahluko 3: 4

Ingxoxo

Kuyaziwa ukuthi :

Ukuqina komsindo endaweni ethi P (IP ₎ = 10 ^-4 W/m ²

Ibanga lephuzu P ukusuka emthonjeni womsindo (r _P ) = amamitha angu-3

Ibanga lephuzu R ukusuka emthonjeni womsindo (r _R ) = amamitha ayi-300

Ukuqina komkhawulo (Io ₎ = 10 ^-12 Watt/ ^m2

Umbuzo : Ukuqhathaniswa kwamazinga okuqina kumaphuzu P no-R (TI _P : TI _R )

Impendulo :

Ifomula yobudlelwano phakathi kokuqina kanye nebanga :

I _pr p ₂ = ^I _R r _R ²

Ukuqina komsindo ku-R :

(10 ^-4 )(3 ² ) = (I _R )(300 ² )

(10 ^-4 )(9) = (I _R )(90000)

9 x 10 ^-4 = (I _R )(9 x 10 ⁴ )

I-IR ₌ 9 x 10 ^-4 : 9 x 10 ^-4

I-IR ₌ 10 ^-8

Ubukhulu bomsindo endaweni R buyi-10 ^-8 W/ ^m2.

Ukuqhathaniswa kwe-TI kumaphuzu P kanye no-R :

80 dB: 40 dB

2: 1

Impendulo efanele ingu-B.

12. Ukuqina komsindo endaweni A, okuyimitha eli-1 ukusuka emthonjeni womsindo, kungu-10 ^-7 W/m ² . Iphuzu B lingamamitha ayi-100 ukusuka emthonjeni womsindo. Uma ukuqina komkhawulo kungu-10 ^-12 W/m ² , isilinganiso samazinga okuqina ku-A naku-B singu…

A. 5: 3

B. 5: 1

C. 4: 5

D. 4: 3

Isahluko 3: 1

Ingxoxo

Kuyaziwa ukuthi :

Ukuqina komsindo endaweni A (IA ₎ = 10 ^-7 W/m ²

Ibanga lephuzu A ukusuka emthonjeni womsindo (r _A ) = amamitha angu-1

Ibanga lephuzu B ukusuka emthonjeni womsindo (r _R ) = amamitha ayi-100

Ukuqina komkhawulo (Io ₎ = 10 ^-12 Watt/ ^m2

Umbuzo : Ukuqhathaniswa kwamazinga okuqina kumaphuzu A no-B (TI _A : TI _B )

Impendulo :

Ifomula yobudlelwano phakathi kokuqina kanye nebanga :

I _A r _A ² = I _B r _B ²

Ukuqina komsindo endaweni B :

(10 ^-7 )(1 ² ) = (I _B )(100 ² )

(10 ^-7 )(1) = (I _B )(10.000)

1 x 10 ^-7 = (I _B )(1 x 10 ⁴ )

I _B = 10 ^-7 : 10 ⁴

I _B = 10 ^-11

Ubukhulu bomsindo endaweni R buyi-10 ^-11 W/ ^m2.

Ukuqhathaniswa kwe-IT kumaphuzu A no-B :

50 dB: 10 dB

5: 1

Impendulo efanele ingu-B.

13. Amaphuzu A no-B anebanga elingama-800 m kanye nama-400 m ngokulandelana ukusuka emthonjeni womsindo. Uma endaweni A uzwa umsindo onamandla angu-10 ^-3 W/m ² , khona-ke isilinganiso samazinga okuqina kumaphuzu A no-B... (log 2 = 0,3 kanye no-I _o = 10 ^-12 W/m ² )

A. 11: 15

B. 15: 11

C. 15: 16

D. 16: 11

Isahluko 16: 15

Ingxoxo

Kuyaziwa ukuthi :

Ukuqina komsindo endaweni A (IA ₎ = 10 ^-3 W/m ²

Ibanga lephuzu A ukusuka emthonjeni womsindo (r _A ) = amamitha angu-800

Ibanga lephuzu B ukusuka emthonjeni womsindo (r _B ) = amamitha angu-400

Ukuqina komkhawulo (Io ₎ = 10 ^-12 Watt/ ^m2

Ilogi 2 = 0,3

Umbuzo : Ukuqhathaniswa kwamazinga okuqina kumaphuzu A no-B (TI _A : TI _B )

Impendulo :

Ifomula yobudlelwano phakathi kokuqina kanye nebanga :

I _A r _A ² = I _B r _B ²

Ukuqina komsindo endaweni B :

(10 ^-3 )(800 ² ) = (I _B )(400 ² )

(10 ^-3 )(640.000) = (I _B )(160.000)

(10 ^-3 )(64) = (I _B )(16)

(10 ^-3 )(4) = (I _B )(1)

I _B = 4 x 10 ^-3 : 1

I _B = 4 x 10 ^-3

Ubukhulu bomsindo endaweni B bungu-4 x 10 ^-3 W/ ^m2.

Isilinganiso se-TI kumaphoyinti P kanye no-R yilesi:

90 dB: 96 dB

15: 16

Impendulo efanele ngu-C.

Amazinga okuqina nomsindo

14. Ithebula lamazinga okuqina komthombo ngamunye womsindo.

Umthombo womsindo	Izinga Lokuqina Komsindo (TI)
Umsindo wezinyoni zicula	I-80 dB
I-siren ye-ambulensi	I-100 dB
Ukuduma (umbani)	I-160 dB

Injini yemoto ikhiqiza izinga lomsindo we-TI = 70 dB (Io ₌ 10 ⁻¹² Watt m ⁻² ). Ukuze umsindo wenjini ukhiqize izinga lomsindo olingana nomsindo we-ambulensi siren, inani lezinjini zemoto elidingekayo….

Umshini we-A. 20.00
Umshini we-B. 30.00
Imishini engu-C. 100.0
D. Imishini eyi-1.000
Imishini engu-E. 3.000

Ingxoxo
I-Diketahui :
I-TI yemoto = 70 dB
I-Ambulance TI = 100 dB
I_o = 10^-12 I-Watt/m²
Kubuziwe : Zingaki izinjini zemoto okufanele i-IT yemoto ilingane ne-IT ye-ambulensi?
Jawab :

I-Ambulance TI = imoto TI + 10 log x
100 = 70 + 10 ilogi x
100 – 70 = 10 ilogi x
30 = 10 ilogi x
30/10 = ilogi x
3 = ilogi x
I-Antilog 3 = x
10³ =x
1000 = x
Impendulo efanele ngu-D.

15. Umthombo womsindo unezinga lokuqina elingu-60 dB (Io ₌ 10 ^{– 12} watts m ^–2 ). Uma imithombo eyi-100 yomsindo ofanayo izwakala ngesikhathi esisodwa, izinga lokuqina komsindo eliphumayo...

A. 62 dB
B. 80 dB
C. 82 dB
D. 100 dB
E. 160 dB

Ingxoxo
I-Diketahui :
I-TI = 60 dB
I_o = 10^-12 W / m²
x = i-100
Kubuziwe : Umthombo womsindo we-TI 100?
Jawab :
Imithombo yomsindo ye-TI 100 = umshini we-TI 1 + ilogi engu-10 x
I-TI = 60 + 10 ilogi 100
I-TI = 60 + 10 ilogi 10²
I-TI = 60 + (2)(10)(ilogi 10)
I-TI = 60 + 20
I-TI = 80 dB
Impendulo efanele ingu-B.

Umphumela we-Doppler
16. Umdlali webhola ugijima ngesivinini esikhulu v_p kubheke kumpempe owayethule ngenkathi eshaya ikhwela ngesivinini se-f_sUma isivinini somoya kuleyo ndawo singu-v, khona-ke imvamisa ezwiwa ngumdlali ihlelwe njenge….

Ingxoxo
I-Diketahui :
v_s = 0 (umphenyi akakhulumi)
v_p =v_p (kuhle ngoba kuseduze nomthombo womsindo)
f = f_s
v=v
Kubuziwe : iyini ifomula yemvamisa ezwiwa ngabadlali bebhola?
Jawab :

Impendulo efanele ngu-A.

Umthombo wombuzo:

Imibuzo Yefiziksi Yezivivinyo Zikazwelonke Zesikole Samabanga Aphezulu/Isikole Samabanga Aphezulu Sokufundela Umsebenzi