Ubuningi obutholiwe inani elibonakalayo elithathwe kokukodwa noma ngaphezulu inani eliyinhloko. Ngaphandle kwamanani ayisisekelo ayisikhombisa, amanye amanani angokoqobo afaka phakathi amanani atholakalayo.
Ithebula lobuningi, amafomula namayunithi
Indawo itholakala ngobuningi obubili bobude: ubude nobubanzi. Umthamo utholakala ngobuningi obuthathu bobude: ubude, ububanzi, nokuphakama. Isivinini sitholakala ngobuningi obubodwa bobude (ibanga) kanye nenani elilodwa lesikhathi. Ukusheshisa kutholakala ngobuningi obubodwa bobude (ibanga) kanye nenani elibodwa lesikhathi. Ubuningi butholakala ngobuningi obubodwa bobunzima kanye nenani elibodwa lobude. Amandla atholakala ngobuningi obubodwa bobunzima, inani elilodwa lobude, kanye nenani elibodwa lesikhathi.
Kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuthi nakuba amagama asetshenzisiwe ehluka, ubude, ububanzi, ukuphakama, kanye nebanga konke kuyingxenye yenani elifanayo: ubude. Ukuze kulinganiswe ubude, ububanzi, ukuphakama, kanye nebanga, kusetshenziswa ithuluzi lokulinganisa, njengenduku yemitha, irula, noma elinye ithuluzi lokulinganisa.
Ithebula lamanani atholakalayo, izimpawu, amayunithi kanye nobukhulu
