Umehluko Phakathi Kwamabhethri E-Lithium Namabhethri E-NiMH
Amabhethri ayisici esibalulekile kumadivayisi amaningi kagesi esiwasebenzisa nsuku zonke, kusukela kumaselula nama-laptop kuya ezimotweni zikagesi. Izinhlobo ezimbili ezivamile zamabhethri amabhethri e-lithium kanye ne-nickel-metal hydride (NiMH). Nakuba womabili esebenza njengesitoreji samandla, anezici ezihlukile, izinzuzo, kanye nokungalungi. Lesi sihloko sizohlola umehluko oyinhloko phakathi kwamabhethri e-lithium kanye ne-NiMH, sichaze izici ezifana nomthamo, isisindo, isikhathi sokuphila, intengo, kanye nezinhlelo zokusebenza.
Ukwakheka kanye nesimiso sokusebenza
Ibhethri le-Lithium
Amabhethri e-lithium asebenzisa i-lithium njengento yawo eyinhloko ye-electrode. Izinhlobo ezaziwa kakhulu amabhethri e-lithium-ion (Li-ion) kanye ne-lithium-polymer (Li-Po). Kumabhethri e-Li-ion, ama-ion e-lithium asuka ku-electrode engemihle (anode) aye ku-electrode engemihle (cathode) nge-electrolyte ngesikhathi sokukhishwa, kanye nokuphikisana nalokho ngesikhathi sokushaja kabusha.
Ibhethri le-NiMH
Amabhethri e-NiMH asebenzisa i-nickel hydroxide njenge-cathode kanye ne-alloy yensimbi njenge-anode. Isici esiyinhloko ekusabeleni kwamakhemikhali ngaphakathi kwamabhethri e-NiMH ama-ion e-hydrogen (H+), avumela ukuthi agcine futhi akhulule amandla.
Amandla kanye nobuningi bamandla
Ibhethri le-Lithium
Amabhethri e-Lithium aziwa ngobuningi bawo bamandla aphezulu. Ngokuvamile, amabhethri e-Li-ion anobukhulu bamandla obungaba amahora angu-150-200 watt ngekhilogramu (Wh/kg). Lokhu kusho ukuthi amabhethri e-lithium angagcina amandla amaningi ngesisindo seyunithi kunebhethri le-NiMH. Lokhu buningi bamandla aphezulu kwenza amabhethri e-lithium abe ukukhetha okuhle kwamadivayisi adinga amandla aphezulu ngobukhulu obuncane, njengama-smartphone nama-laptop.
Ibhethri le-NiMH
Ubuningi bamandla bamabhethri e-NiMH buvame ukuba ngu-60–120 Wh/kg, okungaphansi kunokwamabhethri e-lithium. Naphezu kwalokhu buningi bamandla obuphansi, amabhethri e-NiMH anenzuzo yokukwazi ukumelana nemijikelezo eminingi yokushaja nokukhipha amandla kunamabhethri e-lithium—isici esizoxoxa ngaso kamuva.
Isisindo kanye nosayizi
Ngenxa yokuthi amabhethri e-lithium anomthamo omkhulu wamandla, ngokuvamile alula futhi mancane kunamabhethri e-NiMH anomthamo ofanayo. Lokhu kuyinzuzo ebalulekile kumadivayisi aphathekayo adinga usayizi nesisindo esincane. Isibonelo, esimweni sezimoto zikagesi, ukusetshenziswa kwamabhethri e-lithium kunganciphisa isisindo semoto iyonke, okubuye kwandise ukusebenza kahle kanye nobubanzi.
Isikhathi Sokuphila kanye Nemijikelezo Yokushaja
Ibhethri le-Lithium
Amabhethri e-lithium avame ukuba nesikhathi sokuphila esifushane kunebhethri le-NiMH, kanti inani lemijikelezo yokushaja livame ukusuka ku-300 kuya ku-500. Kodwa-ke, lokhu kuncike nasezicini ezifana nokushisa kokusebenza kanye nendlela ibhethri eligcinwa ngayo. Amabhethri e-lithium nawo asengozini yento eyaziwa ngokuthi "i-thermal runaway," lapho ibhethri lingashisa kakhulu futhi libangele nomlilo uma lingagcinwanga kahle.
Ibhethri le-NiMH
Okwamanje, amabhethri e-NiMH anempilo engcono yomjikelezo wokushaja, avame ukufinyelela imijikelezo engu-500 kuya ku-1000 noma ngaphezulu. Amabhethri e-NiMH nawo avame ukumelana kakhulu nokukhishwa okungazelelwe kanye nokushisa okuphezulu. Kodwa-ke, isimo esaziwa ngokuthi "umphumela wememori" singavela, lapho amandla ebhethri ehla khona uma engashajwanga futhi esetshenziswa ngendlela ethile. Lokhu kungenzeka kakhulu ngamabhethri e-NiMH kunangamabhethri e-lithium.
Ukusebenza Kahle Kokushaja Nesivinini
Ibhethri le-Lithium
Amabhethri e-lithium ngokuvamile asebenza kahle kakhulu maqondana nesikhathi sokushaja. Kuye ngobuchwepheshe kanye nemininingwane, amabhethri amaningi e-lithium angashajwa abe ngu-80% womthamo esikhathini esingaphansi kwehora ngeshaja esheshayo. Leli khono lenza amabhethri e-lithium abe usizo kakhulu ezinhlelweni zokusebenza ezidinga ukushaja okusheshayo, njengama-smartphone namanye amadivayisi aphathekayo.
Ibhethri le-NiMH
Amabhethri e-NiMH ngokuvamile adinga izikhathi zokushaja ezinde. Ukushaja okugcwele kungathatha amahora amaningana, kuye ngokuthi amandla kanye nohlobo lweshaja esetshenziswayo angakanani. Kodwa-ke, amabhethri e-NiMH avame ukushaja ngokuphepha ngaphansi kwezimo ezahlukahlukene, ngisho nasezimweni zokushaja okusheshayo.
Inani Nokutholakala
Ibhethri le-Lithium
Amabhethri e-lithium avame ukubiza kakhulu kunamabhethri e-NiMH, ikakhulukazi ngenxa yezindleko zezinto zokwakha eziphakeme kanye nobuchwepheshe bokukhiqiza obuyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu. Kodwa-ke, ngenxa yesidingo esikhulu samabhethri e-lithium ezinhlelweni ezahlukene zobuchwepheshe obuthuthukisiwe, amanani ebhethri le-lithium ehle kakhulu eminyakeni yamuva nje.
Ibhethri le-NiMH
Amabhethri e-NiMH ngokuvamile ashibhile kunamabhethri e-lithium. Lokhu kuwenza abe ukukhetha okungabizi kakhulu kwezinye izinhlelo zokusebenza, njengezinto zokudlala zezingane, ezinye izinto zikagesi zasekhaya, kanye namanye amadivayisi angadingi amandla amaningi.
Ukuphepha kanye Nemvelo
Ibhethri le-Lithium
Ukuphepha kuyinto ekhathazayo kakhulu uma usebenzisa amabhethri e-lithium. Nakuba kungavamile, kube nezimo lapho amabhethri e-lithium eqhume khona noma abambe umlilo uma engagcinwanga kahle noma engashajwanga. Lokhu kungenxa kakhulu yesimo sokubaleka kokushisa. Ngakho-ke, amadivayisi asebenzisa amabhethri e-lithium ngokuvamile afakwe izindlela ezahlukene zokuphepha.
Ngokwemvelo, amabhethri e-lithium aqukethe amakhemikhali adinga ukuphathwa okukhethekile ngesikhathi sokusetshenziswa kabusha. I-lithium nayo ibhekwa njengensiza elinganiselwe kakhulu kunezinto ezisetshenziswa kumabhethri e-NiMH.
Ibhethri le-NiMH
Amabhethri e-NiMH ngokuvamile abhekwa njengaphephile kunamabhethri e-lithium ngenxa yengozi yawo ephansi yomlilo noma ukuqhuma. Ngaphezu kwalokho, amabhethri e-NiMH kulula ukuwasebenzisa kabusha ngoba izinto zawo azinabo ubuthi obuncane kunamabhethri e-lithium.
Isicelo
Ibhethri le-Lithium
Amabhethri e-lithium asetshenziswa kabanzi kumadivayisi adinga ukusebenza okuphezulu kanye nosayizi omncane, njengama-smartphone, ama-laptop, namathebulethi. Futhi ayisinqumo esiyinhloko sezimoto zikagesi kanye nezinye izinto zikagesi eziphathwayo.
Ibhethri le-NiMH
Amabhethri e-NiMH asetshenziswa kabanzi ezinhlelweni zokusebenza ezidinga imijikelezo eminingi yokushaja nokukhipha futhi lapho ukusebenza kwezindleko kuyisici esibalulekile. Lokhu kufaka phakathi izinto zasekhaya, amathoyizi ezingane, kanye nezinye izinhlobo zezimoto ezihlanganisiwe.
Isiphetho
Zombili izinhlobo zamabhethri, i-lithium ne-NiMH, zinezinzuzo nezinkinga zazo kuye ngezidingo ezithile zohlelo lokusebenza. Amabhethri e-lithium anikeza amandla amaningi, isivinini sokushaja okusheshayo, kanye nesisindo esincane, okwenza afaneleke kakhulu kumadivayisi aphathekayo kanye nezimoto zikagesi. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, amabhethri e-NiMH anikeza impilo engcono yomjikelezo, intengo ephansi, kanye nokuzinza okukhulu ngaphansi kwezimo ezithile, okwenza kube ukukhetha okungabizi kwezinhlelo zokusebenza ezahlukahlukene zansuku zonke.
Ukukhetha phakathi kwamabhethri e-lithium ne-NiMH kufanele kusekelwe ezidingweni zamandla, isabelomali, kanye nokukhathazeka kokuphepha kohlelo lokusebenza oluthile. Ngokuqonda lo mehluko, abathengi nonjiniyela bangenza izinqumo ezinolwazi mayelana nokuthi yiluphi uhlobo lwebhethri olufanelana kahle nezidingo zabo.
