Umehluko phakathi kwe-Astronomy ne-Astrology
Abantu abaningi basahlanganisa isayensi yezinkanyezi kanye nesayensi yezinkanyezi ngoba kokubili kusebenzelana nesibhakabhaka, izinkanyezi, amaplanethi, kanye nezenzakalo ezahlukahlukene zasemkhathini. Kodwa-ke, zinemigomo, izindlela, kanye nezisekelo ezahlukene kakhulu. Isayensi yezinkanyezi iyigatsha lesayensi elifundwa ngokwesayensi, elisekelwe ebufakazini, kanti isayensi yezinkanyezi iyisistimu yokukholelwa noma umkhuba wokuhumusha oxhumanisa izikhundla zezinto zasezulwini nesiphetho somuntu kanye nobuntu bakhe. Lesi sihloko sizoxoxa ngomehluko phakathi kwesayensi yezinkanyezi kanye nesayensi yezinkanyezi ngokucacile, ngokuphelele, futhi okulula ukuyiqonda.
Incazelo ye-Astronomy
I-Astronomy yisayensi efunda izinto zasezulwini kanye nezenzakalo zemvelo, njengezinkanyezi, amaplanethi, izinyanga, imithala, ama-nebulae, ama-comet, ama-asteroid, kanye nemisebe ye-cosmic. Ukugxila okuyinhloko kwe-astronomy ukuqonda ukuthi indawo yonke isebenza kanjani: ukuthi izinto zasezulwini zakha kanjani, zinyakaza kanjani, ziguquka kanjani, futhi zixhumana kanjani ngemithetho ye-physics.
I-Astronomy isebenzisa indlela yesayensi: ukuqaphela, ukulinganisa, ukwakheka kwe-hypothesis, ukuhlola, kanye nokuthuthukiswa kwemibono eqinisekisiwe. Izazi zezinkanyezi zisebenzisa izinsimbi ezifana ne-optical telescopes, i-radio telescopes, ama-satellites, kanye nesofthiwe yokuhlaziya idatha ukuze zithole ulwazi olunembile. Isibonelo, izazi zezinkanyezi zingabala imijikelezo yamaplanethi, zifunde ukwakheka komkhathi weplanethi, noma zifunde iminyaka yenkanyezi ngokusekelwe ku-spectrum yayo yokukhanya.
Ukuqonda Izinkanyezi
I-Astrology uhlelo lokukholelwa oluthi izikhundla zelanga, inyanga, amaplanethi, kanye nezinkanyezi ngezikhathi ezithile—ikakhulukazi ekuzalweni komuntu—zingathonya umlingiswa, imizwa, ubudlelwano, ngisho nemicimbi yokuphila. I-Astrology yaziwa kabanzi ngezibonakaliso ze-zodiac ezifana ne-Aries, i-Taurus, i-Gemini, njalo njalo, kanye nezinkanyezi zansuku zonke noma zamasonto onke ezindabeni ezahlukahlukene.
Ekufundweni kwezinkanyezi, isibhakabhaka siqondwa njenge "mephu yencazelo" engahunyushwa njengezibonakaliso. Izazi zezinkanyezi zivame ukudala i-horoscope noma ishadi lokuzalwa (ishadi lokuzalwa) ngokusekelwe osukwini, isikhathi, nendawo yokuzalwa. Kusukela kuleli shadi, bachaza izici ezithile, njengezindawo zamaplanethi ezindlini zezinkanyezi, ama-engeli phakathi kwamaplanethi, noma ukunyakaza kwamaplanethi (ukuhamba) okukholelwa ukuthi kuthonya isimo somuntu.
Umehluko Enjongweni: Incazelo vs. Ukuhumusha
Umehluko oyinhloko usemgomweni. I-Astronomy ihlose ukuchaza indawo yonke ngendlela eqondile. I-Astronomy ibuza imibuzo efana nokuthi: "Izinkanyezi zakheka kanjani?", "Kungani kwenzeka ukufiphala kwelanga?", noma "Yini ebangela ukwanda kwendawo yonke?" Umgomo wokugcina ukuqonda okungahlolwa futhi kusetshenziswe ekuthuthukisweni kwezinye isayensi, okuhlanganisa nobuchwepheshe.
Okwamanje, i-astrology ihlose ukuhumusha ithonya elingokomfanekiso lezidalwa zasezulwini empilweni yomuntu. Imibuzo imayelana nomuntu siqu: "Buyini ubuntu bami obusekelwe esibonakalisweni sami se-zodiac?", "Ingabe lo nyaka omuhle wokushintsha umsebenzi?", noma "Umlingani wami uhambisana kangakanani?" I-astrology ihlobene kakhulu nemikhuba yamasiko nezinkolelo kunocwaningo lwesayensi.
Umehluko Ezindleleni: Isayensi vs Yendabuko/Echazayo
I-Astronomy incike endleleni yesayensi. Idatha yezinkanyezi inobungako: amabanga ukuya ezinkanyezini alinganiswa ngeminyaka yokukhanya, ubuningi beplanethi bubalwa kusetshenziswa imithetho yamandla adonsela phansi, amazinga okushisa ebusweni bezinkanyezi anqunywa kusukela kuma-spectra okukhanya, njalo njalo. Imiphumela yocwaningo lwezinkanyezi kumele ikopishwe ngabanye abacwaningi besebenzisa amathuluzi nezinqubo ezifanayo. Uma imiphumela ingavumelani, imibono kumele icatshangelwe kabusha.
Ngokuphambene nalokho, i-astrology isebenzisa izindlela zokuhumusha. Ngenkathi izazi zezinkanyezi zisebenzisa nedatha yendawo yangempela yeplanethi (isibonelo, indawo ye-Mars noma i-Venus ngosuku oluthile), isinyathelo esilandelayo ukuhumusha incazelo. Lokhu kuhumusha akunazo izindinganiso zokuhlola eziqinile futhi kuvame ukuhluka phakathi kwamasiko kanye nabasebenza. Lokho okubhekwa "njengethonya" ekufundweni kwezinkanyezi akuqinisekiswa ngokuhlolwa kwesayensi okuboniswa njalo.
Umehluko Oyisisekelo Wesayensi: I-Physics vs. Symbolism
I-Astronomy isekelwe ku-physics, izibalo, kanye ne-chemistry. Ukunyakaza kwezinto zasezulwini kuchazwa yimithetho yamandla adonsela phansi, i-orbital mechanics, i-relativity, kanye namamodeli e-cosmological. Isibonelo, ukusitheka kwelanga kungachazwa ngokunembile ngokubala izikhundla zelanga, inyanga, kanye noMhlaba. I-Astronomy ichaza nokuthi kungani amaplanethi enezinkathi, ukuthi kungani izinkanyezi "ziphila" futhi "zifa," kanye nokuthi imigodi emnyama yakheka kanjani.
Izinkanyezi zisekelwe ezifanekisweni nasemasikweni amasiko. Amaplanethi ekufundweni kwezinkanyezi akuzona nje izinto ezibonakalayo kodwa futhi ayizimpawu. Isibonelo, iMars ivame ukuhlotshaniswa namandla nesibindi, iVenus ngothando nobuhle, kanye neSaturn enesiyalo kanye nemingcele. Lezi zincazelo zizuzwe emikhubeni yasendulo futhi zathuthukiswa yizikole ezahlukahlukene zemicabango, njengezinkanyezi zaseNtshonalanga, izinkanyezi zamaVeda, kanye nezinye izinkambiso.
Umehluko Wezimo Emhlabeni Wezemfundo
I-Astronomy iqashelwa njengomkhakha wesayensi osemthethweni. Ifundiswa emanyuvesi, iyinkambu yocwaningo esebenzayo, inamajenali esayensi, izingqungquthela, kanye nezikhungo zocwaningo ezifana nezindawo zokuhlola zikazwelonke kanye nezinhlangano zasemkhathini. I-Astronomy iphinde ibe negalelo ekuthuthukisweni kwezobuchwepheshe, njengokuthuthukiswa kwezinzwa zekhamera, amasu okucubungula izithombe, kanye nokusungula izinto ezintsha ekuxhumaneni ngesathelayithi (yize i-astronomy ingeyona yodwa ebangela lokhu, ukuhlola isikhala kube nomthelela omkhulu kubuchwepheshe besimanje).
I-Astrology ayibhekwa njengesayensi yesimanje futhi ngokuvamile ayibonwa njengesifundo sesayensi kwezemfundo. Ivame ukwehliswa ezindaweni zomlando wamasiko, i-anthropology, izifundo zenkolo, noma isifundo sezinkolelo zomphakathi. Lokhu akusho ukuthi i-astrology ayinalo inani lamasiko; ayihlangabezani nezindinganiso zesayensi yokuhlola ehlelekile.
Umehluko Wokuqinisekisa: Ongahlolwa vs. Okunzima Ukufakazela
Okutholakele kwezinkanyezi kungahlolwa futhi kubikezelwe. Isibonelo, izazi zezinkanyezi zingabikezela izikhathi zokufiphala kwelanga kusasele amashumi eminyaka ngokunemba okuphezulu. Zingabikezela nokuba khona kwamaplanethi angaphandle zisebenzisa indlela yokuhamba, bese ziqinisekisa lokhu ngokubuka okuphindaphindiwe.
Ekufundweni kwezinkanyezi, izimangalo ezinjengokuthi "abantu abanezimpawu ezithile zezinkanyezi bavame ukuba ngale ndlela" kunzima ukuzifakazela ngokwesayensi ngoba lezi zinkulumo zivame ukuba ezivamile, eziguquguqukayo, futhi ezivulekele izincazelo ezahlukahlukene. Izibikezelo eziningi zenziwa ngolimi oluvulekile, okwenza kube lula "ukuzizwa zilungile" kubantu abaningi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izincazelo zezinkanyezi azihlali zihambisana uma zivivinywa emaqenjini amakhulu kusetshenziswa izindlela eziqinile zezibalo.
Kungani Laba Ababili Bevame Ukuxubana?
Ngokomlando, isayensi yezinkanyezi kanye nesayensi yezinkanyezi kuye kwahambisana. Ezikhathini zasendulo, ukubuka izinto zasezulwini kwafeza izinjongo eziningi: ukuhamba ngezinyawo, amakhalenda ezolimo, amasiko enkolo, ngisho nokubhula. Abantu basendulo ababefunda izidalwa zasezulwini ngezinye izikhathi babesebenzisa isayensi yezinkanyezi, njengoba umugqa phakathi kwesayensi nenkolo wawungakachazwa ngokucacile.
Nokho, ngokuthuthuka kwendlela yesayensi, isayensi yezinkanyezi iye yahlukana ngokucacile nesayensi yezinkanyezi. Isayensi yezinkanyezi yachuma ngoba yayingaveza izincazelo ezinembile nezivivinyakalayo, kuyilapho isayensi yezinkanyezi yaqhubeka njengesiko lokuhumusha lomuntu siqu nelamasiko.
Isiphetho
I-Astronomy kanye ne-astrology kokubili kuphathelene nezinto zasezulwini, kodwa kuhluke kakhulu. I-Astronomy yisayensi efunda indawo yonke isebenzisa izindlela zesayensi, ezisekelwe kudatha, nezivivinyakalayo. I-Astrology uhlelo lokukholelwa noma umkhuba wokuhumusha oxhumanisa izikhundla zezinto zasezulwini nokuphila komuntu ngokusebenzisa izimpawu nokuhumusha. Ukuqonda umehluko phakathi kwalokhu okubili kubalulekile ukuze kugwenywe ukuhumusha kabi ulwazi mayelana namazulu: lapho sixoxa ngesayensi nalapho sixoxa ngesiko lenkolo.
Ngokuqonda lo mehluko, singayazisa isayensi yezinkanyezi njengesayensi eyandisa ulwazi lwabantu ngendawo yonke, kuyilapho siqonda isayensi yezinkanyezi njengento yamasiko enendawo emlandweni nasempilweni yomphakathi, ngaphandle kokudida lokhu okubili njengento efanayo.
