Kungani Amaplanethi Enesimo Esiyindilinga?
Amaplanethi ohlelweni lwethu lwelanga noma esikhaleni sangaphandle avame ukubonwa ngezimo zawo eziyindilinga noma ezicishe zibe yindilinga. Kodwa-ke, isimo sawo esiyindilinga asiyona into eyenzekile. Izici eziningana zomzimba kanye nezimiso ku-astronomy kanye ne-physics zichaza ukuthi kungani amaplanethi enezimo ezinjalo. Lesi sihloko sizoxoxa ngezimbangela eziyinhloko zezimo eziyindilinga zamaplanethi, okuhlanganisa amandla adonsela phansi, ukulingana kwe-hydrostatic, nezinye izinto ezifaka isandla kulezi zinqubo.
1. Umphumela Wamandla Adonsela Phansi
Isici esiyinhloko esenza iplanethi ibe yindilinga amandla adonsela phansi. Amandla adonsela phansi amandla okukhanga phakathi kwesisindo seplanethi nayo yonke into engaphakathi kwayo. Amandla adonsela phansi eplanethi asebenza enkabeni yesisindo sayo, edonsa yonke into iye enkabeni. Lokhu kubangela ukuthi into ebusweni beplanethi isatshalaliswe ngokulinganayo kuzo zonke izinhlangothi, okuholela esimweni esinamandla amancane kakhulu: imbulunga. Amandla adonsela phansi adlala indima ekulinganiseni amandla ukuze konke kudonseleke enkabeni yesisindo, okuholela eplanethini noma enkanyezini ebheke esimweni esiyindilinga.
2. Ukulingana Kwamanzi Okungashintshi
Iplanethi enkulu ngokwanele ukuba amandla adonsela phansi alawule ukuma kwayo izofinyelela ukulingana kwe-hydrostatic, okusho ukuthi amandla adonsela phansi adonsela izinto ngaphakathi alinganiswa yingcindezi yangaphakathi yeplanethi ephuma ngaphandle. Kulesi simo sokulingana kwe-hydrostatic, amandla ayancishiswa, okugcina iplanethi iyindilinga. Ngamanye amazwi, yisimo lapho amandla angaphakathi nangaphandle ento elingana khona, okuvimbela ukuguquka okuphawulekayo kwesimo sayo.
3. Ukwehluka Kweplanethi
Isici sesithathu esifaka isandla esimweni esiyindilinga seplanethi ukuhlukaniswa okuphelele kwamaplanethi. Lokhu kuhlukaniswa kwenzeka lapho iplanethi idlula ekwakhekeni kwezingqimba zezinto zayo ezihlanganisiwe ezinobukhulu obuhlukahlukene ngenxa yamandla adonsela phansi. Izinto ezixineneyo ziya enkabeni yeplanethi, kuyilapho izinto ezingaxinene kakhulu zivame ukuhlala ebusweni. Le nqubo idala i-gradient yokucindezela eyingqayizivele egcina isekela isimo esiyindilinga iyonke.
4. Umphumela Wokujikeleza
Nakuba amandla adonsela phansi eyimbangela eyinhloko yokwakheka kweplanethi okuyindilinga, ukujikeleza kwamaplanethi nakho kudlala indima ebalulekile. Amaplanethi amaningi awawona ama-sphere aphelele kodwa abhekana nokuvuvukala okuncane eduze kwe-equator yawo ngenxa yemiphumela yokujikeleza kwawo. Ukujikeleza kwamaplanethi kubangela amandla e-centrifugal asunduzela izinto e-equator ngaphandle. Ngenxa yalokho, amaplanethi aba yisicaba kancane ezigxotsheni futhi avuvukale kakhulu e-equator, akha i-ellipsoid e-oblate. Isibonelo esivamile yiplanethi enguMhlaba, enesimo se-geoid—hhayi i-sphere ephelele kodwa i-elliptical kancane ngenxa yokujikeleza kwayo.
5. Ukwakheka Kwamaplanethi
Ukwakheka kwamaplanethi avela kuma-nebula okuqala ajikelezayo ngokushesha nakho kuthonya kakhulu ukuma kwawo okuyindilinga. Ezigabeni zokuqala zokwakheka kwamaplanethi, izinto eziqongelelekayo zivame ukwakha idiski ejikelezayo. Kamuva, ngokukhula kwamandla adonsela phansi kanye nokuhlangana, amaplanethi avame ukuthatha ukuma okuyindilinga. Njengoba iplanethi ithola ubunzima obanele, amandla adonsela phansi aqala ukubusa, esabalalisa ubunzima ngokulinganayo kuzo zonke izinhlangothi, okuholela esimweni esiyindilinga.
6. Umphumela Wokushayisana
Ngesikhathi somlando wokuqala wesimiso sonozungezilanga, ukushayisana kwendawo yonke kwakuvame ukuba kukhulu kakhulu futhi kuvame ukwenzeka. Lokhu kushayisana kwakuzonezela kancane kancane isisindo kumaplanethi, kwandise amandla awo adonsela phansi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, imithelela emikhulu kakhulu ingancibilikisa ingxenye noma ngokuphelele ubuso beplanethi, okuvumela izinto ukuthi zigeleze futhi zibuyele esimweni esiyindilinga.
7. Ubufakazi Obuvela Ekuqaphelisweni
Singabona ukuma kweplanethi okuyisiyingi kuzo zonke izikali ezahlukahlukene endaweni yonke. Kusukela kumaplanethi amancane afana namaplanethi amafushane kuya kuma-gas giants, cishe wonke ayindilinga, anezinguquko ezincane ezicongweni nase-equator. Lokhu kuzungeza akubonakali kuphela kumaplanethi kodwa nasezinkanyezini, kuma-satellite emvelo, nakwezinye izidalwa ezinkulu zasezulwini.
8. Amaplanethi angewona azungezile ngokuphelele
Nakuba amaplanethi evame ukuba yindilinga, awakaze abe yindilinga ngokuphelele. Lokhu kungenxa kakhulu yokwehluka kwendawo ekubuneni, ukusatshalaliswa kobuningi obungalingani, umsebenzi we-geological, kanye namandla adalwa ukujikeleza kweplanethi. Kodwa-ke, lokhu kungapheleli ngokuvamile kuncane uma kuqhathaniswa nesilinganiso sonke.
Isiphetho
Ukuma kweplanethi kuyimbangela yamandla adonsela phansi asebenza enkabeni yento, elinganiswe yingcindezi yangaphakathi ekhiqizwa yingaphakathi leplanethi. Ezinye izinto, njengokujikeleza, ukuhlukaniswa kwensimu yamandla adonsela phansi, kanye nemiphumela yokushayisana, nazo zidlala indima ebalulekile ekwakheni lesi simo esiyindilinga. Ukuma kweplanethi okuyindilinga kubonisa ibhalansi ebucayi phakathi kwamandla angaphakathi nangaphandle, futhi kusho esinye sezici eziyisisekelo zemithetho yefiziksi esebenza endaweni yonke yethu.
Ngakho-ke, ukuqonda ukuthi kungani amaplanethi eyindilinga akugcini nje ngokusinika ukuqonda okujulile ngamaplanethi ngokwawo, kodwa futhi nangemithetho emikhulu kanye nezimiso ezilawula indawo yonke yethu.
