Ingabe Kukhona Umkhawulo Wendawo Yonke?
Umbuzo wemingcele yendawo yonke ungenye yezihloko ezijulile neziyimfihlakalo kakhulu ku-astrophysics kanye ne-cosmology. Abantu, ngesifiso sabo esingapheli, bebelokhu befuna ukuqonda imvelaphi nesakhiwo sakho konke okukhona. Ukuhlola indawo yonke akusisizi nje kuphela ukuqonda ubukhulu bokuba khona kodwa futhi kuvula umnyango wokwakha imibono emisha mayelana nokuthi konke kwaqala kanjani nokuthi kungaphela kanjani.
Ingabe Indawo Yonke Iphelele Noma Ayinamkhawulo?
Umbuzo oyisisekelo ongase uphakame ukuthi ngabe indawo yonke inomngcele. Emashumini eminyaka amuva nje, izazi zezinkanyezi ziye zazama ukuphendula lo mbuzo ngezindlela ezahlukene, okuhlanganisa ukubuka okuqondile, amamodeli ezibalo, kanye nombono jikelele ka-Albert Einstein wokuhlobana kwezinto.
1. Imodeli Yendawo Yonke Ephelele:
Indawo yonke elinganiselwe ingaba nemingcele eqondile, noma okungenani umthamo olinganiselwe. Kusukela kulo mbono, indawo yonke ingafaniswa nobuso bembulunga. Nakuba ubuso bayo bulinganiselwe, umuntu angahamba ngokungenamkhawulo ngaphandle kokufinyelela 'emaphethelweni'. Lokhu kudideka kusikisela ukuthi, nakuba indawo yonke ilinganiselwe, akukho lapho singathola khona isiphetho sangempela.
2. Imodeli Yendawo Yonke Engenamkhawulo:
Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ukube indawo yonke ibingenamkhawulo, bekungeke kube nemingcele yobukhulu bayo noma isikhala. Lokhu kusho ukuthi besingeke sifinyelele "emaphethelweni" endawo yonke ngoba, ngomqondo ongokoqobo, akukho maphethelo. Indawo yonke enjalo ibizokhula njalo, okuvumela ukucabanga ukuthi kunezingxenye esingakaze sikwazi ukuzibona, futhi mhlawumbe esingeke sikwazi ukuzibona, uma sibheka ukulinganiselwa kobuchwepheshe kanye nesivinini sokukhanya.
Imikhawulo Yokubuka Nobuchwepheshe:
Esinye sezici ezinkulu ezivimbela ukuqonda kwethu indawo yonke ukuthi singakwazi ukubona izinto ezikude. Ama-telescope, kokubili optical kanye nomsakazo, anikeza ukufinyelela okumangalisayo, kodwa asalinganiselwe kakhulu ngebanga nesikhathi. Ukukhanya okuvela ezintweni ezikude kakhulu kungase kungasifinyeleli ngoba indawo yonke ikhula ngokushesha kunejubane lokukhanya.
Umqondo we-Cosmic Horizon:
Umkhathizwe we-cosmic ungumkhawulo walokho esingakubona. Yibanga elide kakhulu ukukhanya okuvela ezintweni ezisendaweni yonke okuye kwafika kithi kusukela ku-Big Bang, isikhathi sokudalwa kwendawo yonke, okulinganiselwa ukuthi kungaba eminyakeni eyizigidigidi eziyi-13.8 eyedlule. Ngenxa yokwanda kwendawo yonke, umkhathizwe we-cosmic uqhele kithi cishe ngeminyaka yokukhanya eyizigidigidi ezingama-46.5. Lokhu kusho ukuthi asikwazi ukubona ngale kwalelo banga ngoba ukukhanya akukabi nesikhathi esanele sokufika kithi.
Ithiyori yokwehla kwamandla emali, eyaphakanyiswa ngu-Alan Guth kanye nozakwabo ekuqaleni kwawo-1980, ichaza ukuthi izingxenye ezahlukene zendawo yonke zikhona kanjani ngale komkhathi wethu. Le thiyori ithi ngemva nje kweBig Bang, kwaba nesikhathi sokwanda okukhulu okwabangela ukuba izingxenye ezinkulu zendawo yonke zihlukane ngesivinini esisheshayo kunokukhanya.
Izinkinga Zemingcele Ku-General Theory of Relativity:
U-Albert Einstein, ngombono wakhe ojwayelekile wokuhlobana kwezinto, wabeka ukubaluleka okukhulu ekuqondeni isikhala nesikhathi. Isikhala nesikhathi kubhekwa njengokuqhubeka okunezinhlangothi ezine okugobile ngokuba khona kobuningi namandla. Kulo mongo, "umngcele" wendawo yonke ungabhekisela emagobileni esikhala nesikhathi, kunokuba ubhekisele emingceleni engamanga esingayicabanga, njengezindonga noma imingcele yezinto ezibonakalayo. Ukugoba kwesikhala nesikhathi yizinto ezinkulu endaweni yonke kuvumela indawo yonke "elinganiselwe" ngobuningi, kodwa engenasiphelo noma umkhawulo oqondile.
Inkinga Yezinto Eziningi:
Njengoba imibono ye-quantum physics kanye ne-cosmology yathuthuka, kwavela umqondo we-multiverse, noma ama-universe amaningi. Lo mqondo uphakamisa ukuthi indawo yonke yethu ingenye nje kweziningi. Lokhu kusho ukuthi indawo yonke ngayinye ingaba ne-physics ehlukile, ama-constant ayisisekelo, kanye nesakhiwo. Imodeli ye-multiverse isekela umqondo wokuthi indawo yonke yethu ingaba nomngcele ngaphakathi komongo wethu, kodwa ibe yingxenye yeqoqo elingenamkhawulo leminye i-universe.
I-Kesimpulan:
Ingabe kukhona umngcele wendawo yonke? Impendulo ayiqinisekile futhi ihlala iyisihloko sokuqagela okukhulu kwesayensi. Ngamamodeli ahlukahlukene kanye nemibono, sibona ukuthi indawo yonke ingaba nemingcele noma ingapheli, ngayinye inemiphumela ethakazelisayo nedidayo.
Ososayensi bayaqhubeka nokulwela ukuthuthukisa ubuchwepheshe bokubuka obuyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu kanye nemibono ebanzi kakhulu ukuze baphendule lo mbuzo. Kuze kube yileso sikhathi, ilukuluku lomuntu kanye nesifiso sokuhlola okungaziwa kuzoqhubeka kusisondeza, ekugcineni, empendulweni yale mfihlakalo yendawo yonke.
Indawo yonke, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi inomkhawulo noma ayinamkhawulo, iyinsimu lapho abantu behlola khona imikhawulo yolwazi kanye nomcabango. Qhubeka ubheka phezulu, qhubeka ubuza imibuzo, ngoba kuleyo mibuzo, sithola umongo wokuphila kwethu.
