Ukuqhathaniswa Kwezindlela Zokuvubukula ZaseNtshonalanga NezaseMpumalanga
I-Archaeology iwukufunda ngabantu basendulo kanye nempucuko ngokumba nokuhlaziya izinto zobuciko, izakhiwo, kanye nezinsalela zezinto eziphilayo. Nakuba izindlela eziyisisekelo ze-archaeology zisetshenziswa emhlabeni wonke, kunomehluko omkhulu ezindleleni nasezindleleni ezisetshenziswa izazi ze-archaeology eNtshonalanga naseMpumalanga. Lesi sihloko sizohlola lo mehluko ngokomongo womlando, indlela, kanye nefilosofi yezindlela ezisetshenziswa yilezi zindawo ezimbili.
Umlando kanye Nesizinda Sokuthuthukiswa Kwezinto Zasendulo ZaseNtshonalanga NaseMpumalanga
Ukuvubukulwa kwesimanje eNtshonalanga kwaqala ukuthuthuka kakhulu ngekhulu le-19 ngokutholakala kwezindawo ezinkulu ezifana nePompeii neTroy. Ukuqonda kwalesi sayensi eNtshonalanga kwathonywa kakhulu ukuthuthukiswa kwesayensi yesimanje kanye nezindlela zesayensi ezihlelekile. Ukugcizelelwa kwamasu okumba ngokucophelela, imibhalo eningiliziwe, kanye nokuhlaziywa okubucayi kwaba yizimpawu zokuvubukulwa kweNtshonalanga.
Ngokuphambene nalokho, isayensi yezinto zakudala eMpumalanga, ikakhulukazi e-Asia, inomlando ohlukile. Emazweni afana neShayina neJapane, umkhuba wokumba nokulondoloza izindawo zomlando ubulokhu ukhona amakhulu eminyaka, kodwa izindlela zanamuhla zafika futhi zathuthuka ngokushesha ngekhulu lama-20. Izindlela ezisetshenziswayo zivame ukusekelwe emasikweni nasezinkolelweni zamasiko endawo, kugxilwe kakhulu kumongo wamasiko nomlando wezinto ezitholakale.
Indlela Yokumba kanye Nemibhalo
ENtshonalanga, indlela yokumba ihlelekile kakhulu futhi isekelwe kwezesayensi. Abavubukuli baseNtshonalanga bavame ukusebenzisa indlela enezingqimba, lapho inhlabathi imbiwa khona ngezigaba futhi ungqimba ngalunye lubhalwe ngokucophelela. Ukusetshenziswa kobuchwepheshe besimanje njenge-LIDAR, i-Ground Penetrating Radar (GPR), kanye ne-photogrammetry sekuyinto ejwayelekile, okuvumela ukumepha nokuhlaziya izindawo zemivubukulo ngokunemba okuphezulu.
EMpumalanga, ukumba kuvame ukuba nomthelela omkhulu, kugxilwe kakhulu ekuchazeni amasiko okutholakele. Imibhalo isabalulekile, kodwa kukhona ukuthambekela kokulondoloza ubuqotho bamasiko endawo. Isibonelo, eShayina, izindlela zivame ukuhlanganisa ukutadisha imibhalo yasendulo nokumba okubonakalayo ukuqinisekisa noma ukuphikisa ukulandisa komlando. EJapane, izindlela zokumba zivame ukuzama ukunciphisa umonakalo ezindaweni ezibhekwa njengezingcwele noma zomlando.
Indlela Yefilosofi Namasiko
Indlela yaseNtshonalanga yokuvubukula ivame ukuthonywa yifilosofi ye-positivism, egcizelela ukuthi ulwazi kumele lusekelwe ebufakazini obubonakalayo futhi luqinisekiswe ngendlela yesayensi. Umgomo oyinhloko ukwakha kabusha umlando ngendlela eqotho nehlelekile. Abavubukuli baseNtshonalanga bavame ukugcizelela ukubaluleka kokungathathi hlangothi futhi abathonywa kakhulu yizindinganiso zamasiko zomphakathi lapho indawo itholakala khona.
Ngokuphambene nalokho, isayensi yezinto zakudala zaseMpumalanga ivame ukuthonywa yizindinganiso zefilosofi nezamasiko zendawo. Izazi eziningi zezinto zakudala eMpumalanga zibheka izinto zakudala nezindawo zomlando hhayi nje njengezinto zokuphenya ngokwesayensi kodwa futhi njengezingxenye ezibalulekile zobuntu bendabuko nobungokomoya bomphakathi. Emazweni amaningi ase-Asia, kunenkolelo ejulile yokuthi izinto zakudala nezindawo zomlando zinomphefumulo noma "umoya" okumele uhlonishwe. Ngakho-ke, indlela yesayensi yezinto zakudala eMpumalanga ivame ukuba ephelele futhi enokuziphatha okuhle ekugcineni ubuqotho bezindawo nezinto zakudala ezitholakele.
Ukuqeqeshwa kanye Nemfundo
Ukuqeqeshwa kanye nemfundo yabavubukuli baseNtshonalanga kuvame ukuba semthethweni kakhulu futhi kuhlelekile. Izinhlelo zemivubukulo emanyuvesi aseNtshonalanga zihlanganisa ikharikhulamu ebanzi, kusukela ezindleleni zokumba kuya ekuhlaziyweni kwelabhorethri kanye nethiyori yemivubukulo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukuqeqeshwa emsebenzini kanye nomsebenzi wasensimini kuyizingxenye ezibalulekile zokuqeqeshwa kwabavubukuli baseNtshonalanga, ukuqinisekisa ukuthi bathola ulwazi olusebenzayo ngaphezu kolwazi lwethiyori.
EMpumalanga, imfundo yemivubukulo nayo iya ngokuya ihlelekile futhi ihlelekile, yize kukhona umehluko ekugcizelelweni. Izinhlelo eziningi zemivubukulo eMpumalanga azigcizeleli nje kuphela amasu okumba nokuhlaziya kodwa futhi nokutadisha imibhalo yasendulo, umlando wobuciko, kanye namasiko endawo. Le ndlela iqinisekisa ukuthi abavubukuli baseMpumalanga banokuqonda okujulile ngomongo wamasiko nomlando wezinto abazitholile.
Ukubambisana Kwamazwe Ngamazwe kanye Nokushintshana Kwezindlela
Naphezu komehluko omkhulu ezindleleni nasezindleleni, ukubambisana kwamazwe ngamazwe phakathi kwabavubukuli baseNtshonalanga nabaseMpumalanga kuyakhula. Amaphrojekthi amaningi okuvubukula namuhla ahilela amaqembu omhlaba wonke ahlanganisa ubuchwepheshe nezindlela ezivela kuzo zombili izingxenye zomhlaba. Isibonelo, amaphrojekthi amakhulu eMpumalanga Ephakathi avame ukubandakanya abavubukuli baseNtshonalanga nabaseMpumalanga, besebenzisana ukuhlanganisa izindlela zokuvubukula eziyinkimbinkimbi nokuqonda okujulile komlando wendawo namasiko.
Lokhu kubambisana akugcini nje ngokuthuthukisa ikhwalithi yocwaningo lwemivubukulo kodwa futhi kukhuthaza ukushintshana kolwazi nezindlela ezingazuzisa womabili amaqembu. Ngalokhu kubambisana kwamazwe ngamazwe, izazi zemivubukulo eNtshonalanga naseMpumalanga zingafunda komunye nomunye futhi zamukele izindlela ezinhle kakhulu ezivela kumasiko ngamunye.
Izinselele Nekusasa Lezinto Ezivubukulayo
Nakuba izindlela nezindlela zokuvubukula eNtshonalanga naseMpumalanga zinamandla azo, zombili zibhekene nezinselele ezifanayo. Ukubhujiswa kwendawo ngenxa yentuthuko, ukuphanga kanye nokuthengiswa kwezinto ezisetshenziswayo okungekho emthethweni, kanye nokushintsha kwesimo sezulu kungenye yezinselele zomhlaba wonke ezisongela ukulondolozwa kwefa lethu lamasiko. Ukubambisana kwamazwe ngamazwe kanye nokwamukelwa kobuchwepheshe obuthuthukisiwe kubalulekile ekubhekaneni nalezi zinselele.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, kunesidingo sokukhulisa ulwazi lomphakathi ngokubaluleka kokulondolozwa kwezindawo zakudala kanye nezinto zomlando. Imfundo kanye nokubandakanyeka kwemiphakathi yendawo kumaphrojekthi ezinto zakudala kungasiza ekuvimbeleni ukuphangwa kanye nokulimala kwezindawo, futhi kuqinisekiswe ukuthi leli fa lamasiko lingajatshulelwa yizizukulwane ezizayo.
Isiphetho
Isayensi yezinto zakudala eNtshonalanga naseMpumalanga ihluke kakhulu emlandweni, endleleni yokusebenza, kanye nezindlela zefilosofi. Nakuba isayensi yezinto zakudala zaseNtshonalanga ivame ukuba yinkimbinkimbi futhi isayensi, isayensi yezinto zakudala zaseMpumalanga igxila kakhulu kumongo wamasiko nomlando. Noma kunjalo, ukubambisana kwamazwe ngamazwe kanye nokushintshana kwezindlela kuye kwasiza izazi zezinto zakudala ezivela kuzo zombili izingxenye zomhlaba ukuthi zifunde komunye nomunye futhi zithuthukise ikhwalithi yocwaningo lwazo.
Njengoba kunezinselele zomhlaba wonke eziseduze, ikusasa lezinto zakudala lizoncika kakhulu ekhonweni lokubambisana, ukwamukela ubuchwepheshe obuthuthukisiwe, nokukhulisa ukuqwashisa komphakathi ngokubaluleka kokulondolozwa kwefa lamasiko. Ngale mizamo ehlangene, singaqinisekisa ukuthi ifa lethu lamasiko lihlala liphephile ukuze izizukulwane ezizayo zilifunde futhi ziliqonde.
