I-ARCHEOLOGY

I-Industrial Archaeology kanye ne-Technological Heritage I-Archaeology ivame ukubhekwa njengokumbiwa kwezindawo zasendulo: amathempeli, izindawo zokuhlala zasendulo, noma amathuna asebukhosini. Kodwa-ke, iminonjana yesikhathi esidlule ayigcini ematsheni asendulo. Izimboni ezindala, imizila yesitimela egqwala, izindawo zokugcina impahla zamachweba, iziteshi zikagesi, ngisho nemishini eshiywe emahholo okukhiqiza nakho "kuyizinto zobuciko" eziphethe izindaba ezibalulekile. Yilapho i-archaeology... Funda kabanzi

Indima Yezinto Ezivubukuliwe Ekuxazululeni Izingxabano Zamasiko Izingxabano zamasiko zivame ukuvela lapho ubuwena, inkumbulo ehlangene, kanye nezimangalo zesikhathi esidlule zingqubuzana nezintshisekelo zezepolitiki, zomnotho, noma zomphakathi zanamuhla. Izingxabano zingavela phakathi kwamaqembu ezinhlanga, imiphakathi yendabuko kanye nezizwe, noma phakathi kwamazwe ancintisana ngobunikazi befa lamasiko. Ezimweni ezinjalo, izinto ezivubukuliwe zivame ukubhekwa njengomkhakha nje… Funda kabanzi

Indlela Yokulondoloza Izindawo Zokuvubukula Zasogwini Izindawo zokuvubukula zasogwini zinemikhondo ebalulekile yokuphila kwabantu basendulo—kusukela ezindaweni zokuhlala zasendulo, amachweba endabuko, nezindawo zemicikilisho kuya ekushoneni kwemikhumbi kanye nezinto zokuhweba zasolwandle. Kodwa-ke, uma kuqhathaniswa nezindawo zangaphakathi, izindawo zasogwini zibhekene nezinsongo eziyinkimbinkimbi nezishintsha ngokushesha. Izindawo zasogwini zihlala zishintshashintsha: ukukhubeka, amagagasi… Funda kabanzi

Imivubukulo kanye Nokuthuthukiswa Kobuchwepheshe Bezindwangu Zasendulo Izindwangu zingenye yezinto ezifezwe ngobuchwepheshe bokuqala emlandweni wesintu, kodwa ngokumangalisayo, ziphakathi kwezinto okunzima kakhulu ukuzilandela. Ngokungafani namatshe, amathambo, noma izinto zobumba, ezingahlala izinkulungwane zeminyaka, izindwangu kanye nemicu yemvelo yonakaliswa kalula umswakama, amagciwane, kanye nokushintsha kwezinga lokushisa. Yilapho imivubukulo idlala khona indima ebalulekile: … Funda kabanzi

Imiphumela Yezinto Ezivubukuliwe Ezimangalweni Zendawo Izinto ezivubukuliwe zivame ukuqondwa njengesayensi ehlola isikhathi esidlule: izinto zobuciko, izindawo zasendulo, izinsalela zezindawo zokuhlala, kanye nemikhondo yamasiko ashiywe ngabantu. Kodwa-ke, emikhubeni yesimanje yezenhlalo nezepolitiki, izinto ezivubukuliwe azigcini nje emkhakheni wezemfundo. Izinto ezitholwe ngezinto ezivubukuliwe zivame ukungena emikhakheni yenqubomgomo, umthetho, kanye nezokuxhumana—ikakhulukazi uma zihlangana nezimangalo zendawo. Ezingxenyeni ezahlukene zomhlaba… Funda kabanzi

I-Archaeology kanye Nocwaningo Lokushintsha Kwemvelo I-Archaeology ivame ukuqondwa njengocwaningo lwesikhathi esidlule ngokusebenzisa izinsalela zabantu—njengamathuluzi amatshe, izitsha zobumba, izakhiwo, noma izinsalela zezindawo zokuhlala. Kodwa-ke, emashumini eminyaka amuva nje, i-archaeology ikhule kakhulu ngale kokumba nje izinto zakudala. Izazi zemivubukulo ziya ngokuya zigxila ebudlelwaneni phakathi kwabantu nendawo abahlala kuyo: indlela ushintsho lwesimo sezulu, ukuguquguquka kwemvelo, … Funda kabanzi

Amasu Okufota I-Photogrammetry Emibhalweni Yezinto Zakudala Imibhalo ingenye yezigaba ezibaluleke kakhulu ocwaningweni lwezinto zakudala. Konke ukutholwa—kusukela ezintweni ezincane kanye nezici ze-stratigraphic kuya ezakhiweni zasendulo—kuhlukile futhi ngokuvamile akunakuphindwa ngemva kokumba. Ngakho-ke, abavubukuli badinga izindlela zokuqopha ezinembile, ezinemininingwane, nezinomthwalo wemfanelo. Emashumini eminyaka amuva nje, i-photogrammetry ithuthuke yaba … Funda kabanzi

Ukuvubukula Nokuhlobana Kwakho Nesayensi Yezilwane Ukuvubukula kuvame ukuqondwa njengesayensi efunda isikhathi esidlule somuntu ngezinto ezishiye ngemuva—kusukela kumathuluzi amatshe kanye nobumba kuya ezakhiweni ngisho nasezinsaleleni zezindawo zokuhlala. Kodwa-ke, isithombe sesikhathi esidlule asakhiwanga kuphela ngezinto ezenziwe ngabantu. Ezindaweni eziningi, idatha echaza kakhulu ngamaphethini okuphila komuntu ivela ezinsaleleni zezidalwa eziphilayo… Funda kabanzi

Ucwaningo Lwezinto Ezivubukuliwe Ngamathuna Amakhulu Amathuna amakhulu aphakathi kwezinto ezitholwe bucayi kakhulu ocwaningweni lwezinto ezivubukuliwe. Akuzona nje iziqoqo zamathambo, kodwa ubufakazi obuphathekayo bezehlakalo ezinkulu—izimpi, izifo eziwumshayabhuqe, izinhlekelele zemvelo, indlala, kanye nodlame lwezepolitiki—okuvame ukushiya amanxeba ajulile emiphakathini ethintekile. Ngakho-ke, ucwaningo lwezinto ezivubukuliwe ngamathuna amakhulu ludinga indlela yesayensi… Funda kabanzi

Ukuqeqeshwa Kobungcweti kanye Nesitifiketi Kwezinto Ezivubukulayo I-Archaeology ivame ukuqondwa njengomsebenzi wokumba izinto zakudala kanye nokwembula izimfihlakalo zesikhathi esidlule. Kodwa-ke, ngale kwesithombe esidumile "sokumba," i-archaeology yanamuhla iwumsebenzi odinga amakhono obuchwepheshe, ukuqina kwesayensi, ukunamathela kokuziphatha, kanye nekhono lokusebenza kuzo zonke izigaba. Ngakho-ke, ukuqeqeshwa kobungcweti kanye nesitifiketi kubalulekile… Funda kabanzi