Ugqozi Lwezithombe Zesimanje Ezinezindlela Ezintsha
Ezweni lobuciko besimanje, ukubaza izithombe zesimanje kuye kwanda kakhulu ngale kobuhle bendabuko, kufaka phakathi amasu ahlukahlukene amasha nezinto zokwakha ukudala imisebenzi yobuciko emangalisayo nenenjongo. Ukubaza izithombe zesimanje akugcini nje ngokuvusa imizwa nomcabango ngesimo sazo, kodwa futhi kusebenza njengendlela yokudlulisa imiyalezo enamandla ezindabeni zomphakathi, zezepolitiki, kanye nezemvelo. Nazi ezinye zemithombo ekhuthazayo yokubaza izithombe zesimanje kusetshenziswa amasu amasha, kanye nezibonelo zangempela zobuciko obuhle kakhulu.
1. Ukuhlola Izinto Ezingavamile
Umthombo oyinhloko wokuphefumulelwa ekubunjweni kwezithombe zanamuhla ukuhlola izinto ezingavamile. Abaculi banamuhla abasagcini ngamatshe, insimbi, nokhuni; bahlola izinto ezifana nepulasitiki esetshenzisiwe, indwangu, ingilazi, imfucuza kagesi, ngisho nezinto eziphilayo ezifana namaqabunga namagxolo. Esinye sezibonelo ezidumile kakhulu umsebenzi womdwebi waseBrithani u-Antony Gormley, odala izithombe ezibunjiwe esebenzisa izingcezu zemizimba yabantu eyenziwe ngensimbi esetshenzisiwe. Imisebenzi yakhe ivame ukuhlanganisa ukusebenzisana phakathi komzimba womuntu nendawo ezungezile.
2. Ukusetshenziswa kobuchwepheshe bedijithali kanye nokuphrinta kwe-3D
Esikhathini sedijithali, ubuchwepheshe buvule iminyango emisha yezithombe zesimanje. Ukuphrinta kwe-3D, isibonelo, kuvumela abaculi ukuthi bakhe izimo nemininingwane eyinkimbinkimbi okwakungenakwenzeka ngaphambili ngesandla somuntu. Abaculi abanjengoJoshua Harker basebenzisa lobu buchwepheshe ukudala izithombe ezinemiklamo yejometri eyinkimbinkimbi okungenakwenzeka ukuyidala besebenzisa izindlela ezivamile. Umphumela uba umsebenzi wobuciko obonakala uphila futhi uhamba noma nini lapho ubhekwa ngezindlela ezahlukene.
3. Ukusebenzisana kanye Nokuzwela
Izithombe eziqoshiwe azisezona ezokubukwa nje kuphela; manje, zingazwakala futhi zitholakale ngokusebenzisana ngqo nombukeli. Ngokufaka ubuchwepheshe bezinzwa nokuxhumana, abaculi bangakha imisebenzi exhumana nalabo abazungezile. Isibonelo, umdwebi waseDashi uDaan Roosegaarde wadala i-“Lotus Dome,” ukufakwa okuxhumanayo okusabela ebukhoneni bombukeli. Isikhathi ngasinye lapho umuntu esondela, izingxenye ngazinye zesakhiwo ziyavuleka futhi zinyakaze, zidale imiphumela emihle yokukhanya.
4. Ugqozi Oluvela Emvelweni Nasemvelweni
Imvelo kanye nemvelo kuhlala kungumthombo ongapheli wokuphefumulela abaqophi bezithombe. Kodwa esikhundleni sokumane bakopishe izinhlobo zemvelo, abadwebi besimanje bavame ukusebenzisa izakhi zemvelo ukudala imisebenzi emangalisayo nenenjongo. Isibonelo, uHeather Jansch waziwa ngezithombe zakhe zamahhashi ezenziwe ngokhuni olukhukhulekayo olutholakala ogwini lolwandle. Ngokuhlela ngobuciko izingcezu zokhuni, uJansch udala izithombe ezinamandla ezibonakala sengathi izilwane ziyaphila futhi ziyanyakaza.
5. Ubuciko Basedolobheni kanye Nesithombe Sesikhala Somphakathi
Izithombe eziqoshiwe zesimanje nazo zitholakala kakhulu ezindaweni zomphakathi, lapho zixhumana khona nezakhiwo kanye nemiphakathi yasemadolobheni. Ubuciko basemadolobheni kanye nemifanekiso eqoshiwe yomphakathi kunikeza indawo evundile yokusungula izinto ezintsha kwezobuchwepheshe kanye nokuhlola ubuciko. Isibonelo esiphawulekayo umsebenzi womdwebi waseBrazil u-Eduardo Kobra, owaziwa ngemidwebo yakhe emikhulu kanye nemifanekiso eqoshiwe enemibala, enezihloko. UKobr usebenzisa upende wokufutha kanye namasu okubhala ukuze abonise izithombe ezidumile kanye nemiyalezo yomphakathi ezindaweni zomphakathi zamadolobha amakhulu.
6. Ukuhlanganiswa Nomklamo Wezakhiwo
Ukuhlanganiswa kwezithombe eziqoshiwe kanye nomklamo wezakhiwo kukhiqiza imisebenzi engeyona nje ubuhle kuphela kodwa futhi esebenzayo. Abaculi abaningi nabakhi bezakhiwo manje sebesebenzisana ukudala ukufakwa okufiphaza imingcele phakathi kobuciko nesakhiwo. Isibonelo, isithombe esithi "Cloud Gate" sika-Anish Kapoor, esiseMillennium Park, eChicago. Senziwe ngamapuleti ensimbi engagqwali acwebezelayo angu-168 futhi sakhiwe njenge-peanut enkulu, lokhu kufakwa akuvezi nje ubuhle obubonakalayo kodwa futhi kusebenza njengokubonakaliswa okusebenzisanayo kwesimo sedolobha kanye nezivakashi zalo.
7. Ukusimama kanye nokusetshenziswa kabusha kwezinto ezibonakalayo
Ukwanda kokuqwashisa ngemvelo kuye kwathonya abaqophi abaningi bezithombe banamuhla ukuba bacabangele umthelela wemvelo womsebenzi wabo. Lo mkhuba ukhuthaza ukusetshenziswa kwezinto ezisetshenzisiwe kanye namasu azinzile ekudalweni kwezithombe. Isibonelo, umdwebi waseBelgium uPol Quadens usebenzisa insimbi nengilazi ezisetshenzisiwe ukudala izithombe ezinhle. Le misebenzi ayikhangi nje kuphela kodwa futhi idlulisa imiyalezo ebalulekile mayelana nokuvikelwa kwemvelo kanye nokunciphisa imfucuza.
8. Izindaba Zezenhlalo Nezepolitiki
Izithombe eziqoshiwe zanamuhla zivame ukusebenza njengendlela yokudlulisa izindaba zomphakathi nezepolitiki. Zingaba ithuluzi elinamandla lokuveza ukugxeka noma imibono ngezindaba eziphikisanayo. Umsebenzi womdwebi u-Ai Weiwei uyisibonelo, njengoba izithombe zakhe eziqoshiwe zivame ukuba nencazelo ejulile yezepolitiki. Omunye wemisebenzi yakhe edumile kakhulu, i-"Circle of Animals/Zodiac Heads," ukhuluma ngefa lamasiko futhi ugxeka ukubuyiselwa kwemisebenzi yobuciko ephangiwe.
9. Ukuhlanganisa Isithombe Esiqoshiwe Nevidiyo Nezithombe Ezinyakazayo
Enye indlela entsha ekubunjweni kwezithombe zanamuhla ukufaka izinto ze-multimedia ezifana nevidiyo kanye ne-animation. Le ndlela ivumela abaculi ukuthi bakhe imisebenzi enamandla futhi exhumanayo. Isibonelo, umdwebi uTony Oursler wadala ukufakwa kwevidiyo-projection okwakubonisa ubuso obukhulumayo ezintweni ezinobukhulu obuthathu. Umphumela ophumelayo ugxile kakhulu, okudala ulwazi oluyimfihlakalo noluyinselele kumbukeli.
10. Ukuhlola Umsebenzi kanye Nendima Yezithombe Eziqoshiwe
Amasu amasha akhuthaza abaculi ukuthi bangabaze futhi bachaze kabusha umsebenzi wobuciko ngokwawo. Bangase bahlole imingcele phakathi kobuciko, ukufakwa, kanye nokusebenza. Isibonelo, umdwebi odumile waseJapan uTakashi Murakami uhlanganisa ubuciko nezici ze-pop yaseJapan kanye namasiko athandwayo, akhiqize imisebenzi eseyizimpawu zobuciko besimanje bomhlaba wonke.
Isiphetho
Ugqozi lokudweba izithombe zanamuhla kusetshenziswa amasu amasha luvela emithonjeni eyahlukahlukene futhi luvumela ukuvezwa okuhlukile nokuhlukahlukene. Ukusetshenziswa kwezinto ezintsha, ubuchwepheshe bedijithali, ukufaka imizwa, ukuqwashisa ngemvelo, kanye nezindaba zomphakathi kungenye yezici eziningi ezihlola imingcele yendabuko yokudweba izithombe. Enkathini lapho ubuciko buhlala bushintsha, ukudweba izithombe zanamuhla kunikeza ukuqonda okujulile ngendlela abantu abaqonda ngayo, abasabela ngayo, futhi ababumba ngayo umhlaba obazungezile.
Izithombe ezintsha zesimanje azigcini nje ngokusikhuthaza ukunconywa kodwa futhi zisimema ukuba sicabange ngencazelo ejulile yokuba khona kwethu, ubudlelwano bethu nendawo esizungezile, kanye nezinkinga ezithinta impilo yomphakathi. Kuzo zonke izinhlobo nezindlela, lezi zithombe zifakazela umoya wokudala ongenamkhawulo oqhubeka nokuguquka ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.
