Ukwandiswa komgca - iingxaki kunye nezisombululo

1. Intsimbi inobude obuyi-40 cm kwi-20 ^o C. I-coefficient yokwandiswa okuthe ngqo kwentsimbi yi-12 x 10 ^-6 (Co ⁾ -1 ^. Ukwanda kobude kunye nobude bokugqibela xa ikwi-70 ^o C kuya kuba…

Yaziwa:

Utshintsho kubushushu ( ΔT ) = 70 ^o C – 20 ^o C = 50 ^o C

Ubude bokuqala (L ₁ ) = 40 cm

I-coefficient yokwandiswa okuthe ngqo kwentsimbi (α ) = 12 x 10 ^-6 (Co ^o ) ^-1

Okufunwayo: Utshintsho kubude ( Δ L) kunye nobude bokugqibela (L ₂ )

Isisombululo:

a) Utshintsho kubude ( ΔL)

Δ L = α L ₁ ΔT

Δ L = ( 12×10 ^{-6 o} C ^-1 )(40 cm)(50 ^o C)

Δ L = (10 ^-6 )(24 x 10 ³ ) cm

Δ L = 24 x 10 ^-3 cm

Δ L = 24 / 10 ³ cm

Δ L = 24 / 1000 cm

Δ L = 0.024 cm

b) Ubude bokugqibela (L ₂ )

L ₂ = L ₁ + ΔL

L ₂ = 40 cm + 0.024 cm

L ₂ = 40.024 cm

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2. Intonga yesinyithi eshushu ukusuka kwi-30 ^o C ukuya kwi-80 ^o C. Ubude bokugqibela besinyithi yi-115 cm kwaye i-coefficient yokwandiswa okuthe ngqo yi-3 × 10 ^{-3 o} C ^-1 . Bungakanani ubude bokuqala kunye notshintsho kubude besinyithi?

Isisombululo:

Utshintsho kubushushu ( ΔT) = 80 ^o C – 30 ^o C = 50 ^o C

Ubude bokugqibela (L ₂ ) = 115 cm

I-coefficient yokwandiswa okuthe ngqo ( α) = 3×10 ^-3o C ^-1

Okufunwayo: ubude bokuqala (L ₁ ) kunye notshintsho kubude ( Δ L)

Isisombululo:

a) Ubude bokuqala (L ₁ )

Ifomula yotshintsho kubude bokwandiswa okuthe ngqo:

Δ L = α L ₁ ΔT

Ifomula yobude bokugqibela :

L ₂ = L ₁ + ΔL

L ₂ = L ₁ + α L ₁ ΔT

L ₂ = L ₁ (1 + α ΔT)

115 cm = L ₁ (1 + (3.10 ^{-3 o} C ^-1 )(50 ^o C)

115 cm = L ₁ (1 + 150.10 ^-3 )

115 cm = L ₁ (1 + 0.15)

115 cm = L ₁ (1.15)

L 1 = 115 cm / 1.15 L 1 = 100 cm b) utshintsho kubude ( ΔL ) Δ L = L 2 – L 1 ΔL = 115 cm – 100 cm Δ L = 15 cm

[irp]

3. Kwi-25 ^o C, ubude beglasi yi-50 cm. Emva kokufudumeza, ubude bokugqibela beglasi yi-50.9 cm. I-coefficient yokwandiswa okuthe ngqo yi- α = 9 x 10 ^-6 C ^-1 . Misela ubushushu bokugqibela beglasi…

Yaziwa:

Ubude bokuqala (L ₁ ) = 50 cm

Ubude bokugqibela (L ₂ ) = 50.09 cm

Utshintsho kubude ( Δ L) = 50.2 cm – 50 cm = 0.09 cm

I-coefficient yokwandiswa okuthe ngqo (α) = 9 x 10 ^{-6 o} C ^-1

Ubushushu bokuqala (T ₁ ) = 25 ^o C

Okufunwayo: Ubushushu bokugqibela ( _T2 )

Isisombululo:

ΔL = α L ₁ ΔT

Δ L = α L ₁ (T ₂ – T ₁ )

0.09 cm = ( 9 x 10 ^{-6 o} C) (50 cm )(T ₂ – 25 ^o C)

0.09 = (45 x 10 ^-5 )(T ₂ – 25)

0.09 / (45 x 10 ^-5 ) = T ₂ – 25

0.002 x 10 ⁵ = T ₂ – 25

2 x 10 ² = T ₂ – 25

200 = T ₂ – 25

T ₂ = 200 + 25

T ₂ = 225 ^o C

Ubushushu bokugqibela buyi- 225 ^o C.

[irp]

4. Ubude bokuqala besinyithi yimitha e-1 kwaye ubude bokugqibela yi-1.02 m. Utshintsho kubushushu yi- 50 Kelvin. Fumana i-coefficient yokwandiswa okuthe ngqo!

Yaziwa:

Ubude bokuqala (L ₁ ) = 1 imitha

Ubude bokugqibela (L ₂ ) = 1.02 yeemitha

Utshintsho kubude ( Δ L) = L ₂ – L ₁ = 1.02 yeemitha – 1 imitha = 0.02 yeemitha

Utshintsho kubushushu (ΔT ) = 50 Kelvin = 50 ^o C

Okufunwayo: I-coefficient yokwandiswa okuthe ngqo

Isisombululo:

Δ L = α L ₁ ΔT

0.02 m = α (1 m ) (50 ^o C)

0.02 = α ( 50 ^o C)

α = 0.02 / 50 ^o C

α = 0.0004 ^o C ^-1

α = 4 x 10 ^{-4 o} C ^-1

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1. Ukuguqula izikali zobushushu
2. Ukwandiswa komgca
3. Ukwandiswa kwendawo
4. Ukwandiswa komthamo
5. ubushushu
6. Ubushushu obufana noomatshini
7. Ubushushu obuthile kunye nomthamo wobushushu
8. Ubushushu obufihlakeleyo, ubushushu bokudibana, ubushushu bokufuma
9. Ukonga amandla okudlulisa ubushushu