Li-Algorithm tsa Tsamaiso ho Marang-rang
Ho tsamaisa ke karolo ea bohlokoa ea moralo le ts'ebetso ea marang-rang a khomphutha. Ho tsamaisa ho bolela ts'ebetso ea ho fumana tsela e nepahetseng kapa tsela ho tloha ntlheng e 'ngoe ho ea ho e 'ngoe ka har'a marang-rang. Algorithm ea ho tsamaisa ke mokhoa o sebelisoang ke li-router ho fumana tsela e ntle ka ho fetisisa ka har'a marang-rang. Sengoloa sena se tla hlahloba li-algorithms tse fapaneng tsa ho tsamaisa tse bapalang karolo ea bohlokoa ts'ebetsong ea marang-rang, ho kenyeletsoa le vector ea sebaka, boemo ba khokahano, le li-algorithms tsa motsoako.
Pendahuluan
Marangrang a puisano, data e tlameha ho feta lintlheng tse 'maloa tse mahareng ho fihlela moo e eang teng. Ntlha ka 'ngoe ea tsena e tsejoa e le node, 'me ts'ebetso ea ho romela data lipakeng tsa li-node tsena e hloka algoriti ea ho tsamaisa. Ka ho sebelisa algoriti ea ho tsamaisa, router e ka fumana tsela e sebetsang hantle le e potlakileng ka ho fetisisa ea ho romela lipakete tsa data.
Li-algorithm tsa ho tsamaisa li sebetsa ho latela litekanyo tse 'maloa tse kang sebaka, litšenyehelo, bandwidth, tieho, mojaro, le tse ling. Ho khetha algorithm e nepahetseng ea ho tsamaisa litsamaiso ho bohlokoa bakeng sa ho boloka ts'ebetso ea marang-rang le ts'epo.
Likarolo tsa Algorithm ea Tsela
Li-algorithms tsa ho tsamaisa li ka aroloa ka mefuta e 'maloa ho latela litekanyetso tse itseng, tse kang mokhoa oa ntlafatso ea tlhahisoleseling, mofuta oa marang-rang o tšehetsoeng, le liparamente tsa ntlafatso.
1. Algorithm ea Vector ea Sebaka
Algorithm ea Distance Vector ke e 'ngoe ea mekhoa ea pele le e bonolo ka ho fetisisa ea ho tsamaisa. Mohlala o tsebahalang oa algorithm ena ke Routing Information Protocol (RIP).
Melao-motheo ea Motheo
Algorithm ena e sebetsa ka ho etsa hore router ka 'ngoe e boloke tafole ea ho tsamaisa e nang le sete ea litsela tse ka khonehang le ho bontša libaka tse itseng tse eang libakeng tse itseng. Litafole tsena li ntlafatsoa nako le nako ka ho romella tlhahisoleseling ea litsela ho baahelani ba router. Ts'ebetso ea ntlafatso e kenyelletsa mehato e meraro e meholo:
– Ho qala: Router e 'ngoe le e 'ngoe ea tseba hore sebaka ho eona ke lefela 'me sebaka ho router efe kapa efe e hokahaneng ka ho toba le eona ke litšenyehelo tsa sehokelo seo.
– Phapanyetsano ea Litsela: Router e 'ngoe le e 'ngoe e romela tafole ea eona ea litsela nako le nako ho li-router tse haufi.
– Lintlafatso tsa Tafole: Router e 'ngoe le e 'ngoe e fumana tlhahisoleseling ho baahelani ba eona 'me, haeba e fumana tsela e khuts'oane ho ea moo e eang teng, e ntlafatsa tafole ea eona ea ho tsamaisa.
Melemo le Mefokolo
Molemo o moholo oa algorithm ea Distance Vector ke bonolo ba eona. Leha ho le joalo, e na le mathata a 'maloa, joalo ka mathata a ho kopana butle le monyetla oa ho tsamaisa li-loop, moo data e lulang e potoloha marang-rang ntle le ho fihla moo e eang teng.
2. Algorithm ea Naha ea Khokahano
Ho sebetsana le mefokolo ea Distance Vector, ho ile ha qaptjoa li-algorithm tsa Link State. Mohlala oa ts'ebetsong ena ea algorithm ke Open Shortest Path First (OSPF).
Melao-motheo ea Motheo
Ka hara algoritime ena, router e 'ngoe le e 'ngoe e na le setšoantšo se felletseng sa topology ea marang-rang 'me e bala tsela e ntle ka ho fetisisa ho latela tlhaiso-leseling eo. Mehato e akaretsang ho algoritime ea Link State e kenyelletsa:
– Ho qala: Router e 'ngoe le e 'ngoe e fana ka boemo ba khokahano le baahelani bohle ba eona ba haufi, ho kenyeletsoa le litšenyehelo tsa khokahano.
– Phapanyetsano ea Tlhahisoleseling: Li-router li hasanya tlhahisoleseling ea boemo ba lihokelo ho li-router tse ling tsohle tse marang-rang ka lipakete tsa Link State Advertisements (LSA).
– Sebopeho sa 'Mapa oa Marang-rang: Ka li-LSA tse amohetsoeng, router ka 'ngoe e haha' mapa o felletseng oa marang-rang.
– Palo ea Litsela: Hang ha 'mapa o felletseng oa marang-rang o se o thehiloe, algorithm ea Dijkstra kapa algorithm e tšoanang e sebelisoa ho bala tsela e khutšoanyane ho ea moo ho eang teng.
Melemo le Mefokolo
Di-algorithms tsa boemo ba kgokelo di potlakile ha di kopana mme di hanela di-routing loops haholoanyane. Leha ho le jwalo, di rarahane haholo mme di hloka mehlodi e mengata, ho kenyeletswa le memori le dipalo.
3. Algorithm e kopantsoeng
Di-algorithm tsa ho tsamaisa tsela tse kopaneng di kopanya dikarolo tse ntle ka ho fetisisa tsa Distance Vector le Link State. Mohlala o mong wa algorithm e kopaneng ke Enhanced Interior Gateway Routing Protocol (EIGRP).
Melao-motheo ea Motheo
Mohlala, EIGRP e sebedisa karolo ya Distance Vector ho aba tlhahisoleseding ya tsela empa hape e kenyelletsa dikarolo tse ding tsa Link State, tse kang dintlafatso tsa karolo ya topology le palobotjha ya karolo. Sena se dumella EIGRP ho:
– E hlahisa kopano e potlakileng ho feta diprothokholo tsa Distance Vector tse hlwekileng.
– E qoba mojaro o phahameng o atisang ho fumanoa liprothokholeng tsa Link State.
Melemo le Mefokolo
Li-algorithm tse kopantsoeng li fana ka tekano pakeng tsa lebelo la ho kopana le katleho ea mehloli. Leha ho le joalo, ts'ebetsong ea tsona e rarahane ho feta algorithm e bonolo ea Distance Vector.
Liparamitha tsa Metric ho Routing
Khetho ea tsela e nepahetseng e itšetlehile ka litekanyo tse 'maloa tse ka sebelisoang ke algorithm ea ho tsamaisa:
– Sebaka: Hangata se balwa ka "palo ea ho tlola" kapa ho tlola pakeng tsa li-node.
– Bandwidth: E fana ka litsela tse nang le bokgoni bo phahameng ka ho fetisisa.
– Tieho: Khetha tsela ho latela bonyane ba nako ea ho tsamaea.
– Ho Tšepahala: Beha pele litsela tse tsitsitseng le tse tšepahalang haholoanyane.
– Mojaro: E aba sephethephethe ka ho lekana ho qoba ho imetsa batho ka bongata.
Mekhoa e mengata ea sejoale-joale ea ho tsamaisa litsela e lumella tšebeliso ea motsoako oa litekanyo tse 'maloa ho fumana tsela e molemohali.
Qetello
Li-algorithm tsa ho tsamaisa li bapala karolo ea bohlokoa katlehong le botšepehing ba marang-rang a likhomphutha. Ha li khetholle feela tsela e ntle ka ho fetisisa bakeng sa ho fana ka data empa hape li ikamahanya le maemo a fetohang a marang-rang. Khetho e ntle ka ho fetisisa ea algorithm ea ho tsamaisa e itšetlehile ka litlhoko tse khethehileng tsa marang-rang a amehang, ho kenyeletsoa boholo, ho fumaneha ha mehloli, kapa litekanyetso tse ling.
Lefatšeng la litlhoko tsa puisano tsa data tse lulang li fetoha, kutloisiso e felletseng ea li-algorithm tsa ho tsamaisa le lits'ebetso tsa tsona ke letsete la bohlokoa bakeng sa litsebi tsa marang-rang. Ka li-algorithm tse fapaneng tse fumanehang, ho kenyeletsoa Distance Vector, Link State, le li-algorithm tse kopantsoeng, ho na le tharollo e etselitsoeng hoo e ka bang phephetso e 'ngoe le e 'ngoe ea marang-rang.
