Mekhoa ea Lipatlisiso Thutong ea Thuto ea Botho ea Tšobotsi
Thuto ea kahisano, e le saense e ithutang sechaba, likamano tsa sechaba le nts'etsopele ea meaho ea sechaba, e na le mekhoa e fapaneng ea lipatlisiso. E 'ngoe ea mekhoa e meholo thutong ea kahisano ke mekhoa ea boleng. Mekhoa ea lipatlisiso tsa boleng thutong ea kahisano e ikemiselitse ho utloisisa liketsahalo tsa kahisano ho latela pono ea barupeluoa, e totobatsa ho rarahana, botebo le ho kenya tšebetsong liphihlelo tsa batho. Sengoloa sena se tla tšohla mekhoa e fapaneng ea lipatlisiso tsa boleng e sebelisoang khafetsa thutong ea kahisano, ho kenyeletsoa le ho shebella barupeluoa, lipuisano tse tebileng, lipatlisiso tsa morabe, tlhahlobo ea pale le lithuto tsa linyeoe.
Tlhokomelo ea Bankakarolo
Ho shebella barupeluoa ke e 'ngoe ea mekhoa ea khale ka ho fetisisa le ea bohlokoa ka ho fetisisa ea boleng lipatlisisong tsa sechaba. Mokhoeng ona, bafuputsi ba nka karolo mesebetsing ea letsatsi le letsatsi ea batho ba ithutoang. Mokhoa ona o lumella bafuputsi ho ba le phihlelo e tobileng ea bophelo ba sehlopha sa sechaba se ithutoang, ho utloisisa likamano le boitšoaro maemong a tlhaho.
Sepheo se seholo sa ho shebella barupeluoa ke ho fumana temohisiso e tebileng le e akaretsang ka taba ea lipatlisiso. Bafuputsi hangata ba ngola lintho tseo ba li boneng ka mokhoa oa lintlha tsa tšimo, ebe li hlahlojoa ho khetholla mekhoa le lihlooho tsa bohlokoa. E 'ngoe ea liphephetso tsa mokhoa ona ke ho boloka teka-tekano lipakeng tsa ho kenya letsoho ha barupeluoa le ho se nke lehlakore ha mofuputsi.
Puisano e Tebileng
Lipuisano tse tebileng ke mokhoa o mong oa bohlokoa lipatlisisong tsa boleng o lumellang bafuputsi ho fumana kutloisiso e tebileng ea maikutlo a batho ka bomong, maikutlo le liphihlelo. Lipuisano tsena hangata li hlophisitsoe hanyane, 'me mofuputsi o fana ka lipotso tse 'maloa tse tataisang empa hape o lumella barupeluoa ho buisana ka bolokolohi ka lihlooho tse amehang.
Molemo o ka sehloohong oa lipuisano tse tebileng ke bokhoni ba tsona ba ho hlahisa tlhahisoleseling e rarahaneng le e tebileng e ka 'nang ea se ke ea hlaha phuputsong kapa lipotsong tsa lipotso. Leha ho le joalo, mokhoa ona o boetse o hloka tsebo e ntle ea puisano le kutloisiso ho sebetsana le mathata a maikutlo kapa a botho a ka hlahang nakong ea lipuisano.
Patlisiso ea Litso
Patlisiso ea setso ke mokhoa o pharaletseng le o tebileng haholoanyane oa boleng, oo bafuputsi ba qetang nako e telele le sehlopha kapa sechaba se itseng ho fumana kutloisiso e felletseng ea setso sa sona. Hangata thuto ea setso e kenyelletsa motsoako oa mekhoa e kang lipuisano tse tebileng, tlhokomelo ea barupeluoa le tlhahlobo ea litokomane.
Hangata thuto ea morabe e hlahisa litlhaloso tse ruileng le tse qaqileng tsa mekhoa ea sechaba, meetlo, likamano le meaho ea matla ka har'a sehlopha se ithutoang. Mohlala o motle oa lipatlisiso tsa morabe ke thuto ea Bronisław Malinowski ea batho ba Trobriand ba Papua New Guinea. Mokhoa ona o lumella bafuputsi ho ba le phihlelo le kutloisiso ea lintlha tse qaqileng le matla a bophelo bo rarahaneng ba sechaba, boo hangata bo leng thata ho bo finyella ka mekhoa e meng.
Tlhahlobo ea Lipale
Tlhahlobo ea pale ke mokhoa oa boleng o shebaneng le lipale kapa lipale ka bomong. Mokhoa ona o lemoha hore lipale ke tsela ea mantlha eo batho ba utloisisang le ho fang liphihlelo tsa bona moelelo. Tlhahlobong ea pale, bafuputsi ba bokella lipale tse phetiloeng ke barupeluoa ebe ba sekaseka sebopeho sa tsona, lihlooho le meelelo.
Mokhoa ona o thusa haholo ho utloisisa kamoo batho ka bomong ba hlalosang boitsebahatso ba bona, ba sebetsanang le liphephetso, le ho bona liphetoho maphelong a bona. Tlhahlobo ea pale hangata e sebelisoa lipatlisisong tse amanang le litaba tsa boitsebahatso, maqeba a kelello, ho falla le bokuli. Bothata bo bong ba mokhoa ona ke hore lipale li ka ba tsa maikutlo a motho ka mong haholo 'me tsa itšetleha ka tlhaloso ea barupeluoa, tse hlokang mokhoa o hlokolosi le o hlokolosi oa tlhahlobo.
Studi Kasus
Thuto ea nyeoe ke mokhoa oa lipatlisiso tsa boleng o sebelisang lipatlisiso tse tebileng le tse qaqileng nyeoeng e le 'ngoe kapa tse ngata tikolohong ea sebele. Linyeoe tsena e ka ba batho ka bomong, lihlopha, mekhatlo, kapa liketsahalo tse itseng. Mokhoa ona o lumella bafuputsi ho hapa ho rarahana ha ketsahalo ka har'a moelelo o itseng.
Lithutong tsa linyeoe, mehloli e mengata ea data e sebelisoa hangata, ho kenyeletsoa lipuisano, litebello le litokomane. Mokhoa ona o lumella bafuputsi ho fumana temohisiso e tebileng le e felletseng le ho utloisisa matla a motheo a nyeoe e ithutoang. Bothata bo bong ba mokhoa ona ke hore ho akaretsa liphetho tsa lipatlisiso hangata ho thata ka lebaka la ho tsepamisa maikutlo haholo ho eona.
Triangulation
Triangulation ke mokhoa o atisang ho sebediswa dipatlisisong tsa boleng ho netefatsa bonnete le botshepehi ba data. Moelelong ona, triangulation e bolela tshebediso ya mekgwa e mengata kapa mehlodi ya data ho hlahloba ho tsitsa ha diphetho tsa dipatlisiso.
Mohlala, bafuputsi ba ka sebelisa motsoako oa lipuisano tse tebileng, tlhokomelo ea barupeluoa le litokomane tse ngotsoeng ho fumana setšoantšo se akaretsang le se nepahetseng haholoanyane sa ketsahalo e ithutoang. Triangulation e thusa ho fokotsa leeme 'me e lumella bafuputsi ho hlahloba tlhahisoleseling, ka hona ho eketsa botšepehi ba liphetho tsa lipatlisiso.
Tlhahlobo ea Khouto le ea Sehlooho
Ho ngola khoutu ke mokhoa oa tlhahlobo ea data ea boleng moo data e arotsoeng ka likarolo tse nyane le ho ngoloa khoutu ho latela lihlooho kapa lihlopha tse itseng. Ho ngola khoutu ena ho ka etsoa ka letsoho kapa ka ho sebelisa software ea tlhahlobo ea data ea boleng joalo ka NVivo kapa Atlas.ti.
Tlhahlobo ea sehlooho ke mohato o latelang oo bafuputsi ba batlang mekhoa kapa lihlooho tse hlahang ho tsoa ho data e ngotsoeng. Ka ho khetholla lihlooho tsena, bafuputsi ba ka fumana litlhaloso tse pharaletseng le liqeto mabapi le ketsahalo e ithutoang.
Reflexivity
Ho tenyetseha ha maikutlo lipatlisisong tsa boleng ho bolela temoho ea bafuputsi le ho nahana ka botebo ka moo maemo le maikutlo a bona a ka susumetsang ts'ebetso ea lipatlisiso. Ho tenyetseha ha maikutlo ke karolo ea bohlokoa ea mekhoa ea lipatlisiso tsa boleng hobane bafuputsi ha ba nke lehlakore ka ho feletseng kapa ha ba nke lehlakore.
Ka ho itloaetsa ho nahana ka tsela e iketsahallang, bafuputsi hangata ba ngola di-memo kapa dikoranta tse bontshang maikutlo a bona ho ngola menahano ya bona, maikutlo le dikarabo nakong yohle ya tshebetso ya dipatlisiso. Tlwaelo ena e thusa bafuputsi ho boloka temoho ya bona le ho sebetsana le leeme le ka bang teng.
Qetello
Mekhoa ea lipatlisiso tsa boleng thutong ea kahisano e fana ka litsela tse fapaneng tsa ho utloisisa le ho hlahloba liketsahalo tsa kahisano ka botebo le moelelo. Ho tloha ho shebello ea barupeluoa ho ea tlhahlobong ea pale, mokhoa o mong le o mong o na le matla le mefokolo e ikhethang. Tšebeliso ea triangulation, coding, le reflexivity e ka thusa ho matlafatsa bonnete le botšepehi ba liphetho tsa lipatlisiso. Ka mekhoa ena, bafuputsi ba ka fetisa temohisiso e ruileng le temohisiso mabapi le matla a rarahaneng a kahisano, ao mekhoa ea lipalo feela e ke keng ea a khona. Kahoo, mekhoa ea lipatlisiso tsa boleng e lula e le lisebelisoa tsa bohlokoa thutong ea kahisano bakeng sa ho utloisisa linnete tse fapaneng le tse matla tsa kahisano.
