Foromo ea tjhaja ea motlakase le matla a motlakase

Mehlala ea lipotso le mekhoa ea ho tjhaja motlakase le matla a motlakase

Tefiso ea motlakase

1. Liqoso tse peli tse tšoanang, e 'ngoe le e 'ngoe e nang le boima ba m = 9√3 x 10 ^-4 kg, li fanyehoa sebakeng se le seng ho sebelisoa thapo e bolelele ba l = 1 meter. Haeba liqoso tse peli li arotsoe ka sebaka sa a = 1 meter, joale boholo ba qoso ka 'ngoe ke….

A. Li-microcoulomb tse 4
B. Li-microcoulomb tse 2
C. 1 microcoulomb
D. 0,5 microcoulomb

Puisano
Hoa tsebahala hore:
Liqoso tse peli tse tšoanang li bolela liqoso tse peli tse tšoanang, moo liqoso tse tšoanang li phephetsanang.
Bolelele ba thapo (l) = 1 mithara
Sebaka se pakeng tsa litefiso tse peli (r) = 1 meter
Boima ba tjhaja (m) = 9√3 x 10^-4 kg
Ho potlaka ka lebaka la matla a khoheli (g) = 10 m/s²
Matla a khoheli (w) = mg = (9√3 x 10^-4 kg)(10 m/s²) = 9√3 x 10^-3 Newton
E botsitsoe : Boholo ba tefiso ka 'ngoe (q)
Karabo:

Tlhaloso:
F = Matla a motlakase a nyonyehang pakeng tsa meroalo ea 1 le ea 2
w₁ = Matla a khoheli a bolo 1
w₂ = Matla a khoheli a bolo 2
T₁ = Matla a kgatello ya thapo 1
T_1x = Karolo ea matla a khatello ea thapo ea 1 ho x-axis
T_1y = Karolo ea matla a khatello ea thapo ea 1 ho al-axis ea y
T₂ = Matla a kgatello ya thapo 2
T_2x = Karolo ea matla a khatello ea thapo ea 2 ho x-axis
T_2y = Karolo ea matla a khatello ea thapo ea 2 ho al-axis ea y
l₁ = bolelele ba thapo 1
l_1x = karolo ea bolelele ba khoele ho x-axis
l_1y = karolo ea bolelele ba khoele ho al-axis ea y

Bala boleng ba cos θ:

Bala matla a kgatello ya thapo (T ₁ ):

Bala boleng ba sin θ:

Bala karolo ea matla a khatello thapong e ho x-axis (T _1x ):

Libolo tse peli li leka-lekane hoo T _1x = F = 9 x 10 ^-3 Newton

Bala tefiso ea bolo ka 'ngoe u sebelisa foromo ea molao ea Coulomb:

Boholo ba tefiso ka 'ngoe ke 1 x 10^-6 Coulomb kapa 1 microCoulomb.
Karabo e nepahetseng ke C.

Ho etsa ntho e tjhajwang ka motlakase

1. Litsela tse peli tsa ho fana ka tjhaja ya motlakase nthong ke….
A. Ho hohla le motlakase
B. Ho kenya le ho sebelisa motlakase
C. Ho hohla le ho kenya tshebetsong
D. Ho kenya le ho etsa hore makenete e be teng
Puisano
Litsela tse peli tsa ho fana ka tjhaja ya motlakase nthong ke ho hohla le ho kenya tshebetsong.
Ho hohla ke mokhoa oa ho etsa hore ntho e be le tjhaja ea motlakase e ntle kapa e mpe ka ho hohla ntho ka ntho e 'ngoe, mohlala, ho hohla thupa ea khalase ka ulu kapa ho hohla sekama sa polasetiki ka moriri o omileng. Nakong ea khohlano, lielektrone li tsamaea ho tloha nthong e 'ngoe ho ea ho e 'ngoe hoo ntho e 'ngoe e nang le lielektrone tse ngata (tse haellang liprotheine) ebe e ba le tjhaja e mpe 'me ntho e 'ngoe e na le khaello ea lielektrone (e haellang liprotheine) ebe e ba le tjhaja e ntle.
Ho kenya ntho e chajileng ke mokhoa oa ho etsa hore ntho e chajileng e be haufi le bolo ea tšepe e sa nke lehlakore, empa ntle le ho e ama. Ntho e lokelang ho chajiloa e tlameha ho ba le lielektrone tse lokolohileng, kaha lielektrone tsena tse lokolohileng li ka tsamaea ha li susumetsoa ke ntho e chajileng ka motlakase. Lintho tsa tšepe ka kakaretso li na le lielektrone tse lokolohileng. Lintho tse kang khalase, polasetiki, kapa lehong li ke ke tsa etsoa hore li chajiloe ka motlakase ka ho kenya hobane lintho tsena ha li na lielektrone tse lokolohileng.
Karabo e nepahetseng ke C.

Mefuta ea tjhaja ea motlakase

2. Lintho tse 'ne tse tjhajwang (P, Q, R le S) di itshwara ka tsela e latelang. P le Q di a feretsana, P le R di a hohelana, R le S di a feretsana. Ke efe ho tse latelang e nepahetseng?
A. Haeba P e tjhajilwe hampe, S e tjhajilwe hampe.
B. Haeba Q e tjhajilwe ka tsela e fosahetseng, S e tjhajilwe ka tsela e fosahetseng.
C. Haeba R e tjhajilwe hampe, P e tjhajilwe hampe
D. Haeba S e tjhajilwe hampe, P e tjhajilwe hantle.
Puisano
P le Q ba a phephetsana hobane P le Q ba na le tjhaja e tshwanang.
P le R lia hohelana, ka hona P le R li na le litefiso tse sa tšoaneng
R le S lia hanyetsana, ka hona R le S li na le tjhaja e tšoanang

Kahoo haeba P le Q li tjhajisoa ka nepo, R le S li tjhajisoa ka nepo kapa haeba P le Q li tjhajisoa ka nepo, R le S li tjhajisoa ka nepo.
Karabo e nepahetseng ke D.

3. Lipotso tsa Olympiad ea Saense ea Naha ea 2011 bakeng sa Likolo tse Phahameng tsa Bana ba Banyenyane Boemong ba Regency/Toropo No. 59
Ho thoe ntho e tla be e tjhajilwe hantle haeba...
A. Ntho e fumana liprothone
B. Ntho e lokolla liprothone
C. Lintho li amohela lielektrone
D. Lintho li lokolla lielektrone
Puisano
Liprothone li tjhajwa ka tsela e ntle, ha lielektrone li tjhajwa ka tsela e mpe. Liprothone li bohareng ba liathomo, e leng se li thibelang ho tloha nthong e 'ngoe ho ea ho e 'ngoe. Lielektrone, ka lehlakoreng le leng, li holim'a liathomo, e leng se li lumellang ho tsamaea ho tloha nthong e 'ngoe ho ea ho e 'ngoe. Lintho li tjhajwa ka motlakase ka ho lokolla lielektrone kapa ho fumana lielektrone. Haeba ntho e fumana lielektrone, e na le lielektrone tse ngata (khaello ea liprothone), e leng se fellang ka tjhaja e mpe. Haeba ntho e lokolla lielektrone, e na le lielektrone tse ngata (liprothone tse ngata), e leng se fellang ka tjhaja e ntle.
Kahoo ho latela potso e ka hodimo, ho thwe ntho e na le tjhaja e ntle haeba ntho e lokolla dielektrone.
Karabo e nepahetseng ke D.

Matla a motlakase

4. Litefiso tse peli tsa motlakase tsa Q ka 'ngoe₁ le Q₂ e hole R e na le matla a ho kgutlisa a 100 N. Haeba sebaka se pakeng tsa ditefiso tse pedi se fokotswa ho 1/3 R, jwale matla a ho kgutlisa a ditefiso tsa motlakase a fetoha….
A. 33,33 N
B. 100 N
C. 300 N
D. 900 N
Puisano
Hoa tsebahala hore:
Tefiso ea motlakase 1 = Q₁
Tefiso ea motlakase 2 = Q₂
Sebaka se pakeng tsa litefiso tse peli = R
Matla a kgutlisang pakeng tsa diqoso tse pedi (F) = 100 Newtons
Matla a ho kgutlisa a bolela hore ditefiso tsa motlakase ka bobedi ke tsa mofuta o le mong, tse ntle kapa tse mpe.
E botsitsoe: Haeba sebaka se pakeng tsa litefiso tse peli se fokotsehile ho 1/3 R, joale matla a phephetsang a tjhaja ea motlakase a fetoha...
Karabo:
Foromo ea molao oa Coulomb:
F = k Q₁ Q₂ / R₂
A re re R = 1 ebe boleng ba Q₁.Q₂ e ka baloa:

Haeba sebaka se pakeng tsa litefiso tse peli se fokotsehile ho 1/3 R, joale matla a phephetsang a tefo ea motlakase (F) e ba:

Karabo e nepahetseng ke D.

5. Tefiso ea lintlha Q₁ = +4e le tefiso ea lintlha Q₂ = -3e li tšoaretsoe sebakeng sa 0,3 m ho tloha ho e mong, joalo ka ha ho bontšitsoe setšoantšong se ka tlase. E le hore matla a motlakase a sebetse holim'a tjhaja Q₂ ke lefela, tefiso ea ntlha Q₃ = +16e e lokela ho beoa ka hare ho….
A. 0,3 m ka letsohong le letšehali la Q₁
B. 0,6 m ka letsohong le letona la Q₁
C. 0,6 m ka letsohong le letona la Q₂
D. 0,9 m ka letsohong le letšehali la Q₂
Puisano
Hoa tsebahala hore:
Tefiso ea elektrone (-e) kapa proton (+e) = 1,60 x 10^-19 Coulomb
Tefiso ea lintlha Q₁ = +4e
Tefiso ea lintlha Q₂ = -3e
Tefiso ea lintlha Q₃ = +16e
Sebaka se pakeng tsa lintlha tse qosang Q₁ le tefiso ea lintlha Q₂ = 0,3 limithara
Potso: E le hore matla a motlakase a sebetse hodima tjhaja Q₂ ke lefela, tefiso ea ntlha Q₃ = +16e e lokela ho beoa ka hare ho….
Karabo:
Matla a motlakase pakeng tsa litefiso Q₁ le tefiso Q₂ :

Tefiso Q ₁ e ntle mme tefiso Q ₂ e mpe kahoo tataiso ya matla a motlakase F ₁₂ e ka letsohong le letshehadi (ho ya tefiso Q ₁ ).

E le hore matla a motlakase a hlahang a sebetse hodima tjhaja Q₂ ke lefela joale boholo ba matla a motlakase pakeng tsa litefiso Q₂ le tefiso Q₃ (F₃₂) = boholo ba matla a motlakase pakeng tsa litefiso Q₁ le tefiso Q₂ (F₁₂) le tataiso F₃₂ e tlameha ho ba khahlanong le tataiso ea F₁₂. Tataiso F₁₂ ka letsohong le letšehali ke moo ho eang F₃₂ e tlameha ho tsamaea hantle. Hopola Q₃ e ntle 'me Q₂ ke tjhaja e mpe, e le hore tataiso ya F₃₂ ka ho le letona ebe ho tjhaja Q₃ e tlameha ho beoa ka letsohong le letona la Q₂

Sebaka se pakeng tsa tefiso Q ₂ le tefiso Q ₃ se baloa ho sebelisoa foromo ea molao ea Coulomb:

Karabo e nepahetseng ke C.

Mohloli oa lipotso:

Lipotso tsa OSN tsa Fisiks ea Sekolo se Phahameng sa Junior