Thuto ea ho Etsa Radio e Bonolo ho e Latela
Ho haha seea-le-moea se bonolo ha ho fane feela ka tsebo ea motheo ea lisebelisoa tsa elektroniki empa hape ho fana ka maikutlo a khotsofalo ha u ka mamela likhaso tsa seea-le-moea ho tsoa sesebelisoa se entsoeng hae. Sengoloa sena se tla fana ka tataiso e bonolo ho e latela, mohato ka mohato ea ho haha seea-le-moea se bonolo. Thupelo ena e loketse ba qalang le ba nang le kutloisiso ea motheo ea lisebelisoa tsa elektroniki.
Selelekela ho Likarolo tsa Motheo
Pele o qala ho haha seea-le-moea, ho bohlokoa ho utloisisa likarolo tsa motheo tseo re tla li sebelisa. Tsena ke likarolo tsa bohlokoa bakeng sa ho haha seea-le-moea se bonolo:
1. Resistor: Karolo e sebetsang ho thibela motlakase potolohong. Hangata e hlahisoa ka Ohms (Ω).
2. Capacitor: Karolo e bolokang le ho ntsha matla a motlakase ka nako e kgutshwane. Bokgoni ba yona bo hlaloswa ka Farads (F).
3. Inductor: Karolo e bolokang matla ka sebopeho sa matla a makenete ha motlakase o feta ho ona.
4. Transistor: Karolo e sebediswang e le amplifier, switch, kapa oscillator dipotolohong tsa elektroniki.
5. Diode: Karolo e dumellang motlakase ho phalla ka lehlakoreng le le leng feela.
6. Antenna: E sebediswa ho amohela matshwao a radio a tswang moyeng.
7. Thapo e Hokelang: Thapo e hokelang dikarolo tse potolohong ya seyalemoya.
Mehato ea ho Etsa Seea-le-moea
Mehato e qaqileng ea ho etsa seea-le-moea se bonolo ke ena:
1. Lokisa Lisebelisoa le Lisebelisoa
Pele o qala ho kopanya, etsa bonnete ba hore o lokisitse lisebelisoa le thepa tse latelang:
– Boto ea bohobe: Ho hlophisa likarolo ka nakoana.
– Likhoele tsa Jumper: Ho hokela likarolo holim'a boto ea bohobe.
– Li-resistor tsa 1 kΩ le 10 kΩ
– Li-capacitor tsa 10 µF le 100 pF
– 0.1 mH inductor
– Transistor ea NPN (mohlala, BC548)
– Germanium diode (mohlala, 1N34A)
– Antenna (terata e telele)
– Mohloli oa matla oa 9V (betri)
– Libui tse nyane kapa li-earphone
– Tšepe e kopanyang le e kopanyang (haeba ho hlokahala)
2. Ho kopanya Potoloho ea Moamoheli oa Matšoao
Potoloho ea motheo ea seea-le-moea e na le likarolo tse 'maloa, e leng moamoheli oa lets'oao, seholisa-molumo, le se lokisang molumo.
Moamoheli oa Matshwao:
1. Hokela antenna pheletsong e 'ngoe ea inductor.
2. Hokela pheletso e 'ngoe ea inductor ho capacitor ea 100 pF, ebe u hokela capacitor fatše.
3. Ho kopanya Potoloho ea Rectifier
Seteishene sa ho lokisa se tla fetola letshwao la maqhubu a seea-le-moea (RF) hore e be letshwao la modumo le utlwahalang.
1. Hokela diode ea germanium ea 1N34A pakeng tsa pheletso ea inductor e hokahantsoeng le capacitor le fatše.
2. Kenya capacitor ea 10 µF ka ho lekana le diode (anode ho ea fatše 'me u cathode ho capacitor ea 100 pF).
4. Ho kopanya Sedikadikwe sa Amplifier
Potoloho ea amplifier e na le li-transistors le likarolo tse 'maloa tse tšehetsang.
1. Hokela leoto la pokello la transistor ea NPN pheletsong e 'ngoe ea resistor ea 10 kΩ.
2. Hokela pheletso e 'ngoe ea resistor ea 10 kΩ ho mohloli oa motlakase o motle (+9V).
3. Hokela leoto la emitter la transistor fatshe.
4. Hokela capacitor ea 10 µF pakeng tsa leoto la motheo la transistor le anode ea diode.
5. Hokela sebui se senyenyane kapa sebui sa tsebe pakeng tsa leoto la ho bokella la transistor le mobu.
5. Lisebelisoa tse hokelang
Hokela mohloli oa motlakase oa 9V potolohong:
1. Hokela terminal e ntle ea betri qetellong ea resistor ea 10 kΩ e sa hokahanngoang le transistor.
2. Hokela terminal e mpe ea betri mobung oa potoloho.
6. Teko le ho Lokisa
Hang ha potoloho e se e kopantswe, ke nako ea ho leka radio ea hau ea lapeng.
1. Bulela potoloho ka ho hokela betri ea 9V. Hlahloba likarolo life kapa life tse chesang kapa tse tsubang. Haeba ho joalo, e time hang-hang 'me u hlahlobe hape likhokahano.
2. Haeba ho se na mathata, leka ho beha antenna sebakeng se bulehileng ho fumana lets'oao le matla.
3. Fetola boemo ba antenna le capacitor e feto-fetohang (haeba e le teng) ho fumana maqhubu a seea-le-moea a hlakileng ka ho fetisisa.
4. Mamela liphetho tsa phatlalatso ka libui kapa li-earphone.
Malebela a Eketsehileng
1. Ho Ngola Likarolo: Etsa bonnete ba hore o ngolla karolo ka 'ngoe ho qoba pherekano. Sena se tla etsa hore ho be bonolo ho bala le ho latela moralo oa potoloho.
2. Ho kopanya ka ho tjheseletsa: Haeba o batla ho kopanya ka ho sa feleng, sebedisa tshepe ya ho kopanya le PCB. Etsa bonnete ba hore o kopanya ka hloko ho qoba dipotoloho tse kgutshwane.
3. Antenna: Boleng ba antena bo ama matla kapa bofokodi ba lets'oao le amohetsoeng haholo. Ho molemo ho sebelisa terata e telele hore antena e amohele mats'oao a mangata.
4. Ho thella: Ho thella hantle ho tla thusa ho fokotsa lerata le ho ntlafatsa boleng ba lets'oao. Etsa bonnete ba hore potoloho e thella hantle.
Ho koala
Ho haha seea-le-moea se bonolo ke projeke e monate le e rutang haholo. Re tšepa hore, ka mehato e ka holimo, u tla khona ho kopanya seea-le-moea se ka sebelisoang ho mamela likhaso tsa seea-le-moea tsa lehae. Ho feta moo, phihlelo ena e tla boela e ntlafatse kutloisiso ea hau ea metheo ea lisebelisoa tsa elektroniki le kamoo likarolo li sebetsang kateng potolohong. Mahlohonolo, le mahlohonolo!
