Likarolo tse ka har'a Turbine ea Moea Nacelle
Liturbine tsa moea ke e 'ngoe ea lintho tse ncha tsa theknoloji tse fetohileng ka ho fetisisa tse sebelisoang ho hlahisa matla a hloekileng. Litsamaiso tsena li sebelisa matla a moea ho fetola mahare a liturbine, ebe li fetola matla a kinetic hore e be matla a motlakase. E 'ngoe ea likarolo tsa bohlokoa tsa turbine ea moea ke nacelle—kesi e sireletsang likarolo tsa mechine le tsa elektroniki tse fetolang matla a moea hore e be motlakase.
Ho utloisisa Nacelle
Nacelle ea turbine ea moea ke sebopeho se bōpehileng joaloka khapu e lutseng holim'a tora 'me e tšehetsa mahare a turbine. Nacelle e bapala karolo ea bohlokoa ho sireletseng le ho tšehetsa likarolo tse 'maloa tsa bohlokoa tse ikarabellang bakeng sa phetoho ea matla. Le hoja e ka bonahala e le bonolo ho tloha kantle, karolo e ka hare ea nacelle e na le lisebelisoa le litsamaiso tse fapaneng tse rarahaneng. Sehloohong sena, re tla tšohla likarolo tsa mantlha tsa nacelle ea turbine ea moea.
1. Rotor le Moqomo o Moholo
Rotor ke karolo ea turbine ea moea e nang le mahare a turbine. Mahare ana ke karolo e tsebahalang haholo ea turbine ea moea, e potolohang ha e pepesehetse moea.
– Mahare a Turbine: Hangata a entsoe ka thepa e kopaneng joalo ka fiberglass kapa carbon fiber. A entsoe ka mokhoa oa aerodynamic ho eketsa bokhoni ba ho hapa matla a moea.
– Moqomo o Moholo: Rotor e hokahantsoe le moqomo o moholo, e leng moqomo o matla, o potolohang o fetisang matla a mechini ho tloha mahareng a rotor ho ea jenereithara. Moqomo o moholo hangata o hokahanya rotor le sistimi ea ho fetola li-gear.
2. Sistimi ea Lebokose la Gear
Lebokose la gear ke karolo ea bohlokoa e eketsang lebelo la ho potoloha ha mahare a turbine. Mahare a turbine hangata a potoloha ka lebelo le tlase, pakeng tsa 10 le 20 revolutions ka motsotso (RPM), empa lijenereithara li hloka lebelo le phahameng ho hlahisa motlakase ka katleho, hangata ho tloha ho 1.000 ho isa ho 1.500 RPM.
– Mosebetsi: Lebokose la gear le eketsa lebelo la ho potoloha ka letoto la li-gear tse potlakisang ho potoloha ha shaft e kholo pele e ajoa ho jenereithara.
– Mefuta ea Gearbox: Ho na le mefuta e 'maloa ea li-gearbox, ho kenyeletsoa li-gearbox tsa polanete, tsa helical le tsa worm, e 'ngoe le e 'ngoe e na le melemo le mathata a eona ho latela moralo oa turbine le litlhoko tsa matla.
3. Jenereithara
Jenereithara ke karolo e fetolang matla a mechini ho tloha shaft e kgolo ho ba matla a motlakase. Ho na le mefuta e mmalwa ya dijenereithara tse sebediswang diturbineng tsa moya:
– Jenereithara ea Induction: E sebelisoa hangata ka lebaka la litšenyehelo tsa eona tse tlase le ho tšoarella haholo.
– Jenereithara e lumellanang: E ka fana ka botsitso bo betere ba maqhubu le katleho e phahameng ha e bapisoa le jenereithara ea induction.
– Jenereithara ea Magnet ea Kamehla: E na le bokhoni bo phahameng le litšenyehelo tse tlase tsa tlhokomelo empa e bitsa chelete e ngata ho e etsa qalong.
4. Sistimi ea ho Sebetsa ka Li-brake
Sistimi ea ho brake ka har'a turbine ea moea e thusa ho thibela rotor ho potoloha ha moea o le mongata haholo kapa ha ho hlokahala tlhokomelo.
– Ho brakea ha Aerodynamic: Sena se kenyeletsa ho potoloha mahare a turbine ho fokotsa lebelo la ho potoloha.
– Ho Sebetsa ka Metjhini: Ho sebedisa di-disc le di-pad tsa brake ho fokotsa kapa ho emisa rotor ka mmele.
5. Sistimi ea ho Pholisa
Lijenereithara le li-gearbox li hlahisa mocheso o mongata ha li sebetsa, kahoo sistimi ea ho pholisa ea hlokahala ho boloka likarolo tsa mechini li sebetsa hantle le ho thibela tšenyo e bakoang ke ho chesa haholo.
– Moea o Pholisang: Li-turbine tse ngata tsa moea li sebelisa litsamaiso tsa ho pholisa tse thehiloeng moeeng hobane li bonolo ebile ha li theko e boima.
– Sepholi sa Metsi: Se sebediswa diturbineng tse kgolo kapa bakeng sa dibaka tse feteletseng. Sistimi ena e sebedisa maro a ikgethang a kang oli kapa metsi/glycol ho phodisa dikarolo.
6. Sistimi ea ho tlotsa
Ho tlotsa ho bohlokoa bakeng sa ho fokotsa khohlano likarolong tse fapaneng tsa mechini tse kang li-gearbox le li-bearing. Sena se ntlafatsa katleho ea ts'ebetso le ho lelefatsa bophelo ba likarolo.
– E Iketsang: Liturbine tse ngata tsa moea tsa sejoale-joale li na le litsamaiso tsa ho tlotsa ka boiketsetso tse laolang le ho beha leihlo setlotsa ka ho tsoelang pele.
– Ka letsoho: Litsamaisong tse ling tse bonolo kapa tsa khale, ho tlotsa ho etsoa ka letsoho 'me ho hloka tlhahlobo ea kamehla.
7. Mekhoa ea Taolo le Tlhokomelo ea Elektroniki
Ho netefatsa hore liturbine tsa moea li sebetsa hantle le ka mokhoa o sireletsehileng, litsamaiso tsa taolo le tlhokomelo tsa elektroniki lia hlokahala.
– Taolo ea PLC: Lenaneo la Taolo ea Logic le ka Laoloang (PLC) le sebelisetsoa ho laola le ho beha leihlo likarolo tse fapaneng tsa ts'ebetso ea turbine, joalo ka lebelo la moea, boemo ba lehare, le boemo ba jenereithara.
– SCADA: Ditsamaiso tsa Taolo ya Bolaodi le ho Fumana Dintlha (SCADA) di nolofalletsa ho beha leihlo le ho laola diturbine tsa moya hole. Ka di-sensor le software, basebetsi ba ka beha leihlo tshebetso ya turbine mme ba lemoha mathata esale pele.
– Li-sensor: Li-sensor tse fapaneng li sebelisoa ho lemoha lebelo la moea, mocheso, ho thothomela le boemo ba lehare la turbine.
8. Sistimi ea ho hlaba ka letsoho
Sistimi ea yaw e sebelisetsoa ho fetola tsela eo nacelle e shebaneng le eona e le hore mahare a turbine a lule a shebane le moea ho eketsa ts'ebeliso e ntle ea matla.
– Mochini oa Yaw: O khanna nacelle ho potoloha ho latela tataiso ea moea.
– Sensor ea Moea: E lemoha tataiso ea moea le lebelo ho bontša enjene ea yaw ho lokisa boemo ba nacelle.
9. Phetisetso le Transformer
Hangata diturbine tsa moya di hokahantswe le netweke ya phetiso ya motlakase e hlokang di-voltage tse phahameng. Ka hona, transformer e fumanehang kahare kapa haufi le nacelle e sebediswa ho eketsa motlakase o hlahiswang ke jenereithara.
– Transformer: E fetola motlakase o tsoang ho jenereithara ho ea ho motlakase o phahameng bakeng sa phetiso.
– Likhoele le Switchgear: Likhoele tsa motlakase tse hokahanyang jenereithara le transformer le ho fetela pele ho gridi kapa marangrang a kabo ea lehae.
10. Matlo le Meaho
Nacelle e tlameha ho ba matla ka ho lekaneng ho mamella meroalo ea mechini le maemo a leholimo a feteletseng. Ka hona, sebopeho sa ntlo ea nacelle se hahiloe ka thepa e matla le e tšoarellang.
– Thepa: Hangata e entsoe ka tšepe kapa thepa e kopaneng e matla empa e le bobebe.
– Moralo oa Aerodynamic: E fokotsa khanyetso ea moea 'me e eketsa botsitso ka kakaretso ba turbine.
Qetello
Nacelle ea turbine ea moea e na le likarolo tse 'maloa tsa bohlokoa tse sebetsang hammoho ho fetola matla a moea hore e be motlakase o ka sebelisoang. Ho tloha ho rotor le lebokose la li-gear ho ea ho litsamaiso tsa taolo le pholiso tsa elektroniki, karolo ka 'ngoe e bapala karolo ea bohlokoa ho netefatseng hore turbine ea moea e sebetsa ka katleho le ka botšepehi bo phahameng. Ho utloisisa likarolo tsena ho re thusa ho ananela ho rarahana le mohlolo oa theknoloji o re nolofalletsang ho sebelisa matla a moea e le mohloli o hloekileng oa matla a nchafatsoang.
