OBD ke eng le mosebetsi oa eona tlhahlobong ea koloi
Pendahuluan
Tlhahlobo ea On-Board, kapa OBD, ke tekanyetso e sebelisoang litsamaisong tsa taolo ea likoloi tse lumellang beng ba likoloi kapa litsebi tsa litšebeletso ho fihlella boemo ba litsamaiso tse fapaneng tsa likoloi. Ha theknoloji ea likoloi e ntse e tsoela pele, OBD e fetohile ho tloha phetolelong e bonolo ho ea tsamaisong e rarahaneng haholo, e fanang ka tlhaiso-leseling e fapaneng e ka thusang ho lemoha le ho lokisa liphoso tsa likoloi. Sengoloa sena se tla hlahloba OBD ka botebo, phetoho ea eona, le mesebetsi ea eona e fapaneng tlhahlobong ea likoloi.
Histori le Tsoelo-pele ea OBD
OBD I
OBD e ile ea hlahisoa ka lekhetlo la pele bofelong ba lilemo tsa bo-1980 le mathoasong a lilemo tsa bo-1990 ka sistimi e tsejoang e le OBD I. Sistimi ena e ne e shebile haholo-holo mosi o tsoang likoloing 'me e netefalitse hore lienjene li sebetsa ka har'a maemo a amohelehang a mosi o tsoang. Ka bomalimabe, OBD I e ne e e-na le lithibelo mabapi le maemo a lihokelo le liprothokholo. Sena se ile sa lebisa mathateng a mangata a ho lumellana le ts'ebetso, kaha moetsi e mong le e mong oa koloi o ne a sebelisa sistimi e fapaneng.
OBD II
Ka lebaka la mefokolo ea OBD I le tlhoko ea maemo a betere, OBD II e ile ea ntlafatsoa le ho hlahisoa United States ka 1996. OBD II e ile ea sebetsana le mathata a mangata a tobaneng le pele ho eona ka ho fana ka maemo a akaretsang bakeng sa lihokelo le liprothokholi tsa puisano. Sistimi ena ha e shebelle feela mesi e tsoang empa hape e shebella likarolo tse ling tse fapaneng tsa ts'ebetso ea enjene, ho kenyeletsoa lebelo la koloi, boemo ba phetisetso, le tse ling. Ho feta moo, OBD II e khona ho rekota le ho boloka likhoutu tsa liphoso (Diagnostic Trouble Codes, kapa DTCs) tse ka baloang ke lisebelisoa tse khethehileng tsa tlhahlobo.
Mesebetsi e ka Sehloohong ea OBD
Tlhokomelo ea ho Ntša Mosi
E 'ngoe ea mesebetsi ea mantlha ea OBD ke ho lekola sistimi ea mosi o tsoang koloing. Li-sensor tse ka har'a koloi li latela mosi o tsoang koloing 'me li netefatsa hore li lula ka har'a meeli ea taolo. Haeba ho fumanoa ho se lumellane hofe kapa hofe, OBD e tla tsebisa mokhanni ka lebone la "Check Engine" dashboard.
Khoutu ea Phoso ea Polokelo le ho Bala
OBD e ka lemoha mathata a fapaneng a botekgeniki lits'ebetsong tsa likoloi. Ha bothata bo fumanoa, sistimi e boloka DTC (Directional Transmitter Disabled Code) e ka fihlellehang ka sesebelisoa sa tlhahlobo. Khoutu ena e bontša sebaka le mofuta oa phoso, e lumellang litsebi ho lemoha le ho lokisa bothata kapele ntle le ho bo batla ka letsoho.
Lintlha tsa Nako ea 'Nete
OBD e boetse e fana ka phihlello ea data ea nako ea sebele ho tsoa ho li-sensor tse fapaneng ka har'a koloi. Lintlha tsena li kenyelletsa tlhahisoleseling mabapi le lebelo la koloi, lebelo la enjene (RPM), mocheso oa enjene, boemo ba mafura, le tse ling. Sena se thusa haholo ho rarolla mathata a ka hlahang ha koloi e ntse e sebetsa 'me se fana ka tlhahisoleseling ea bohlokoa nakong ea ts'ebetso ea tlhahlobo.
Melemo ea OBD ho Tlhahlobo ea Koloi
Katleho
E 'ngoe ea melemo e meholo ea ho sebelisa OBD ke bokhoni. OBD e lumella litsebi ho lemoha mathata kapele ntle le ho qhaqha likarolo tsa koloi ka 'ngoe. Sena se boloka nako le chelete ho lokiseng le ho hlokomeleng likoloi.
Akurasi
Ka ho lemoha le ho boloka DTC ka potlako, OBD e fana ka tsela e nepahetseng ea ho fumana mohloli oa bothata. Sena se fokotsa monyetla oa liphoso nakong ea ts'ebetso ea tokiso 'me se netefatsa hore koloi e khutlisetsoa boemong bo botle kapele kamoo ho ka khonehang.
Tlhokomelo e Thibelang
Mosebetsi oa ho beha leihlo oa OBD o boetse o lumella beng ba likoloi ho nka mehato ea thibelo pele mathata a kotsi a mpefala. Mohlala, haeba sistimi e lemoha bothata ka sistimi ea ho pholisa, mong'a koloi a ka nka khato pele enjene e qala ho chesa haholo, e leng se ka bakang tšenyo e kholo.
Ho Kenngwa Tshebetsong ha Theknoloji ya Moraorao
Ha theknoloji e ntse e tswela pele, OBD e fetohile hore e be e rarahaneng le ho feta mme e hokahantswe le ditsamaiso tsa dikhomphutha tsa dikoloi tsa sejwalejwale. Tsena ke tse ding tsa dintlafatso tsa moraorao tsa theknoloji ho OBD:
OBD III
OBD III e phahame ho feta OBD II, leha ho se na maemo a akaretsang a seng a kentswe tshebetsong. Morero o ka morao ho OBD III ke ho ntlafatsa tlhokomelo ya mosi o tswang ka nako ya sebele le ho ntlafatsa karabelo ditlolong tsa mosi o tswang. Sistimi ena e dumella taolo ya hole le telemetry ho tlaleha boemo ba sistimi ya mosi o tswang koloing ka ho toba ho balaodi kapa mong'a koloi, e leng se etsang hore ho be le tlhokomelo e tiileng le ho kenngwa tshebetsong ha melao ya mosi o tswang koloing ka katleho.
Kopanyo le IoT
Theknoloji ea Inthanete ea Lintho (IoT) e amme likarolo tse ngata tsa maphelo a rona, ho kenyeletsoa le litsamaiso tsa OBD. Litsamaiso tsa sejoale-joale tsa OBD joale li ka hokela ho li-app tsa li-smartphone ka Bluetooth kapa Wi-Fi, e leng se lumellang beng ba likoloi ho beha leihlo boemo ba likoloi tsa bona habonolo. Li-app tsa OBD li ka bonts'a data ea nako ea sebele, tsa boloka nalane ea data, esita le ho fana ka likhothaletso tsa tokiso.
Likoloi tse Ikemetseng
Mabapi le likoloi tse ikemetseng, OBD e bapala karolo ea bohlokoa ho netefatseng hore litsamaiso tsohle li sebetsa hantle ebile li sebetsa ho latela maemo. OBD e ka thusa ho beha leihlo ts'ebetso ea li-sensor le litsamaiso tsa taolo tse tšehetsang theknoloji e ikemetseng, ho netefatsa polokeho le ts'epo ea likoloi tsena.
Ho koala
Tlhahlobo ea On-Board (OBD) ke boqapi bo bohlokoa haholo lefatšeng la likoloi tsa sejoale-joale. Ho tloha qalong ea eona e bonolo e le sesebelisoa se bonolo sa ho lekola litsamaiso tsa mosi o tsoang, OBD e fetohile sistimi e rarahaneng e fanang ka melemo e mengata ho beng ba likoloi le litsebi tsa litšebeletso. Bokhoni ba eona ba ho lemoha mathata esale pele, ho nepahala ha eona ha tlhahlobo, le katleho ea eona litokisong li etsa hore OBD e be sesebelisoa sa bohlokoa tlhokomelong ea likoloi.
Ka tsoelo-pele e tsoelang pele ea theknoloji, karolo ea OBD e tla ba ea bohlokoa haholo ho netefatseng hore likoloi li lula li sireletsehile, li sebetsa hantle, 'me li latela melaoana e sebetsang. Bakeng sa beng ba likoloi, ho utloisisa mesebetsi le melemo ea OBD ho ka ba thusa ho boloka likoloi tsa bona li le boemong bo botle, ho qoba litšenyehelo tse sa hlokahaleng tsa tokiso, le ho netefatsa hore likoloi tsa bona li na le botsoalle tikolohong.
