Mokhoa oa ho Bala Bolumo ba Cube
K'hube ke e 'ngoe ea libopeho tsa jeometri tse tsebahalang haholo lipalo. E lekana, ka mahlakore 'ohle a lekana, 'me re kopana le eona khafetsa bophelong ba letsatsi le letsatsi—ho tloha litaeseng ho ea mabokoseng a limpho a bōpehileng joaloka k'hube ho ea meralong e fapaneng ea polokelo. E 'ngoe ea lintho tsa motheo tseo u lokelang ho li utloisisa ha u ithuta li-cube ke mokhoa oa ho bala bophahamo ba tsona. Bophahamo ba k'hube bo bontša hore na k'hube e ka boloka sebaka se sekae. Sehlooho sena se tla tšohla tlhaloso ea bophahamo, foromo ea bophahamo ba k'hube, mehato ea ho e bala, mehlala le liphoso tse tloaelehileng.
1. Ho Utloisisa Li-cubes le Thepa ea Tsona
Pele re kena dipalong, re hloka ho utlwisisa hore na kyubi ke eng. Khubi ke setshwantsho sa jeometri sa mahlakore a mararo se nang le:
1. Mahlakore a 6 a sekwere kaofela le boholo bo lekanang
2. Likhopo tse 12 tse bolelele bo lekanang
3. Lintlha tse 8 tsa sekhutlo
4. Likhutlo tsohle li na le likhutlo tse nepahetseng (90°)
Senotlolo sa ho bala bophahamo ba modumo ke hore mathoko ohle a kyubi e lokela ho ba bolelele bo lekanang. Ke ka lebaka leo foromo ya bophahamo ba kyubi e leng bonolo hakana.
2. Buka ke eng?
Ka bokhutšoanyane, bophahamo ke tekanyo ea sebaka se ka hare ho sebopeho sa mahlakore a mararo. Haeba re na le lebokose, bophahamo bo bontša hore na metsi, lehlabathe, kapa lintho tse ling li ka lekana hakae ka har'a lebokose.
Ka diyuniti, bophahamo ba modumo hangata bo hlahiswa ka:
– disentimitara tse dikhubu (cm³)
– dimithara tsa dikhubu (m³)
– lilithara (L) bakeng sa bokgoni ba mokelikeli (lithara e le 1 = 1000 cm³)
– mililithara (mL) (1 mL = 1 cm³)
Kahoo, bophahamo ba modumo bo amana haufi-ufi le mohopolo wa "dikahare" kapa "bokgoni".
3. Foromo ea Bolumo ba Cube
Kaha kyubi e na le mahlakore a bolelele bo lekanang, bophahamo ba yona bo balwa ka ho atisa mahlakore ka makgetlo a mararo (bolelele × bophara × bophahamo). Ka kyubing, bolelele = bophara = bophahamo = s.
Foromo ea bophahamo ba cube:
\[
V = s^3
\]
Lintlha:
– V = bophahamo ba kyubite
– s = bolelele ba lehlakore (lehlakore) la kyubite
– s³ e bolela s × s × s
Foromo ena e sebetsa haholo hobane re hloka ho tseba boleng bo le bong feela, e leng bolelele ba moedi wa kyubi.
4. Mehato ea ho Bala Bophahamo ba Cube
Mehato e akaretsang ea ho bala molumo oa cube ka nepo ke ena:
Mohato oa 1: Fumana bolelele ba lehlakore la kyubi (li)
Hangata boleng ba lehlakore bo fanoa bothateng, mohlala, 5 cm kapa 0,2 m.
Mohato oa 2: Etsa bonnete ba hore li-unit lia tšoana
Haeba o batla bophahamo ba modumo ka cm³, mahlakore a lokela ho ba ka cm. Haeba mahlakore a le ka limithara, bophahamo ba modumo bo tla ba ka m³.
Mohato oa 3: Kenya foromong V = s³
Atisa boleng ba s ka makhetlo a mararo.
Mohato oa 4: Ngola liphetho hammoho le liyuniti tsa tsona.
Se lebale diyuniti tsa dikhubu (mohlala, cm³, m³).
5. Mohlala oa ho Bala Bophahamo ba Cube
Ho etsa hore ho be bonolo ho utloisisa, ha re shebeng mehlala e meng.
Mohlala oa 1
Kaha kyubite e na le bolelele ba lehlakore ba 4 cm. Bala bophahamo ba eona.
Tharollo:
\[
V = s^3 = 4^3 = 4 \makhetlo a 4 \makhetlo a 4 = 64
\]
Kahoo, bophahamo ba kyubi ke 64 cm³.
Mohlala oa 2
K'habete e na le mathoko a bolelele ba 10 cm. Bophahamo ba eona ke bofe?
Tharollo:
\[
V = 10^3 = 10 \makhetlo a 10 \makhetlo a 10 = 1000
\]
Bophahamo ba kyubi = 1000 cm³.
Hoa thahasellisa hore 1000 cm³ e lekana le litara e le 1, kahoo kyubi e na le bokgoni ba hoo e ka bang litara e le 1.
Mohlala oa 3 (yuniti ea limithara)
Bolelele ba lehlakore la kyubi ke 0,5 m. Bala bophahamo ba kyubi.
Tharollo:
\[
V = 0,5^3 = 0,5 \makhetlo a 0,5 \makhetlo a 0,5 = 0,125
\]
Bophahamo ba kyubi = 0,125 m³.
6. Ho Bala Likhopo Haeba Bophahamo bo Tsejoa
Ka nako e 'ngoe ha re tsebe bolelele ba lehlakore, empa ho e-na le hoo re tseba bophahamo ba lona. Tabeng eo, re ka fumana bolelele ba lehlakore ka ho sebelisa phetoho ea khutlo, e leng motso oa khutlo.
Haeba:
\[
V = s^3
\]
Kahoo:
\[
s = \sqrt[3]{V}
\]
Mohlala oa 4
Bophahamo ba kyubiki ke 216 cm³. Bolelele ba lehlakore la yona ke bokae?
Tharollo:
\[
s = \sqrt[3]{216} = 6
\]
Kaha 6 × 6 × 6 = 216, bolelele ba moedi ke 6 cm.
Mohlala oa 5
Bophahamo ba kyubite ke 125 m³. Fumana mathoko a eona.
Tharollo:
\[
s = \sqrt[3]{125} = 5
\]
Kahoo, bolelele ba bohale ba kyubite ke 5 m.
7. Liphoso tse Tloaelehileng ha ho baloa bophahamo ba Cube
Leha mokhoa ona o le bonolo, tsena ke tse ling tsa liphoso tse tloaelehileng:
1. Diyuniti tsa dikhubu tse lebetsweng
Mohlala, ho ngola “64 cm” ha e lokela ho ba “64 cm³”.
2. Ho fosa matla a mararo
Mohlala: ho nahana 5³ = 15, ha e le hantle 5³ = 125.
3. Diyuniti tse sa tsitsang
Mohlala, kgopo e bolelele ba 20 cm empa o batla sephetho ka m³ ntle le ho fetola diyuniti.
4. Ho ferekanngoa le sebaka se ka holimo sa cube
Foromo ea sebaka sa bokaholimo ke 6s², e fapaneng le bophahamo ba modumo (s³).
8. Tšebeliso ea Bolumo ba Cube Bophelong ba Letsatsi le Letsatsi
Ho bala bophahamo ba kyubi ha ho thuse feela lithutong tsa lipalo, empa hape le bophelong ba sebele, mohlala:
– Bala bokgoni ba lebokose la polokelo le bōpehileng joaloka kyubite
– Fumana hore na ke thepa e kae e tla lekana ka setshelong
– Bala bophahamo ba sehlahisoa se itseng se phuthetsoeng
– Moralo oa sebaka ka moralo oa kahare kapa kaho e bonolo
Ka ho utloisisa mohopolo oa bophahamo ba modumo, re ka hakanya litlhoko tsa sebaka le bokhoni ka nepo haholoanyane.
Qetello
Ho bala bophahamo ba kyubi ho bonolo haholo hobane mathoko ohle a bolelele bo lekanang. Foromo e sebelisitsoeng ke:
\[
V = s^3
\]
Senotlolo sa ho bala ka nepo ke ho tseba bolelele ba lehlakore, ho bala khutlose ka nepo, le ho ngola bophahamo ba modumo ka diyuniti tsa khutlose. Haeba bophahamo ba modumo bo tsejwa, re ka fumana lehlakore re sebedisa motso wa khutlose:
\[
s = \sqrt[3]{V}
\]
Ka ho itloaetsa lipotso tsa mohlala le ho utloisisa likhopolo, u tla khona ho bala bophahamo ba kyubi ka potlako le ka nepo.
Haeba o batla, nka boela ka etsa lipotso tse 10 tsa ho itlhakisa ka likarabo ho matlafatsa kutloisiso ea hau ea bophahamo ba kyubite.
