Matšoao le Matšoao a Rabies ho Liphoofolo: Temoho, Tlhahlobo le Thibelo
Pendahuluan
Rabies ke lefu le bolaeang haholo la vaerase le hlaselang tsamaiso ea methapo ea kutlo ea liphoofolo tse anyesang, ho kenyeletsoa le batho. Le bakoa ke vaerase e leng ea mofuta oa Lyssavirus. Rabies hangata e fetisetsoa ka ho loma phoofolo e tšoaelitsoeng. Ho lemoha matšoao a rabies liphoofolong ho bohlokoa bakeng sa ho lemoha kapele le ho thibela ho ata ho eketsehileng, har'a liphoofolo tse ruuoang lapeng le bathong. Sengoloa sena se tla fana ka tlhaloso e felletseng ea matšoao a rabies liphoofolong, hammoho le mokhoa oa ho a laola.
Phetiso le Mokhoa oa ho Hasana
Mafu a rabies a fetisoa ka mathe a phoofolo e tšoaelitsoeng, a kenang liseleng tsa 'mele ka ho toba ka ho loma kapa ho ngoapa. Kokwana-hloko ena e ntan'o namela tsamaisong ea methapo e bohareng ka methapo ea kutlo. Hang ha e fihla bokong, kokoana-hloko ena e baka matšoao a fapaneng a methapo ea kutlo pele qetellong e baka lefu. Ho bohlokoa ho hlokomela hore matšoao a rabies ho batho a ka hlaha kamora nako e telele ea ho ikatisa, hangata likhoeli tse 1-3 kamora ho loma.
Matšoao le Matšoao a Rabies ho Liphoofolo
Matšoao a lefu la rabies liphoofolong a fapana ho latela boemo ba tšoaetso ea vaerase. Rabies e na le mefuta e 'meli e meholo ea bongaka: rabies "e bohale" le rabies "e holofetseng". Matšoao le matšoao a fapaneng ao re ka a bonang ke ana:
1. Mokhahlelo oa Prodromal
Mokhahlelo oa prodromal ke mohato oa pele oa tšoaetso, o nkang matsatsi a 2-3. Matšoao nakong ena hangata ha a totobale 'me ho thata ho a lemoha. Liphoofolo li ka 'na tsa bontša liphetoho tse bobebe tsa boitšoaro, tse kang:
– Lihlong kapa tšabo ntle le lebaka le totobetseng
– Ho fokotseha ha takatso ea lijo
– Feberu e fokolang
– Ho teneha ho eketsehileng
2. Mafu a bohale a halefileng
Mothating ona, phoofolo e tla bontsha boitshwaro bo mabifi le matshwao a ho tsoha ha methapo e eketsehileng. Matshwao ana a nka matsatsi a 1-7 mme a kenyeletsa:
– Bohale: Liphoofolo tse atisang ho ba bonolo li ka ’na tsa ba mabifi haholo ’me tsa thatafalloa ho li laola.
– Ha ba tšabe batho: Liphoofolo tse hlaha tse kang li-raccoon, bo-'mankhane, kapa liphokojoe tse atisang ho tšaba batho li ka atamela 'me tsa leka ho hlasela batho.
– E sa phomole ebile e le mafolofolo haholo: Phoofolo e tla bonahala e sa phomole mme e sisinyeha kamehla ntle le morero o hlakileng.
– Ho hlafuna dintho tse ding: Diphoofolo di ka hlafuna dintho tse ding kapa dikarolo tsa mmele wa tsona.
– Liphetoho modumong: Liphoofolo li ka ’na tsa etsa melumo e sa tloaelehang, joalo ka ho bohola ka molumo o fapaneng le o tloaelehileng kapa ho hoeletsa.
– Ho ferekana le ho tsietsana: Liphoofolo li ka ’na tsa ba le ho ferekana le ho tsietsana hobane kokoana-hloko e fihlile tsamaisong ea methapo e bohareng.
3. Mafu a “Holofetseng” (Mafu a sa Tsebeng)
Bolwetse ba rabies bo holofetseng bo khetholloa ka bofokoli bo ntseng bo eketseha ba mesifa le ho holofala. Mokhahlelo ona hangata o nka matsatsi a 2-4, 'me matšoao a kenyelletsa:
– Bofokoli bo akaretsang: Liphoofolo li bonahala li le botsoa, li fokola, 'me ha li na matla.
– Ho holofala ha mesifa: Ho holofala ha mesifa ho qala mesifeng ea hlooho le molala ebe ho namela 'meleng oohle.
– Dysphagia: Ho thatafalloa ke ho metsa, e leng se ka bakang ho ntsha mathe a mangata kapa ho eketsa mathe.
– Ho holofala ha sefahleho: Sefahleho sa phoofolo se ka bonahala se sa lekana ka lebaka la bofokodi ba mesifa.
– Ho kgutla le lefu: Mokgahlelong wa ho qetela, phoofolo e tla wela ho kgutla mme qetellong e shwe.
Tlhahlobo ea Rabies
Ho hlahloba lefu la rabies liphoofolong ho ke ke ha etsoa feela ho latela matšoao a bongaka, kaha matšoao ana a ka etsisa a mafu a mang. Hangata tlhahlobo ea ho qetela e etsoa ka:
– Tlhahlobo ea mathe, Mali le Lisele tsa Boko: Liteko tsa laboratori ho fumana boteng ba kokoana-hloko ea rabies lisampoleng tsa baeloji.
– Tlhahlobo ea Histopathological: Tlhahlobo ea microscopic ea lisele tsa boko ka mor'a hore phoofolo e shoe ho batla matšoao a tšoaetso ea rabies (mohlala, 'mele e kenyeletsang Negri).
Tindakan Pencegahan
Thibelo ea rabies e bohlokoa haholo ka lebaka la sekhahla sa lefu lena. Mona ke mehato e meng ea thibelo eo u ka e nkang:
1. Ho enta
Ho enta ke tsela e sebetsang ea ho thibela rabies ho liphoofolo tse ruuoang lapeng le mehlapeng. Liphoofolo tse ruuoang lapeng tse kang lintja, likatse le lipere li lokela ho entoa khafetsa ho latela keletso ea ngaka ea liphoofolo. Ho enta ho bohlokoa hape bakeng sa liphoofolo tse hlaha tse atisang ho sebelisana le batho.
2. Taolo ea Liphoofolo tse Hlaha
Ho fokotsa palo ea liphoofolo tse hlaha tse kotsing e kholo joalo ka li-raccoon, bo-'mankhane le lintja tsa naha ho ka fokotsa ho ata ha rabies. Libakeng tse ling, liente tse nooang tse fanoang ka leraba le tsona li sebelisoa ho laola rabies liphoofolong tse hlaha.
3. Thuto ea Sechaba
Ho phahamisa temoso ea sechaba ka bohlokoa ba ho entoa liphoofolo le mokhoa oa ho qoba ho kopana le liphoofolo tse hlaha tse ka 'nang tsa tšoaetsoa ke rabies. Tlhahisoleseding ea mokhoa oa ho sebetsana le ho longoa ke liphoofolo le mehato ea pele eo u lokelang ho e nka ke ea bohlokoa.
Karabelo ea Pele ho Longoa ke Phoofolo
Haeba motho kapa phoofolo e longoa ke phoofolo e belaelloang hore e na le rabies, mehato ea pele eo u lokelang ho e nka ke:
1. Hlatsoa leqeba: Hlatsoa leqeba ka sesepa le metsi a phallang bonyane metsotso e 15 ho fokotsa mojaro oa vaerase leqebeng.
2. Sebelisa Sebolaya-mafu: Sebelisa sebolaya-mafu se kang joala kapa iodine leqebeng.
3. Isa phoofolo ngakeng: Buisana le ngaka kapa ngaka ea liphoofolo hang-hang. Ho batho, ente ea thibelo ea ho entoa ka mor'a ho pepesehela lefuba ke mohato oa bohlokoa oa ho thibela tšoaetso ea rabies.
Tlhokomelo ea Liphoofolo tse Tšoeroeng
Ha ho na pheko bakeng sa diphoofolo tse tshwaeditsweng ke rabies. Tsamaiso e shebana le ho thibela ho ata ha lefu lena le ho fokotsa mahlomola a diphoofolo. Diphoofolo tse bontshang matshwao a rabies hangata di lokela ho bolawa ho thibela kotsi e eketsehileng. Mohato ona o lokela ho nkuwa ka hloko le ho ya ka melao e sebetsang ya bophelo bo botle le boiketlo ba diphoofolo.
Qetello
Rabies ke lefu le tšoaetsanoang haholo le bolaeang leo beng ba liphoofolo tse ruuoang lapeng le sechaba ka kakaretso ba lokelang ho le ela hloko. Ho lemoha matšoao a rabies liphoofolong ho bohlokoa bakeng sa thibelo le kalafo ea pele. Ka ente, taolo ea liphoofolo tse hlaha, thuto ea sechaba, le karabelo e potlakileng ea ho longoa, kotsi ea ho ata ha rabies e ka fokotseha haholo. Thuto, thibelo le karabelo e potlakileng ke tsa bohlokoa ho loantšeng lefu lena le kotsi.
Ka ho lemoha matšoao a rabies hamolemo le mehato e loketseng ea thibelo, re ka sireletsa liphoofolo tsa rona tse ruuoang lapeng, rona le sechaba likotsing tse bakoang ke rabies.
