Bohlokoa ba Tlhahlobo e Felletseng ea Mali
Palo e felletseng ea mali (CBC) ke e 'ngoe ea liteko tsa laboratori tse etsoang khafetsa lefapheng la bongaka. Teko ena e bonolo, e potlakile haholo, 'me e fana ka kakaretso e felletseng ea bophelo bo botle ba motho, haholo-holo mabapi le palo ea lisele tsa mali. Le hoja e bonahala e le "tloaelo," liphetho tsa CBC hangata ke tsa bohlokoa bakeng sa ho lemoha mafu a fapaneng kapele, ho beha leihlo tsoelo-pele ea phekolo, le ho thusa lingaka ho fumana liteko tse ling. Ka hona, ho utloisisa bohlokoa ba CBC ho tla thusa batho ho ba le tlhokomelo e eketsehileng ea bophelo bo botle le ho se nyenyefatse tlhahlobo ena.
Palo e Felletseng ea Mali ke Eng?
Palo e felletseng ea mali (CBC) ke teko e hlahlobang likarolo tse fapaneng tsa bohlokoa tsa mali, haholo-holo lisele tse khubelu tsa mali, lisele tse tšoeu tsa mali le li-platelet. Ntle le ho bala palo ea lisele, teko ena e boetse e hlahloba litšobotsi tse itseng tse kang boholo ba sele, maemo a hemoglobin, le karolelano ea mefuta ea lisele tse tšoeu tsa mali. Ho tsoa sampole e le 'ngoe ea mali e nkiloeng mothapong (hangata o letsohong), laboratori e ka hlahisa lintlha tse ngata ho thusa ho lekola boemo ba 'mele.
Ka kakaretso, likarolo tse hlahlojoang li kenyelletsa:
1. Hemoglobin (Hb): protheine e ka har'a lisele tse khubelu tsa mali e tsamaisang oksijene.
2. Hematocrit (Ht): peresente ea bophahamo ba lisele tse khubelu tsa mali maling.
3. Palo ea lisele tse khubelu tsa mali (RBC): palo ea lisele tse khubelu tsa mali.
4. Di-erythrocyte indices (MCV, MCH, MCHC): boholo le tekanyo ea hemoglobin liseleng tse khubelu tsa mali.
5. Palo ea li-leukocyte (WBC) le phapang: palo le mefuta ea lisele tse tšoeu tsa mali (li-neutrophils, li-lymphocyte, li-monocyte, li-eosinophils, li-basophils).
6. Palo ea liplatelete le matšoao a 'maloa a tšehetsang: a amanang le ho hoama ha mali.
Ka tlhahisoleseding ena, lingaka li ka bona hore na 'mele o na le mathata a kang tšoaetso, khaello ea mali, mathata a ho hoama ha mali, le mathata a ka bang teng a moko oa masapo.
Ke Hobane'ng ha Palo e Felletseng ea Mali e le ea Bohlokoa?
1. Ho Tseba Mafu a Fapaneng Pele ho Nako
E 'ngoe ea melemo e meholo ea palo e felletseng ea mali (CBC) ke bokhoni ba eona ba ho thusa ho lemoha kapele. Mafu a mangata ha a bontše matšoao a totobetseng mehatong ea pele, empa liphetoho maling li ka 'na tsa etsahala. Mohlala, mafu a mang a tšoaetsanoang a ka eketsa palo ea lisele tse tšoeu tsa mali (leukocytes) kapa a fetola sebopeho sa mefuta ea lisele tse tšoeu tsa mali. Ka ho tšoanang, khaello ea mali e ka fumanoa esita le pele motho a ikutloa a fokola haholo kapa a tsekela.
Ho lemoha bothata kapele ho bohlokoa hobane ha bothata bo fumanoa kapele, menyetla ea kalafo e sebetsang le ho thibela mathata e ba kholoanyane.
2. E Thusa ho Fumana Anemia le Mathata a Lisele tse Khubelu tsa Mali
Anemia ke boemo bo tloaelehileng haholo, haholo-holo ho basali ba lilemong tsa ho beleha, basali ba bakhachane, bana le batho ba hōlileng. Palo e felletseng ea mali (CBC) e thusa ho fumana khaello ea mali ka ho lekanya maemo a hemoglobin, maemo a hematocrit, le palo ea lisele tse khubelu tsa mali. Ho feta moo, li-indices tsa lisele tse khubelu tsa mali tse kang MCV li ka thusa lingaka ho bolela esale pele mofuta oa khaello ea mali, joalo ka:
– MCV e tlase e ka lebisa ho khaello ea tšepe e ngata kapa thalassemia.
– Ho ba le MCV e ngata ho ka supa khaello ea vithamine B12/folate kapa mathata a mang.
Le hoja tlhahlobo e tiileng e hloka tlhahlobo e eketsehileng, CBC hangata ke mohato oa pele oa bohlokoa.
3. Hlahloba Tšoaetso le Ho ruruha
Ha 'mele o loantša tšoaetso, palo ea lisele tse tšoeu tsa mali hangata ea eketseha. Leha ho le joalo, ha se palo eohle feela ea bohlokoa; palo e fapaneng ea lisele tse tšoeu tsa mali le eona ea bohlokoa. Mohlala, bongata ba li-neutrophil bo ka bontša tšoaetso ea baktheria, ha bongata ba li-lymphocyte bo atile haholo tšoaetsong ea vaerase. Li-eosinophil tse phahameng ka linako tse ling li amahanngoa le allergy kapa tšoaetso ea likokoana-hloko.
Ka tlhahisoleseding ena, ngaka e ka hakanya sesosa sa litletlebo tse kang feberu e telele, khohlela e telele, kapa maemo a mang a ho ruruha, le ho fumana hore na liteko tse ling lia hlokahala.
4. Ho Lekola Maemo a sa Foleng le Litlamorao tsa Kalafo
Bakeng sa bakuli ba nang le mafu a sa foleng a kang mafu a ho itšireletsa mafung, lefu la liphio, lefu la sebete, kapa kankere, palo e felletseng ea mali (CBC) hangata ke teko ea kamehla. Maemo ana a ka ama tlhahiso ea lisele tsa mali le botsitso.
Ho phaella moo, meriana e mengata e ka fokotsa palo ea lisele tse tšoeu tsa mali kapa li-platelet, tse kang chemotherapy, lithibela-mafu tse itseng, le li-immunosuppressants. CBC e lumella lingaka ho beha leihlo polokeho ea phekolo, ho fetola tekanyo, kapa ho emisa meriana haeba ho hlokahala.
5. Hlahloba Kotsi ea ho Tsoa Mali le ho Thibela ho Amana
Li-platelet li phetha karolo ea bohlokoa ts'ebetsong ea ho hoama ha mali. Palo e tlase haholo ea li-platelet (thrombocytopenia) e ka eketsa kotsi ea ho tsoa mali, ha palo e phahameng haholo ea li-platelet (thrombocytosis) e ka eketsa kotsi ea ho hoama mali ho sa tloaelehang.
Leha tlhahlobo ea ho hoama ha mali hangata e hloka liteko tse ling tse kang PT, aPTT, kapa D-dimer, palo ea li-platelet ho tsoa palong e felletseng ea mali ke sesupo sa bohlokoa sa pele, haholo-holo pele ho opereishene, mekhoa e itseng ea bongaka, kapa ho bakuli ba nang le maqeba le ho tsoa mali habonolo.
6. Karolo ea Tlhahlobo ea Bophelo bo Botle ea Kamehla
Palo e felletseng ea mali (CBC) hangata e kenyelletsoa sephutheloana sa tlhahlobo ea bongaka hobane e fana ka kakaretso e felletseng. Ho batho ba bonahalang ba phetse hantle, tlhahlobo ena e ka thusa ho lemoha mathata a sa bonoeng, a kang khaello ea mali e bobebe, matšoao a tšoaetso e patiloeng, kapa liphetoho tsa liplatelete tse hlokang tlhahlobo e eketsehileng.
Ka ho hlahlojoa khafetsa, batho ba ka ba mafolofolo haholoanyane ho bolokeng bophelo ba bona bo botle, eseng feela ho tla litsing tsa bophelo bo botle ha ba kula.
Motho o Hloka ho Bala Mali ka Botlalo Neng?
Ha e le hantle, lingaka li ka 'na tsa fana ka tlhahiso ea palo e feletseng ea mali maemong a mangata, a kang:
- Feberu ea sesosa se sa tsejoeng
– Mokhathala o bonolo, o fokola, kapa o lerootho
– Ho ntsha maqeba habonolo kapa ho ntsha madi khafetsa
– Ho theola boima ba 'mele ntle le lebaka le totobetseng
– Litšoaetso tse iphetang
– Ho beha leihlo kamora opereishene kapa nakong ea mekhoa e itseng ea phekolo
– Litlhahlobo tsa bophelo bo botle tsa kamehla (mohlala, tsa selemo le selemo)
Leha ho le jwalo, makgetlo a ditlhahlobo a ntse a hloka ho fetolwa ho ya ka ditlhoko tsa motho ka mong. Batho ba nang le maemo a ikgethang ba ka hloka ditlhahlobo tse ngata ho feta batho ba phetseng hantle.
Lintho Tseo U Lokelang ho li Utloisisa ho tsoa Liphellong tsa Teko
Ho bohlokoa ho hopola hore liphetho tsa CBC ha li ikemele feela. Litekanyetso tse "tloaelehileng" li ka fapana ho latela lilemo, bong, maemo a 'mele (mohlala, boimana), le litekanyetso tsa laboratori tse sebelisitsoeng. Ka hona, tlhaloso ea liphetho e lokela ho etsoa ke setsebi sa tlhokomelo ea bophelo. Litekanyetso tse ka ntle ho moeli o tloaelehileng ha li kotsi hakaalo, empa e ka ba sesupo sa tlhahlobo e 'ngoe.
Ho phaella moo, maemo a nakoana a kang ho felloa ke metsi 'meleng, khatello ea maikutlo, ho hloka boroko, kapa tšoaetso e bobebe a ka ama liphello. Ke ka lebaka leo lingaka hangata li amahanyang liphetho tsa laboratori le matšoao a kliniki le nalane ea bongaka.
Ho koala
Palo e felletseng ea mali (CBC) ke teko ea bohlokoa hobane e fana ka kakaretso e felletseng ea boemo ba 'mele ka ho hlahloba lisele tse khubelu tsa mali, lisele tse tšoeu tsa mali le li-platelet. Melemo ea eona e kenyelletsa ho lemoha mafu kapele, ho thusa ho fumana khaello ea mali le tšoaetso, ho beha leihlo mafu a sa foleng le liphello tsa phekolo, le ho hlahloba kotsi ea ho tsoa mali kapa mathata a ho ruruha ha mali. Le hoja tlhahlobo ena e bonahala e le bonolo, hangata ke ntlha ea bohlokoa ea ho qala ho fumana mehato e latelang mosebetsing oa hau oa bongaka.
Ka temoho e ntseng e eketseha ea sechaba mabapi le bohlokoa ba ho hlahlojoa ha bophelo bo botle, tlhahlobo e felletseng ea palo ea mali (CBC) e ka ba mohato o atlehang oa thibelo. Ka tlhahlobo ea kamehla, ha ho hlokahala, re ka boloka bophelo ba rona bo botle hamolemo, ra lemoha matšoao a mathata kapele, 'me ra fumana kalafo e nepahetseng pele maemo a mpefala.
