Mokhoa oa Reflex le Kamoo o Etsahalang Kateng
Mokhoa oa reflex ke e 'ngoe ea liketsahalo tsa motheo le tsa bohlokoa tse etsahalang 'meleng oa motho le oa phoofolo. Reflex e ka hlalosoa e le karabelo e potlakileng, e iketsahallang ho khothatso e itseng e etsahalang ntle le temoho e hlakileng kapa ho kenella ha boko qalong. Reflex ke karolo ea bohlokoa ea tsamaiso ea methapo 'me e bapala karolo ea bohlokoa ho pholoheng ka ho sireletsa' mele kotsing le ho thusa ho boloka homeostasis.
Ho utloisisa Mekhoa ea Reflex
Hangata reflex e kenyelletsa tšusumetso le karabelo e bonolo le e potlakileng. Mohlala, haeba o ama ntho e chesang, 'mele oa hau o tla hula letsoho la hau hole le mohloli oa mocheso ntle le hore u nahane ka hona. Reflex ena e etsahala ka tsela ea reflex e kenyeletsang li-receptor tsa kutlo, li-neuron tsa kutlo, li-neuron tse mahareng (li-interneurons), le li-neuron tsa motlakase.
Likarolo le Mehato ea Mokhoa oa Reflex
Ts'ebetso ea reflexes e kenyelletsa likarolo tse 'maloa tsa bohlokoa, e leng:
1. Li-Receiver tsa Kutlo: Li-receptor tsena li sebetsa e le li-detector tse arabelang lintho tse susumetsang tse tsoang tikolohong e ka ntle kapa e ka hare. Mohlala, li-receiver tsa mocheso letlalong li lemoha lintho tse susumetsang mocheso.
2. Li-Neuron tsa Kutlo: Tlhahisoleseding e amohelwang ke li-receptor tsa kutlo e fetisetsoa tsamaisong e bohareng ea methapo ka li-neuron tsa kutlo. Li-neuron tsena li sebetsa e le li-conductor, li jara matšoao ho tloha ho li-receptor tsa kutlo ho ea mokokotlong kapa bokong.
3. Li-interneuron: Hang ha lets'oao le fihla tsamaisong e bohareng ea methapo, hangata mokokotlong, le feta ka har'a li-interneuron tse sebetsang e le khokahano lipakeng tsa li-neuron tsa kutlo le li-neuron tsa motlakase.
4. Li-Neuron tsa Mothapo: Ho tsoa ho li-interneurons, matšoao a fetisetsoa ho li-neuron tsa mothapo tse sebetsang ho jara litaelo ho tsoa tsamaisong ea methapo e bohareng ho ea ho li-effector, joalo ka mesifa kapa litšoelesa.
5. Motlakase: Qetellong, motlakase, oo hangata e leng mosifa kapa tšoelesa, o tla arabela taelong eo a e fumanang mme a hlahise karabelo e nepahetseng, jwalo ka ho ntsha letsoho mohloding wa mocheso.
Reflexology ea sefapano: Arc ea Reflex
Arc ea reflex ke tsela ea tsela ea methapo eo reflex impulse e e nkang ho tloha ntlheng ea ho hlasimolla ho ea ntlheng ea karabelo. Ho na le mefuta e 'meli e meholo ea arc ea reflex:
1. Monosynaptic Reflex: E na le synapse e le 'ngoe feela pakeng tsa neuron ea kutlo le neuron ea motor. Mohlala oa reflex ena ke ho thothomela ha lengole kapa patellar reflex. Ha tendon e ka tlas'a lengole e kokota, mesifa ea quadriceps ea honyela, e leng se etsang hore leoto le tsoele pele.
2. Li-Reflex tsa Polysynaptic: Li kenyelletsa synapse tse fetang e le 'ngoe. Mofuteng ona oa reflex, bonyane ho na le interneuron e le 'ngoe pakeng tsa neuron ea kutlo le neuron ea motor. Mohlala oa reflex ena ke reflex ea ho ikhula, moo letsoho le ikhulang ka bohona ka mor'a ho ama ntho e chesang.
Mehlala ea Boikutlo ba Motho
Mehlala e meng e tloaelehileng ea li-reflexes ho batho ke ena:
1. Patellar Reflex: Jwalo ka ha ho boletswe pejana, ho ama hanyane ka tlase ho patella ho etsa hore leoto le tsamaye pele. Reflex ena hangata e sebediswa ke dingaka ho hlahloba tshebetso ya methapo.
2. Reflex ea ho Hula: Ha ho ama ntho e chesang, 'mele o hula karolo e amehileng ka bohona.
3. Blink Reflex: Reflex ena e etsahala ha leihlo le pepesehela ntho kapa kganya e kganyang ya lesedi ho sireletsa leihlo.
4. Ho Anyesa: Masea a sa tsoa tsoaloa a na le mokhoa oa ho anyesa ha a angoa molomo. Mokhoa ona oa ho anyesa o thusa haholo bakeng sa ho anyesa.
5. Babinski Reflex: Ena ke reflex ho masea moo ho ama bohato ba leoto ho etsang hore menoana ea maoto e namele kantle. Reflex ena hangata e nyamela ha motho a tsofala.
Bohlokoa ba ho Itlhahloba Bophelong ba Letsatsi le Letsatsi
Li-reflexes li na le mesebetsi e 'maloa ea bohlokoa haholo:
1. Tšireletso: Ho hlaha li-reflex tse ngata ho sireletsa 'mele kotsing. Mohlala, reflex ea ho ikhula le reflex ea ho panya li etsahala ho sireletsa 'mele kotsing ea 'mele.
2. Homeostasis: Di-reflex tse ding di thusa ho boloka homeostasis, kapa botsitso, mmeleng. Mehlala e kenyeletsa ho khohlela, e hlwekisang ditsela tsa moya, le ho thimola, e lelekang dintho tse halefisang diphaepheng tsa nko.
3. Puisano: Liphoofolong tse ling, li-reflexes li boetse li sebetsa e le mokhoa oa puisano. Mohlala, litlhapi tse ling li tla bontša mebala e itseng ka mokhoa o iketsang e le temoso ho liphoofolo tse jang tse ling kapa e le pontšo ho sehlopha sa tsona.
Setsi sa Taolo ea Reflex
Leha ho na le diphetoho tse bonolo tse etsahalang boemong ba mokokotlo, sena ha se bolele hore boko ha bo amehe ho hang. Diphetoho tse rarahaneng le taolo e latelang ya diphetoho tsa motheo di etsahala bokong. Boko bo ameha ho fetoleng matla a karabelo ya reflex le ho etsa qeto ya hore na bo lelefatsa kapa bo emise karabelo ya reflex.
Mokokotlo oa Lesapo la Mokokotlo le Boko
– Mokokotlo oa Lesapo la Mokokotlo: E sebetsa e le setsi se seholo sa ho hlaphoheloa habonolo. E romela litaelo tse potlakileng mesifa kapa litšoelesa ho hlahisa karabelo e potlakileng.
– Boko: Bo atisa ho ameha ho rarahaneng haholoanyane 'me bo fana ka taolo e kopaneng haholoanyane mesebetsing ea' mele.
Mabaka a Amang ho Ikutloa ha Maikutlo
Mabaka a 'maloa a ka ama bokhoni ba reflex le lebelo, ho kenyeletsoa:
1. Bophelo bo Botle le Botsofali: Ha re ntse re tsofala, lebelo la karabelo ea reflex le ka fokotseha. Maemo a mang a bongaka, a kang peripheral neuropathy, le 'ona a ka ama reflexes.
2. Boitlhakiso le Phihlelo: Ka mohlala, baatlelete ba koetlisitse li-reflex tsa bona hore li be lebelo ho feta tsa motho ea tloaelehileng. Koetliso e pheta-phetoang e ka eketsa lebelo le katleho ea likarabo tsa reflex.
3. Lithethefatsi: Lithethefatsi tse ling le joala li ka ama ts'ebetso ea reflex ka ho liehisa kapa esita le ho hatella ts'ebetso ea methapo.
4. Liphatsa tsa lefutso: Likarolo tse ling tsa reflex reactivity li ka futsoa. Batho ba nang le limelo tse itseng tsa liphatsa tsa lefutso ba ka ba le lebelo kapa matla a fapaneng a reflex.
Lipatlisiso tsa Hona Joale le Litšebeliso tsa Bongaka
Bongaka, tlhahlobo ea reflex ke karolo ea bohlokoa ea tlhahlobo ea methapo. Li-reflex tse sa tloaelehang e ka ba sesupo sa maemo a fapaneng a methapo a kang multiple sclerosis, tšenyo ea mokokotlo, le mafu a itseng a ho ruruha.
Phuputsong ea morao tjena, neuroscience e qalile ho senola mekhoa e tebileng ea li-reflexes. Mekhoa ea theknoloji e kang MRI e sebetsang le li-scan tsa PET e lumella bafuputsi ho bona libaka tsa boko tse amehang taolong ea reflex le kamoo li-reflexes li ka fetoloang ka ho ithuta le phihlelo.
Qetello
Mekgwa ya ho ikgantsha ke dintho tsa bohlokwa le tse kgahlehang tse dumellang mmele wa motho ho arabela dinthong tse susumetsang kapele le ntle le tlhoko ya ho nahana. Mekgwa ya ho ikgantsha e kenyelletsa dikamano tse rarahaneng pakeng tsa dikarolo tse fapaneng tsa tsamaiso ya methapo mme e sebeletsa mesebetsi e fapaneng ya bohlokwa, ho tloha tshireletsong ho isa ho homeostasis.
Ka kutloisiso e betere ea hore na li-reflex li sebetsa joang le hore na ke lintlha life tse li susumetsang, lefats'e la bongaka le bo-rasaense ba lebelletsoe ho nts'etsapele mekhoa e mecha ea ho hlahloba, ho phekola le ho tsosolosa mafu a methapo ea kutlo hammoho le ts'ebeliso e pharaletseng mafapheng a mang a kang lipapali le thuto.
