Matla a Khahleho Pakeng tsa Lipolanete
Lipolanete tse potolohang Letsatsi tsamaisong ea rona ea letsatsi li susumetsoa haholo ke matla a fapaneng a khoheli. Ho tloha ha Isaac Newton a qala ho hlahisa molao oa khoheli, tsebo ea likamano lipakeng tsa lipolanete e tsoetse pele ka potlako, e leng se lebisang kutloisisong e tebileng ea matla a sebetsang. Karolo ea bohlokoa ea bolepi ba linaleli ke ho utloisisa matla a khoheli pakeng tsa lipolanete le kamoo a susumetsang litsela tsa tsona le litšobotsi tsa tsona.
Molao oa Newton oa Matla a Khoheli
Ho utloisisa matla a khoheli pakeng tsa lipolanete, re tlameha ho qala ka molao oa khoheli o hlahisitsoeng ke Sir Isaac Newton lekholong la bo17 la lilemo. Molao oa Newton oa khoheli o re: "Karolo e 'ngoe le e 'ngoe bokahohleng e hohela karolo e 'ngoe le e 'ngoe e 'ngoe ka matla a lekanang ka ho toba le sehlahisoa sa boima ba tsona 'me a lekana ka tsela e fapaneng le sekwere sa sebaka se pakeng tsa tsona." Sena se bolela hore ha lintho tse peli li le haufi, matla a khoheli pakeng tsa tsona a ba maholo, 'me ha boima ba tsona bo le boholo, matla a khoheli a ba maholo.
Sebopeho sa lipalo ke: \( F = G \frac{m_1 m_2}{r^2} \), moo \( F \) e leng matla a ho hohela, \( G \) ke ntho e sa fetoheng ya matla a khoheli, \( m_1 \) le \( m_2 \) ke bongata ba dintho tse pedi, mme \( r \) ke sebaka se pakeng tsa ditsi tsa dintho tse pedi.
Likamano tsa matla a khoheli pakeng tsa lipolanete
Leha matla a mantlha a susumetsang ho potoloha ha lipolanete e le matla a khoheli a Letsatsi, lipolanete le tsona lia susumetsana. Ha lipolanete tse peli li le haufi, lia hohelana, e leng se ka bakang liphetoho litseleng tsa tsona. Likamano tsena li ka ba thata haholo hobane li kenyelletsa lintho tse fetang tse peli, tseo ka linako tse ling li bitsoang bothata ba 'mele oa n.
Mohlala, Jupiter e na le tšusumetso e kholo ea matla a khoheli lipolaneteng tse haufi, haholo-holo ka lebaka la boima ba eona bo boholo. Tšusumetso ea matla a khoheli ea senatla sena sa khase e ka baka liphetoho tsa potoloho 'me mohlomong ea ba ea ama le ho sekama ha li-axes tse potolohang tsa lipolanete tse ling.
Phello ea ho Resonance ea Orbital
Pontšo e 'ngoe ea tšebelisano ea matla a khoheli pakeng tsa lipolanete ke ho resonance ea orbital. Ho resonance ea orbital ho etsahala ha lintho tse peli kapa ho feta tsa leholimo li na le linako tsa orbital tse amanang le karolelano e bonolo ea palo e felletseng. Mohlala, li-asteroid tse 'maloa lebanta le ka sehloohong la asteroid li ho resonance ea orbital le Jupiter, ho bolelang hore li phethela litsela tsa tsona ka makhetlo a mangata a bonolo a nako ea orbital ea Jupiter. Mehlala e tsebahalang ea ho resonance ena ke ho resonance ha 2:1 le 3:2 pakeng tsa li-asteroid le Jupiter.
Ho utloahala ha potoloho ha ho bohlokoa feela lebanta la asteroid; phello e boetse e bonahala likhoeling tsa Jupiter le Saturn. Mohlala, likhoeli Io, Europa, le Ganymede li lumellana ka 1:2:4, ho bolelang hore bakeng sa potoloho e 'ngoe le e 'ngoe e 'ne eo Io e e phethang, Europa e phetha tse peli, 'me Ganymede e phethela potoloho e le 'ngoe e felletseng.
Li-resonance tsena li kenya letsoho botsitsong ba nako e telele lipotolohong le ho fokotsa monyetla oa ho thulana pakeng tsa lintho. Leha ho le joalo, li ka boela tsa eketsa ho sisinyeha ha ka hare ho lintho ka lebaka la matla a fetohang a maqhubu, joalo ka ha ho etsahala likhoeling tsa Jupiter tsa Europa le Io, tseo matla a tsona a khoheli a hlahisang ts'ebetso ea seretse se chesang le liqhoqhoane tsa leqhoa tse ka bang le maoatle ka tlas'a tsona.
Tšusumetso ea Matla a Khoheli ea Saturn le Jupiter
Lipolanete tse peli tse kholo ka ho fetisisa tsamaisong ea rona ea letsatsi, Jupiter le Saturn, li na le tšusumetso e kholo ea matla a khoheli, eseng feela ho e 'ngoe le e 'ngoe empa le tsamaisong eohle ea letsatsi. Jupiter, ka boima ba eona bo fetang habeli ba lipolanete tse ling kaofela li kopantsoe, e bapala karolo e kholo ho khetholleng sebopeho le sebopeho sa Asteroid Belt le maemo a lipolanete tse ka ntle.
Saturn, le hoja e le bobebe ho feta Jupiter, le yona e na le tshusumetso e matla. Ho tsebahala hore tshebedisano pakeng tsa Jupiter le Saturn e bakile diphetoho tse kgolo tsamaisong ya pele ya letsatsi, ho kenyeletswa le ho falla ha dinatla tsa kgase ho tloha ditsing tsa tsona tsa pele le bokgoni ba tsona ba ho "hloekisa" ditsing tsa tsona tsa lerōle le mafika. Tshusumetso ena e boetse e bonahala sebopehong se rarahaneng sa tectonic le ho sekamela ha mehele ya Saturn.
Tšusumetso ea Matla a Khahlang Lipotolohong tsa Exoplanet
Khopolo ea ho hohelana ha lipolanete ha e felle feela tsamaisong ea rona ea letsatsi. Ho sibolloa ha lipolanete tse phelang kantle ho lefatše—lipolanete tse potolohang linaleli tse ling—ho butse sebaka se secha bakeng sa bo-rasaense ho leka mehlala ea matla a khoheli le matla a potoloho ea lefatše. Litsamaiso tse ngata tsa kantle ho lefatše li bontša bopaki ba ho hlaka ha potoloho ea lefatše le tšusumetso e matla ea matla a khoheli lipakeng tsa lipolanete.
Mohlala, sistimi ea TRAPPIST-1 e na le lipolanete tse supileng tse haufi-ufi tse nang le likarohano tse itseng tsa orbital tse bontšang matšoao a li-resonance tse rarahaneng. Ho utloisisa matla a ho hohela lipakeng tsa lipolanete tsena ho thusa litsebi tsa linaleli ho ithuta haholoanyane ka nalane e matla ea litsamaiso tsa exoplanetary joalo ka tsa rona.
Tšusumetso Maemong a Feteletseng a Lefatše
Ntle le likamano tse tobileng tsa matla a khoheli, matla a khoheli a lipolanete tse ling a ka boela a ama Lefatše le tikoloho ea lona ea sepakapaka. Mohlala, maemo a Jupiter le Saturn a ka susumetsa ho sekama ha axial ea Lefatše ka linako tse telele haholo, e leng se ka amang boemo ba leholimo ba lefats'e. Maqhubu a maqhubu a bakoang ke matla a khoheli a Khoeli le Letsatsi a tsebahala haholo, empa khopolo ea "maqhubu" a lipakeng tsa lipolanete ka tekanyo e kholo le eona ke sebaka se khahlang sa ho ithuta.
Qetello
Ho utloisisa khoheli pakeng tsa lipolanete ha ho bohlokoa feela bakeng sa tsebo ea khopolo-taba empa hape ho na le lits'ebetso tse sebetsang masimong a mangata, ho kenyeletsoa le ho hlahloba sebaka le ho bolela esale pele sepakapakeng. Ho tloha tšusumetsong e matla ea Jupiter ho ea ho li-resonance tse rarahaneng tsa orbital, khoheli e kopanyang lipolanete ke e 'ngoe ea matla a mantlha a bōpang matla a tsamaiso ea rona ea letsatsi.
Lilemong tse mashome tsa morao tjena, ho shebella le ho etsisa lik'homphieutha ho tebisitse kutloisiso ea rona ea likamano lipakeng tsa lipolanete. Tsebo ena e atolositsoeng ha e thuse feela ho boloka kutloano ea tsamaiso ea letsatsi empa hape e thusa ho utloisisa litsamaiso tsa lipolanete tse hole le sehlopha sa rona sa linaleli. Khoheli ea matla a khoheli pakeng tsa lipolanete ke e 'ngoe ea liphiri tsa bokahohle, 'me ha re ntse re ithuta eona haholoanyane, re ntse re elelloa botle ba lipalo le matla a 'mele a laolang boteng ba rona.
