Fisiks ho Saense ea Thepa ea Kaho
Pendahuluan
Fisiks ke lekala la mahlale le ithutang thepa le liketsahalo tsa bokahohle. Moelelong oa mahlale a thepa ea kaho, fisiks e bapala karolo ea bohlokoa. Ho utloisisa melao-motheo ea fisiks ho nolofalletsa baenjiniere le litsebi tsa meralo ho rala le ho haha meaho e sireletsehileng, e sebetsang hantle le e tšoarellang. Sengoloa sena se tla tšohla kamoo melao-motheo ea fisiks e sebelisoang kateng saenseng ea thepa ea kaho, ho tloha ho mechanics le thermodynamics ho ea ho thepa ea thepa.
Mekaniki ea Thepa
Melao le Litšebeliso tsa Newton ho Kaho
E 'ngoe ea melao-motheo ea bohlokoa ka ho fetisisa ea fisiks saenseng ea thepa ea kaho ke melao ea Newton. Molao oa pele oa Newton o bua ka ho se be le nako, ho bolelang hore ntho e tla lula e phomotse kapa e tsamaea ka tsela e ts'oanang moleng o otlolohileng ntle le haeba e etsoa ke matla a kantle. Kahong ea kaho, sena se bolela hore meaho e tlameha ho etsoa hore e mamelle meroalo e kantle joalo ka moea, litšisinyeho tsa lefatše, kapa meroalo e meng e matla.
Molao oa bobeli oa Newton o re ho potlaka ha ntho ho lekana le matla a sebelisoang ho eona 'me ho lekana ka ho fapaneng le boima ba eona (F = ma). Moelelong oa mehaho, baenjiniere ba meaho ba sebelisa molao ona ho rala likarolo tsa meaho tse kang maballo, litšiea le metheo ho mamella matla a sebetsang ho tsona. Mohlala, ha ho raloa borokho, ho bohlokoa ho nahana ka matla a fapaneng a kang meroalo ea likoloi, moea le litšisinyeho tsa lefatše, le ho netefatsa hore sebopeho se ka mamella matla ana ntle le ho putlama.
Molao oa Paballo ea Matla
Molao oa paballo ea matla o bolela hore matla a ke ke a bōptjoa kapa a timetsoa; a ka fetoloa feela ho tloha sebopehong se seng ho ea ho se seng. Saenseng ea thepa ea kaho, molao-motheo ona o sebelisoa ka litsela tse fapaneng, tse kang ho sekaseka katleho ea mocheso oa mehaho le litsamaiso tsa ho futhumatsa le ho pholisa. Mohlala, moralong oa mehaho e bolokang matla hantle (meaho e tala), baenjiniere ba sebelisa molao-motheo oa paballo ea matla ho ntlafatsa tšebeliso ea matla, mohlala ka ho sebelisa insulation e ntle ea mocheso ho fokotsa tahlehelo ea mocheso kapa ho sebelisa liphanele tsa letsatsi ho fetolela matla a letsatsi motlakase.
Thermodynamics ho Thepa ea Kaho
Ho Tsamaisa, ho Tsamaisa, le ho Radiation
Thermodynamics ke lekala la fisiks le ithutang kamano pakeng tsa mocheso, matla le mosebetsi. Moelelong oa mehaho, thermodynamics e bohlokoa haholo moralong oa litsamaiso tsa HVAC (ho futhumatsa, ho kenya moea le ho omisa moea) le khethong ea thepa ea kaho.
Mekhoa e meraro e meholo ea phetisetso ea mocheso ke phetisetso, phetisetso ea motlakase, le mahlaseli. Phetisetso ea mocheso ke phetisetso ea mocheso ka har'a thepa, 'me ke ea bohlokoa ha ho nahanoa ka ho thibela mocheso oa moaho. Mohlala, thepa ea ho thibela mocheso joalo ka boea ba khalase kapa polystyrene li sebelisoa ho fokotsa phetisetso ea mocheso ka har'a mabota le marulelo a moaho.
Phetisetso ea moea ke phetisetso ea mocheso ka motsamao oa mokelikeli, hangata moea. Tabeng ena, moea o kenang hantle o ka thusa ho laola mocheso oa ka tlung ka ho lumella moea o kenang hantle. Phallo e ntle ea moea le eona ea hlokahala ho thibela mathata a kang mongobo le hlobo, a ka senyang meaho ea meaho.
Mahlasedi ke phetiso ea matla a mocheso ka mokhoa oa maqhubu a motlakase. Mohlala, lifensetere tse nang le khalase e nang le mekhahlelo e mesesaane li ka sebelisoa ho fokotsa keketseho ea mocheso o tsoang khanya ea letsatsi ha li ntse li lumella khanya ea tlhaho ho kena. Theknoloji ena e tsejoa e le khalase ea Low-E (Low Emissivity).
Molao oa Bobeli oa Thermodynamics
Molao oa bobeli oa thermodynamics o bolela hore phetiso ea mocheso e etsahala ka boiketsetso ho tloha libakeng tse nang le mocheso o phahameng ho ea libakeng tse nang le mocheso o tlase, 'me ha ho mohla e etsahalang ka tsela e fapaneng. Moelelong oa mehaho, molao ona o sebelisoa, mohlala, ho rala litsamaiso tse sebetsang tsa ho thibela mocheso. Ka ho utloisisa kamoo phetiso ea mocheso e fetisetsoang kateng, baenjiniere ba ka rala meaho e fokotsang tahlehelo ea mocheso mariha le ho thibela keketseho e feteletseng ea mocheso lehlabula.
Thepa ea Thepa
Khatello ea Maikutlo le Khatello
Ha thepa e le tlas'a matla, e fetola sebopeho, kapa ea fetoha. Khatello ea maikutlo le khatello ke likhopolo tsa motheo tsa ho utloisisa hore na thepa e itšoara joang tlas'a mojaro. Khatello ea maikutlo ke matla a sebetsang holim'a thepa, ha khatello e le phetoho eo thepa e fetang ho eona ho arabela khatello eo.
Thepa ka 'ngoe e na le moeli o itseng oa khatello, oo haeba o feta, o tla baka ho fetoha ha moferefere kapa ho robeha ho sa feleng. Kahong, ho bohlokoa ho khetha thepa e ka mamellang khatello e lebelletsoeng ntle le ho hloleha. Mohlala, tšepe e atisa ho sebelisoa kahong ka lebaka la matla a eona a ho thaepa a phahameng, ha konkreite e ipabola ho haneleng khatello e hatelletsoeng.
Modulus ea Elasticity
Modulus ea ho tenyetseha, e tsejoang hape e le modulus ea Young, ke tekanyo ea ho tiea ha thepa. E bontša hore na thepa e tla fetoloa hakae ha e hatelloa. Thepa e nang le modulus e phahameng ea ho tenyetseha, joalo ka tšepe, e tla ba le phetoho e fokolang ho feta thepa e nang le modulus e tlase ea ho tenyetseha, joalo ka lehong, boemong bo tšoanang ba khatello. Ho utloisisa modulus ea ho tenyetseha ho bohlokoa moralong oa sebopeho ho netefatsa hore thepa e sebelisitsoeng e tla sebetsa kamoo ho reriloeng kateng.
Matla le ho Tšoarella ha Lintho tse bonahalang
Khopolo e 'ngoe ea bohlokoa ea fisiks saenseng ea thepa ke matla le ho tšoarella ha thepa. Matla ao thepa e ka a monyang pele e hloleha ke tekanyo ea bohlokoa ea ho tšoarella ha eona. Lisebelisoa tsa kaho tse ka monyang matla a mangata pele li robeha li nkoa li tšoarella haholoanyane ebile li sireletsehile haholoanyane. Tšepe, mohlala, e na le bokhoni bo phahameng ba ho monya matla, e leng se etsang hore e lokele meaho e tlamehang ho mamella meroalo e matla, joalo ka marokho kapa mehaho e melelele.
Metsi a Kaho
Matla a Mokelikeli
Matla a mokelikeli ke lekala la fisiks le ithutang motsamao oa metsi (metsi le likhase) le matla a sebetsang ho tsona. Moelelong oa mehaho, sena se bohlokoa, mohlala, moralong oa litsamaiso tsa ho ntša metsi le litsamaiso tsa HVAC. Molao-motheo oa Bernoulli, o bolelang hore ho eketsa lebelo la mokelikeli ho tsamaea le ho fokotseha ha khatello, hangata o sebelisoa moralong oa litsamaiso tsa moea ho netefatsa phallo e ntle ea moea.
Metsi a Metsi le ho Thibela Metsi Meahong
Hydrostatics ke thuto ea maro a phomotseng. Melao-motheo ea mantlha ea hydrostatics, joalo ka khatello ea hydrostatic, ke ea bohlokoa ho raleng meaho e sa keneleng metsi. Mohlala, ha ho raloa metheo e ka tlas'a tafole ea metsi, baenjiniere ba tlameha ho nahana ka khatello ea metsi e sebetsang mohahong le ho netefatsa hore thepa e sebelisitsoeng e ka mamella khatello ena ntle le ho lutla.
Ho koala
Fisiks e bapala karolo ea bohlokoa saenseng ea thepa ea kaho. Ho utloisisa melao-motheo ea motheo ea fisiks ha ho thuse feela ho raleng meaho e sireletsehileng le e sebetsang hantle empa hape ho khetheng thepa e nepahetseng bakeng sa lits'ebetso tse fapaneng. Ho tloha mek'henikeng ea thepa ho ea ho thermodynamics le dynamics ea mokelikeli, ts'ebeliso ea fisiks kahong ea sejoale-joale e netefatsa hore meaho ea kamoso e tla ba matla, e tšoarelle haholoanyane, 'me e be mosa haholoanyane tikolohong. Ka nts'etsopele e tsoelang pele ea theknoloji le lipatlisiso, re ka lebella ts'ebeliso e ncha haholoanyane ea melao-motheo ea fisiks lefatšeng la kaho nakong e tlang.
