Mokhoa oa ho Lekanya Coefficient ea Puseletso
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Palo e lekanang ea ho khutlisa ke paramethara e sebelisoang ho hlalosa kamoo lintho tse peli li sebelisanang kateng nakong ea ho thulana. Paramethara ena e bohlokoa fisiks hobane e re thusa ho utloisisa hore na ho thulana ho tenyetseha kapa ho se be le botsitso hakae. Haholo-holo ka botekgeniki, palo e lekanang ea ho khutlisa ke palo e se nang yuniti e tlohang ho 0 ho isa ho 1, e bontšang karolelano ea lebelo le lekanyelitsoeng pele le ka mor'a ho thulana. Palo ena e bohlokoa lits'ebetsong tse fapaneng, ho tloha boenjiniere ba litsela tse kholo ho ea ho theknoloji ea likarolo tsa likoloi, esita le lipapaling.
Sehlooho sena se tla tšohla mokhoa oa ho lekanya coefficient ea puseletso ka botlalo, ho kenyeletsoa le melao-motheo ea motheo, mekhoa e fapaneng ea ho lekanya, lisebelisoa tse sebelisitsoeng, le lits'ebetso tsa tsona tse sebetsang.
Melao-motheo ea Motheo
Palo e lekanang ea puseletso (e) e hlalosoa e le karolelano ea lebelo le amanang la lintho ka mor'a ho thulana (v'1 le v'2) ho lebelo le amanang le pele ho ho thulana (v1 le v2). Ka lipalo, mokhoa oa ho bala palo e lekanang ea puseletso ke:
\[ e = \frac{v'2 – v'1}{v1 – v2} \]
Moelelong ona, `v1` le `v2` ke lebelo la lintho pele ho thulano, ha `v'1` le `v'2` e le lebelo la lintho kamora thulano. Haeba coefficient of restitution e le haufi le 1, joale thulano e batla e tenyetseha ka ho feletseng, athe haeba e le haufi le 0, ho bolela hore thulano ha e tenyetsehe ka ho feletseng.
Mokhoa oa ho Lekanya
Ho na le mekhoa e 'maloa e sebelisoang ho lekanya coefficient ea puseletso, ho kenyeletsoa:
1. Pendulum ea Ballistic
2. Teko ea ho Lahla
3. LERC (Silindara e tsosolosang motlakase e otlolohileng)
1. Pendulum ea Ballistic
Pendulum ea ballistic ke sesebelisoa se atisang ho sebelisoa litekong tsa fisiks ho lekanya lebelo le coefficient ea restitution. E sebetsa ho latela melao-motheo ea momentum le matla.
Langkah-langkah:
1. Leketlisa bolo hodima pendulum.
2. E re bolo e otle ntho e shebiloeng ka lehlakoreng le itseng.
3. Ngola sekhutlo se phahameng ka ho fetisisa seo pendulum e tsamayang ho sona kamora ho thulana.
4. Sebelisa di-equation tsa matla le momentum ho bala lebelo pele le ka mora ho thulana.
5. Bala coefficient ea puseletso u sebelisa lebelo le fumanoeng.
2. Teko ea ho Lahla
Teko ea ho theoha ke mokhoa o bonolo le o sebelisoang khafetsa bakeng sa ho lekanya coefficient of restitution, haholo-holo maemong a lipapali tse kang basketball kapa tenese.
Langkah-langkah:
1. Lahlela bolo ho tloha bophahamong bo itseng (h1).
2. E re bolo e thekesele 'me u lekanye bolelele bo phahameng ka ho fetisisa ba ho thekesela ha pele (h2).
3. Sebelisa equation e latelang ho bala coefficient ea puseletso:
\[ e = \sqrt{\frac{h2}{h1}} \]
3. LERC (Silindara e tsosolosang motlakase e otlolohileng)
LERC ke mokhoa o rarahaneng haholoanyane 'me o hloka lisebelisoa tse khethehileng. E sebelisa li-sensor tsa motlakase ho lekanya lebelo la lintho pele le ka mor'a ho thulana ka nepo e kholo.
Langkah-langkah:
1. Beha sensor qetellong ea silindara.
2. E re ntho e tsamaye ka hare ho silindara mme e thulane le sepheo.
3. Sensor e tla rekota lebelo pele le ka mor'a ho thulana.
4. Sebelisa lebelo lena ho bala coefficient ea puseletso.
Lisebelisoa tse sebelisitsoeng
Lisebelisoa tse ling tse sebelisoang ka kakaretso ho lekanya coefficient ea puseletso ke:
– Pendulum ea Ballistic: Ho lekanya lebelo le motsamao.
– Khamera e lebelo le phahameng: Ho rekota le ho hlahloba lebelo la lintho tse thata ho li lekanya ka letsoho.
– Sensor ea lebelo: Joaloka LERC bakeng sa litekanyo tse nepahetseng haholoanyane.
– Stopwatch le meter: Bakeng sa mokhoa oa teko ea ho theoha.
Litšebeliso tse Sebetsang
Coefficient of restitution ha se khopolo-taba feela, empa e na le lits'ebetso tse pharaletseng tsa letsatsi le letsatsi, ho kenyeletsoa:
1. Likoloi
– Ho leka thepa ea bampara bakeng sa tšebeliso e ntle ea matla ha ho e-na le kotsi.
– Ntlafatso ea mekotla ea moea le litsamaiso tse ling tsa polokeho.
2. Lipapali
– Fumana litšobotsi tsa libolo ho tenese, basketball le bolo ea maoto.
– Tlhahlobo le nts'etsopele ea lisebelisoa tsa lipapali ho ntlafatsa ts'ebetso ea baatlelete.
3. Boenjiniere ba Meaho
– Lekola tšusumetso litsamaisong tsa bokaholimo ba litsela.
– Ho leka thepa ea moaho bakeng sa ho itšehla thajana ha lintho tse thothomelang.
Nyeoe ea mohlala
A re nahaneng ka mohlala o bonolo oa ho lekanya coefficient ea puseletso re sebelisa mokhoa oa teko ea lerotholi.
Boemo:
– Bolo e lahleloa ho tloha bophahamong ba limithara tse 2.
– Bolo e kgutlela morao ho fihlela ho mithara e le nngwe.
Langkah-langkah:
1. Lahlela bolo ho tloha bophahamong ba limithara tse \( h1 = 2 \).
2. Lekanya bophahamo bo boholo ba bolo ha e tlola \( h2 = 1 \) mithara.
3. Sebelisa foromo ea coefficient ea puseletso:
\[ e = \sqrt{\frac{h2}{h1}} = \sqrt{\frac{1}{2}} = 0.707 \]
Mohlaleng ona, coefficient of restitution ke 0.707, e leng se bontšang hore ho thulana ho tenyetseha hanyane.
Ho koala
Ho lekanya coefficient of restitution ke mosebetsi oa bohlokoa fisiks le mafapheng a mang a mangata a boenjiniere. Ho utloisisa mohopolo le mokhoa oa ho lekanya paramethara ena ho ka thusa lits'ebetsong tse fapaneng tse sebetsang, ho tloha moralo oa thepa ho isa nts'etsopele ea lisebelisoa tsa lipapali. Ka ho sebelisa mekhoa ea ho lekanya joalo ka li-pendulum tsa ballistic, liteko tsa ho theoha, le LERC, liindasteri tse fapaneng li ka ntlafatsa lihlahisoa tsa tsona bakeng sa katleho le polokeho e kholoanyane. Ho utloisisa coefficient of restitution ho boetse ho thusa lipatlisisong tsa thuto le nts'etsopele ea mahlale a macha bakeng sa bophelo ba letsatsi le letsatsi.
